| 释义 |
▪ I. solid, n.1|ˈsɒlɪd|
Also 6–7 solide.
[f. the adj., or ad. F. solide, L. solidum.]
1. Geom. A body or magnitude of three dimensions; one having length, breadth, and thickness.
solid of revolution, one formed by the revolution of a plane figure.
1495Trevisa's De P.R. xix. cxxvii. (W. de W.) 928 The Cubus is properly the Solid ylyke longe, brode, and depe. 1570Billingsley Euclid xi. def. 1. 312 A solide or body is that which hath length, breadth, and thicknes. 1571Digges Pantom. iii. Q, Lyke solides are such as are encompassed with superficies that are lyke and of equall number. 1625N. Carpenter Geogr. Del. i. ii. (1635) 36 As wee esteeme of a circle described in a plaine surface, so must we iudge in solids of a Spheare. 1696Phillips (ed. 5) s.v., All Solids are either Spherical or Elliptical, which have no Sides or Angles; or Prisms, which are contain'd in Plains. 1725Watts Logic i. vi. §8 Geometry divides its Objects into Lines, Surfaces and Solids. 1816tr. Lacroix's Diff. & Int. Calculus 679 To find the differentials of the volumes and curve surfaces of solids of revolution. 1841Penny Cycl. XIX. 364/2 We have thus the five regular solids, and have shown that there can be no others. 1878Gurney Crystal. 41 A solid cannot be bounded by fewer than four planes.
2. a. A solid substance or body.
1698J. Keill Exam. Th. Earth (1734) 195 For it is not so with solids as with fluids, where all range themselves according to their intensive gravities. a1722Lisle Husb. (1757) 7 Nor is it to be objected, that by fire these vegetative particles should be destroyed, seeing they are supposed to be solids. 1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 65 The first class consists of solids, which compose the great known part of the globe. 1844G. Bird Urin. Deposits 62 The quantity of solids in a fluid ounce of the urine. 1882Minchin Unipl. Kinematics 137 Every one easily recognises a broad distinction between a Fluid and a Solid.
transf.1727Bailey (vol. II), Semi-vowels..are distinguished into Solids and Liquids. Ibid., Solids,..or solid Letters, are those which are never liquefied.
b. Physiol. A solid part or constituent of the body. Used in pl.
Freq. in the 18th cent.; now Obs. or rare.
1704F. Fuller Med. Gymn. (1711) 26, I come now to shew after what manner [exercise] affects the solids. 1769E. Bancroft Guiana 324 Its use..is indispensably necessary in this climate, to corroborate the solids. 1805Med. Jrnl. XIV. 325 Its influence upon the nervous system through..the balance between the solids and fluids. [a1862Buckle Civiliz. (1869) III. 420 All the solids in the human body are either simple or vital.]
c. Building. A solid mass of masonry or other construction, esp. that between windows or doors; a pier of a bridge.
1736N. Hawksmoor Hist. London Bridge 9 There are also eighteen Solids or Piers of different Dimensions, from thirty-four to twenty-five Feet thick. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §45 The whole therefore to the height of the store-room floor..having been made with all possible solidity, was denominated the solid. 1840Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 84/1 To obtain the largest possible admission of light, with the smallest obstruction of solids or piers. 1842Gwilt Archit. §2756 The investigation relative to the voids and solids of doors. Ibid. Gloss. s.v. Pier, A solid between the doors or windows of a building.
d. Printing. (See quot.)
1888Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 128 Solids, the blacker or more solid parts of a woodcut or other illustration.
3. the solid, the unbroken mass, the main part or body, of something.
1776Semple Building in Water 148 The Tongues and Grooves to be put on with Spikes and stout Oak Pins, or made out of the Solid. 1840Browning Sordello iv. 168 Her hero's car Clove dizzily the solid of the war. 1908Westm. Gaz. 13 Feb. 4/2 The mechanically operated valves are..actuated by cams turned from the solid.
