| 释义 |
▪ I. pricking, vbl. n.|ˈprɪkɪŋ|
[f. prick v. + -ing1.]
The action of the verb prick.
1. a. Piercing, puncturing, wounding: see the verb. With a and pl., an instance of this.
1382Wyclif Lev. xix. 28 Upon the deed ȝe shulen not kitte ȝoure flesh, ne eny..pryckyngis ȝe shulen make to ȝow. 1607Topsell Four-f. B. (1658) 475 By thorns and prickings of bushes. 1762Goldsm. Nash Wks. (Globe) 545/2 Country men are deceived by gamblers, at a game called Pricking in the Belt, or the old Nob. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 768 The exudation of sebum after pricking is of importance.
b. The sensation of, or as of, being pricked or wounded; smarting, tingling. Phr. pricking of (or in) one's thumbs, used in various constructions with allusion to quot. 1605: an intuitive feeling or hunch; a premonition, a foreboding.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 145 Þer scal beon..[dunge] wið-uten prikunge. 1495Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. xvii. clxxxv. (W. de W.) 726 A dronklew mann feleth and is greuyd with sore pryckynge [Bodl. MS. picchinge] and aking in his heed. 1605Shakes. Macb. iv. i. 44 By the pricking of my Thumbes, Something wicked this way comes. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 687 Producing terrible pricking and itching. 1935‘G. Orwell’ Clergyman's Daughter i. 43 ‘I had a feeling I was going to meet you to-day.’ ‘By the pricking of your thumbs, I presume?’ 1946D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist v. 52, I stood then on the back platform of the flying Overland with the knowledge that I had got into new terrain, not easily to be mastered, pricking in my thumbs. 1966E. Palmer Plains of Camdeboo vi. 92 There should have been a pricking in our thumbs the morning we went to see the fossils, but we had no warning at all.
c. fig. The infliction of mental pain; grief, distress, sorrow; remorse, compunction, regret.
c1000ælfric Hom. (Th.) II. 88 Hi ða sawla toterað mid pricungum mislicra ᵹeðohta. c1400Destr. Troy 2183 My payne with prickyng in hert. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 127 Without drede or feare, scruple or pryckynge of conscyence. 1617Hieron Wks. II. 328 To the pricking and astonishing of thy heart. 1815W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 205 Those elected to this function Ne'er feel the prickings of compunction.
2. The footprint or track of a hare (rarely of other beasts). Hence, the tracking of a hare by its pricks or footprints; also † pricking forth.
c1386Chaucer Prol. 191 Of prikyng and of huntyng for the hare. c1410Master of Game (MS. Digby 182) xxxiv, Till she [a hare] be retreued, or þat..he fynde her poyntynge, or pryckynge. 1575Turberv. Venerie 163 If he can finde the footing of the hare (which we call pricking). 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme 696 By these traces or footsteps, he shall by little and little picke out which way she is gone, and this amongst hunts-men is called the pricking forth of the hare. 1630R. Brathwait Eng. Gentlem. (1641) 156 The prints and prickings of sundry sorts of beasts might easily be discerned. 1834Medwin Angler in Wales I. 262 These tracks were sometimes lost..; but by careful pricking, they were hit upon again.
3. The souring of wine or liquor.
c1645Howell Lett. (1650) I. 371 The length of the voyage makes them [wines] subject to pricking. 1799G. Smith Laboratory I. 432 To prevent wine from pricking.
4. The action of spurring or goading onward; instigation, incitement, provocation. Now rare.
a1225Ancr. R. 234 Seinte Powel hefde..flesches prikiunge. c1230Hali Meid. 3 Wið hare pricunges of fleschliche fulðen. 12..tr. Charter of æðelstan in Birch Cart. Sax. II. 452 Ȝelad by þe pricingge of ðe Haly Goste. 1340Ayenb. 148 Þe poudres efterward and prekiinde of harde wyþniminge. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 205 Ofte Prayer quynchyth the Pryckynges of vices. 1666Bunyan Grace Ab. 41, I did..find in my mind a secret pricking forward thereto. 1882Daily Tel. 12 Sept. 2/1 In former times there was a custom called pricking—a sailor got behind a boy and forced him up by digging into him with a sharp marlingspike.
†5. Spurring; galloping; riding. Obs.
c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1741 The heraudes lefte hir prikyng [v.r. prykynge, prikking] vp and doun. c1440Promp. Parv. 413/2 Prykynge, of hors, cursitacio. 1549Compl. Scot. xiv. 114 In prikkyng contrar ther enemes. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 119 b, When a benefice or prebende is fallen..what busie suite, what gadding and prickyng vp and downe.
6. a. Marking or writing by means of pricks, dots, etc.; † chiefly of music: see prick v. 13 (obs.); appointing a sheriff: see prick v. 15; † in quot. 1532–3, figured ornamentation, embroidery (obs.).
a1509Proverbs in Grose Antiq. Rep. (1809) IV. 405 A songe myssoundithe yf the prickynge be not right. 1532–3Act 24 Hen. VIII, c. 13 No manne vnder the degree of a barons soune..shall weare any maner embrodery, prickyng or printing with golde, siluer, or other sylke. 1621Cheque Bk. Chapel Royal (Camden) 10 For pricking of songes and for a new sett of bookes for the Chappell. 1699Wanley in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 273 The reducing of any Tune in that book to our way of pricking on five lines. 1755Carte Hist. Eng. IV. 464 It was now the usual time of the year for the Kings pricking of sheriffs. 1811Self Instructor 116 By pricking over the book, is meant an examining every article of the Journal against the Ledger.
b. In Palæography, the piercing of a series of holes on a leaf to assist with the ruling of lines; a set of such holes.
1908E. Johnston Writing & Illuminating (ed. 2) vi. 110 The writing line dots are pricked through all the sheets by means of a fine awl or needle... See also methods of ruling without pricking. 1912E. M. Thompson Introd. Gk. & Lat. Palaeogr. 55 In earlier MSS. these prickings are often found near the middle of the leaf. 1971T. A. M. Bishop English Caroline Minuscule p. xii, In English MSS. written after c. 900 the prickings for horizontal ruling are found only in outer lateral margins. 1973Bodl. Libr. Rec. IX. 12 Prickings with an awl had been made along outer bounding-lines of four bifolia simultaneously with hair-sides up. 1976Codicologica I. 78 Other aspects of the medieval book: the nature of parchment, ink, pricking, and ruling.
7. Fastening with a pin, etc.; dressing up, adornment; = prinking.
c1340Hampole Prose Tr. 21 With in thi herte thynkynge, boostynge, and prikkynge and preysynge of thi silfe. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 583/31 Fixura, prykkynge or festenynge. 1550Latimer Serm., Luke xii. 15 (1562) 116 b, Women..haue muche pryckynge when they put on their cap. Ibid., They would not make so muche pryckynge vp of theym selues as they dooe now a dayes.
8. Hort. The planting out or off of seedlings.
1796C. Marshall Garden. xiv. (1813) 189 The pricking out the young plants..when they are three or four days old. 1935A. G. L. Hellyer Pract. Gardening v. 47 Pricking out should be done as soon as it becomes necessary. 1952C. E. L. Phillips Small Garden vi. 53 Pricking out simply means lifting the seedlings from this nursery bed..and replanting them more widely somewhere else. 1976Abingdon Herald 9 Dec. 5/2 A heating cable will enable you to carry on plants after pricking out.
9. pricking up (Plastering): see prick v. 23. Also attrib.
1778Ld. Mahon in Phil. Trans. LXVIII. 887 Common coarse lime and hair (such as generally serves for the pricking-up-coat in plastering). 1832Encycl. Brit. (ed. 7) V. 678/2 In three-coat plastering on laths..the first [coat] is called the pricking up. Ibid. 679/2 The first, or pricking up, is roughly laid on the laths, the principal object being to make the keying complete.
10. attrib. and Comb.: † pricking-hat, a riding hat; pricking-iron Saddlery (see quot. 1960); † pricking-knife, a carpenter's tool; pricking-note, a note of goods for shipment, on which the customs officer pricked each item as it was delivered on board, and on which the captain gave a receipt for the goods; † pricking-pallet (pallet n.3), a riding head-piece; pricking-pole, a pole with an iron point for propelling a boat; pricking-up Basketry (see quot. 1912); pricking-wheel = prick-wheel (see prick n. 21).
1438Durham Chapter Munim., Misc. Charters 5603, j *prekynghatt coopertum cum Welwete. 1441Plumpton Corr. (Camden) p. liv, Either a prickinghate or a sallett upon their heads.