4. ellipt. in pl. in various senses:
a. Solid or substantial dishes or food.
b. U.S. Self-coloured cloths or garments.
c. Salt-making. (See quot.)
d. Mining. (See quot.)
e. Sc. Solid qualities or character.
a.1786J. Woodforde Diary 18 July (1926) II. 258, I..could eat no solids all day long. 1792A. Young Trav. France 217, I am very well served at dinner with many and good dishes, and some of them solids. 1973Jrnl. Genetic Psychol. CXXIII. 103 It can be seen also in Table 4 that infants did not eat solids at two weeks, but did at five weeks. 1977W. H. Manville Good-bye iv. 40 Junior just began eating solids.
b.1883Evening Star (Washington) 31 Oct. 3/6 Solids are all the go this season. Stripes and checks are very dull.
c.1886Holland Cheshire Gloss., Solids, the solid brickwork about the fires, on which the bars, bearers, and other ironwork rests.
d.1894Heslop Northumbld. Gloss., Solids, in mining, the solid rock as distinguished from soil, moss, drifts, etc.
e.1896J. Horne Canny Countryside xix. 212 That precentor was never again seen in Knockdry. He lacked ‘solids’.
f. Special Comb.: solids-not-fat Dairying, the components of milk other than water and fats and other lipids (being largely lactose and proteins); the proportion of such components in a sample of milk; solids pump, a machine for forcing lumpy or granular material, or liquid containing it, through a pipe or chamber against the force of gravity.
1874J. A. Wanklyn Milk-Analysis ix. 38 The effect of skimming is to diminish the proportion of fat, and to leave the proportion of ‘solids not fat’ unaltered. 1930Analyst LV. 543 The resulting curves..do not indicate that the highest proportion of solids-not-fat is contained in the bottom part of the milk. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 5 Jan. 99/1 Changes in solids-not-fat were small, and nearly 19 per cent of the tests in Friesian herds and 7 per cent of those in Ayrshire herds were below the legal minimum standard of 8·5 per cent.
1957T. G. Hicks Pump Selection & Application xiv. 313 Solids pumps..are designed to handle solutions containing large percentages of suspended abrasive materials. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. XII. 474/2 The solids pump has found its principal application in the operation of oil-shale retorts. Here it is used to feed crushed shale into the bottom of a conical vessel.
5. A solid rubber tyre. (No longer current.)
1919Brit. Manufacturer Nov. 38/1, 50,000 pneumatic tyres a week, in addition to solids. 1924A. W. Judge Mod. Motor Cars II. 178 Both ordinary and Giant Solids.
▪ II. † solid, n.2 Obs.
Also solide.
[ad. L. solidus solidus1.]
A weight or value equivalent to that of the Roman solidus.
1601Holland Pliny II. 36 The ordinarie dose is from half an obolus to a Solid.., according to the strength of the patient. 1609Bible (Douay) 1 Esdr. viii. 27 Cuppes of gold twentie, which had a thousand solides.
▪ III. solid, a.|ˈsɒlɪd|
Forms: 4–7 solide (6–7 solude, 7 solede, sollide); 5– solid (7 solyd, sollid).
[a. OF. solide (mod.F. solide, = Sp., Pg., It. solido), or ad. L. solidus.]
I.
1. a. Free from empty spaces, cavities, interstices, etc.; having the interior completely filled in or up. Opposed to hollow.
c1391Chaucer Astrol. ii. §26 The excellence of the spere solide..shewyth Manifeste the diuerse assenciouns of signes in diuerse places. 1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 85 Hollow things are more fitte to receiue sounds, and to cause them to be heard better, then things that are solide and more thicke. 1604R. Cawdrey Table Alph., Solid, not hollowe, sound, heavie. 1613Purchas Pilgr. (1614) 567 This was hollow, the other solid. 1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. 106 That [piece] examined..was a solid rhomboid. 1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 180 In the construction of walls they are generally built solid; but when the wall is formed entirely of brick, a saving of material is obtained..by building them hollow. 1863P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 277 Mr. Fawcett introduced the highly important improvement of casting the guns solid and boring them. 1881Grove's Dict. Music III. 179 It was played with the hand,..and had seven strings mounted in a solid wooden frame.
b. spec. in Bot. and Ent. (see quots.).
(a)1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl., Solid root..expresses the whole root to be one uniform lump of matter. 1776J. Lee Introd. Bot. 378 Solidus, solid, without internal Pores. c1789Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) III. 448/1 Solid, consisting of solid substance; as the tulip. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) I. 82 Solid Root; fleshy and uniform, as that of a Turnep. 1866Treas. Bot. 1072/1 Solid, not hollow or furnished with internal cavities of any kind.
(b)1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. IV. 259 Solid (Solida). When the interior is full. Ibid. 323 Solid Knob... When the knob consists of a single joint, or if of more, exhibits very faint traces of their separation.
c. Typog. Having no leads between the lines; unleaded; (see also quot. 1888).
1808C. Stower Printers' Gram. 163 To a solid page, two leads make the usual white after the head. 1839T. C. Hansard Print. & Type-Founding (1841) 89 How many lines of the particular type used there would be in a page of the given size, supposing it were all solid type. 1888Jacobi Printers Vocab. 128 Solid matter, type composed without leads; also applied to type with but few quadrats in.
d. Of a wall, etc.: Having no opening or window; unbroken, blank.
1865J. Fergusson Hist. Arch. ii. ii. ii. I. 427 The apse, properly speaking, is a solid semi-cylinder, surmounted by a semi-dome, but always solid below, though generally broken by windows above.
2. Math.
a. Of a body or figure: Having three dimensions.
c1430Art Nombryng 14 It is clepede a solide body that hathe þer-in..lengthe, brede, and thiknesse. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey) s.v. Curve, The Conchoid and the Solid Parabola. 1823H. J. Brooke Introd. Crystallogr. 111 Alternate solid angles replaced by tangent planes. 1841Brewster Martyrs Science iii. i. (1856) 172 What have plane figures to do with solid orbits? 1842Penny Cycl. XXII. 206/1 The rules..for measuring different superficial or solid figures will be found under the several heads.
fig.1830Carlyle Misc. (1857) II. 172 Narrative is linear, Action is solid.
†b. Of number or measure: = cubic a. Obs.
(a)c1430Art Nombryng 14 The solide nombre or cubike is þat þat comythe of double ledynge of nombre in nombre. 1570Billingsley Euclid vii. def. 18. 187 When three numbers multiplyed together y⊇ one into the other, produce any number, the number produced, is called a solide number. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Solid Numbers, are those which arise from the Multiplication of a Plain Number, by any other whatsoever.
(b)1665Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. i. (1848) 50 Ten thousand millions of Cubick German Leagues, (and consequently above three-score times as many English miles of solid measure). 1667Primatt City & C. Builder 165 A Foot solid measure hath seventeen hundred twenty eight square Inches. 1705Arbuthnot Coins, etc. ix. (1727) 91 There are in a solid Foot 1728 solid Inches.
c. Of, relating, or pertaining to a geometrical solid or solids († or to cubic numbers).
1570Billingsley Euclid i. prop. 12. 22 A solide perpendiculer line is, when the point, from whence the perpendiculer is drawne, is on high, and without the plaine superficies. 1571Digges Pantom. ii. xiv. O j, The thirde kynde of Geometrie, where you shall haue rules to measure, not onely the solide, but also the superficiall contents of all maner bodies. 1684E. Halley (title), Discourse concerning the number of roots of solid and biquadratical equations. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Solid Place..is when the Point is in one of the Conick Sections. Ibid., Solid Problem..is one which can't be Geometrically solved, but by the Intersection of a Circle, and a Conick Section. 1733H. Gore (title), Elements of Solid Geometry. 1842Penny Cycl. XXII. 206/1 Solid, superficial, and linear dimensions. 1885Watson & Burbury Electr. & Magn. I. 59, U, instead of being a single spherical solid harmonic, may be an infinite series of such harmonics.