1904P. N. Hasluck Saddlery & Harness-Making (1962) ii. i. 18 Fig. 32 shows a tool used in stamping the lines preparatory to stitching. These tools vary in width from three teeth, which are used only for round points and scalloped work, to twenty-four teeth for straight lines... (caption) Fig. 32.—*Pricking-iron. 1946N. Wymer Eng. Country Crafts v. 47 From the start he was taught to keep his needle-holes as equidistant as possible, the length he must make each stitch being marked off for him on his leather by means of a pricking-iron. 1960G. E. Evans Horse in Furrow xvi. 206 On the cart-trace back decorative sewing..was the rule. A pricking iron—a chisel-shaped implement with points or teeth at regular intervals on the blade—was first used to mark out the pattern and to ensure that the stitches were uniformly placed. 1975J. H. L. Shields To handmake a Saddle x. 42 The end to be stitched is then pricked with a No. 4 pricking iron.
c1500Debate Carpenter's Tools in Halliwell Nugæ Poet. 15 Than bespake the *prykyng-knyfe, ‘He duellys to nyȝe the ale-wyfe’.
1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, *Pricking-note, a form of custom-house order..delivered by a shipper of goods to the searcher.
1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy iii. xxii. (MS. Digby 230) lf. 102 b/2 His vauntbrace may be cured ner A *prikinge palet of plate þe kever.
1892P. H. Emerson Son of Fens xv. 153 Carry my *pricking-pole up.
1912T. Okey Introd. Art of Basket-Making 153 *Pricking up, turning up the stakes after their insertion in the bottom with the point of the shop-knife to form the framework of the sides of a basket. 1959D. Wright Baskets & Basketry vi. 136 Pricking-up: turning up of willow stakes over the point of the knife after they have been inserted into the base. 1960E. Legg Country Baskets 93 The turning up of the stakes is done rather differently than with cane, the pricking up method being adopted.
Add:[6.] c. In Lace-making, the transferring of a design by means of pricks from a pattern to an underlying card or other surface, which is then used as a guide or template; the pattern copied or guide produced in this way.
c1890tr. T. de Dillmont's Encycl. Needlework 480 The pricking of the pattern beforehand is particularly important in the case of the common torchon lace, where the real beauty of the design consists in its regularity. 1930Ibid. (new ed.) 710 The pattern or ‘pricking’..consists of a design transferred to a card, certain parts of which are pricked out. 1953M. Powys Lace & Lace-Making iv. 26 Straight lace, all the threads being hung on the lace pillow at the top of a straight pricking. 1976P. Nottingham Technique of Bobbin Lace i. 14 To copy a pricking from a book. Fasten the tracing paper firmly over the pattern and mark in each dot using a sharp pencil. 1979E. Luxton Technique of Honiton Lace ii. 20 The prickings in this book are the actual size for working... Great care should be taken that the holes are pricked accurately, as the finished appearance of the lace depends largely on a good pricking. 1988Lace July 10/2 This cape is very large indeed and the pricking itself is divided into 2 halves.
▪ II. pricking, ppl. a.|ˈprɪkɪŋ|
[f. prick v. + -ing2.]
That pricks, in various senses of the verb.
1. Causing a prick or puncture; piercing, prickly.
a1225Ancr. R. 134 Nest is herd, of prikinde þornes wiðuten, & wiðinnen nesche & softe. 1535Coverdale Ezek. xxviii. 24 She shal no more be a prickinge thorne, & an hurtinge brere vnto the house of Israel. 1604E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies iv. xxvi. 282 In a huske somewhat bigger, and more pricking than a chesnut. 1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 639 With their pricking stings they [bees] grievously wound and torment.
b. transf. and fig. Producing the sensation of being pricked; having a wounding or paining effect on the feelings or mind; causing a sharp sudden pain; piercing; smarting.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 430/2 Kepyng hymself ryght curyously from the pryckyng sawtes and watche of the world the flesshe and the deuyll. 1528Paynel Salerne's Regim. E j, Mylke..is good agaynst prickynge humours in the entrayles. 1629T. Browne in Darcie's Ann. Q. Eliz. ii. 371 Marshall Byrone, who with pricking words wounded the Maiesty of the King, was now beheaded. 1656Ridgley Pract. Physick 140 There is no pricking cold. 1834J. Forbes Laennec's Dis. Chest (ed. 4) 473 Attended with pricking pains in the right side.
†2. That presses forward; keen, eager. Obs.
1575Appius & Virginia in Hazl. Dodsley IV. 112 The pert and pricking prime of youth ought chastisement to have.
†3. Goading, stimulating. Obs.
1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 46 The Hortatorie and Dehortatorie are a little more vehement, stirring and pricking then the others.
4. Pointed or arrect, as an ear.
1610B. Jonson Masque of Oberon 73 Stick our pricking ears With the pearl that Tethys wears. 1614Markham Cheap Husb. i. i. (1668) 2 A small thin ear short and pricking. |