3. a. Of material substances: Of a dense or massive consistency; composed of particles which are firmly and continuously coherent; hard and compact.
c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 917 Solude, massif. 1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 33 It is nothing solide or massie, but much porouse. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. ii. 129 Oh that this too too solid Flesh would melt, Thaw, and resolue it selfe into a Dew. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1638) 179 In place of solyd walls, it is ingirt with liquid moats or trenches. 1715tr. Gregory's Astron. (1726) I. 170 We shall demonstrate..that each Planet, the nearer it is to the Sun, the solider or more dense it is. 1742Gray Propertius ii. 30 What wondrous force the solid earth can move. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 299 The separation of a fluid from the solid or undissolved particles which it contains. 1841Penny Cycl. XXI. 177/2 These secretions are exceedingly numerous, and constitute the great bulk of the solid parts of the plant. 1895Naturalist 26 A solid camphor.
transf.1746Francis tr. Horace, Epist. ii. i. 272 To think that Asses should in Judgement sit, In solid Deafness, on the Works of Wit. 1847Tennyson Princ. iii. 110, I forced a way Thro' solid opposition crabb'd and gnarl'd. 1887Lecky Eng. in 18th C. V. 338 There will no longer be any obstacle to a solid despotism.
b. Solidified; frozen.
1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 561 With Axes first they cleave the Wine, and thence By Weight, the solid Portions they dispence. 1786S. Rogers Ode Superstit. i. iii, O'er solid seas, where Winter reigns. 1879Daily Telegr. 28 June, Having the bowl of solid soup carefully enwrapped in a copy of the Sunday Times.
c. In the phr. solid rock, with reference to the cutting of steps or passages in it.
1779J. Moore View Soc. Fr. (1793) I. 231 We entered the largest saline by a passage cut out of the solid rock. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho lii, We went through a long passage, and down other steps cut in the solid rock. 1838Penny Cycl. XI. 215/1 Two excavations, wrought with extreme labour, in the solid rock, called galleries.
d. Of clouds, the atmosphere, etc.: Having the appearance of a solid or unbroken mass; dense, thick, compact. Chiefly poet.
1807Wordsw. Poems Indep. & Liberty ii. v, Clouds, lingering yet, extend in solid bars Through the grey west. 1819Shelley Ode to West Wind 27 Thy congregated might Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst. 1841Browning Pippa Passes i. 7 Of yonder gap in the solid gray Of the eastern cloud.
e. Astronautics. Using solid fuel.
1949G. P. Sutton Rocket Propulsion Elem. i. 10 Long duration solid rocket units require an excessively heavy and large combustion chamber. 1961Flight LXXX. 650/2 A study of the requirements associated with the transport, handling, checkout, assembly, and launch of extremely large solid boosters. 1967Technology Week 20 Feb. 13/1 The program will cover the design, development and demonstration of a controllable solid propulsion system using integral propulsion. 1979J. W. Cornelisse et al. Rocket Propulsion ix. 169 Solid rockets find widespread military and civil applications.
4. Of states, conditions, etc.: Characterized by solidity or compactness.
1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, iii. i. 48 That one might..see..the Continent (Wearie of solide firmenesse) melt it selfe Into the Sea. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. (1848) 64 The Leaves..are of a more solid Texture..than the Blossoms. 1824Scott Redgauntlet ch. xix, A little surprised at the solid weight of the distressed fair one. 1868Lockyer Elem. Astron. §66 Taking water and iron as instances: when both are in a solid state we get ice and hard iron.
5. a. Of rain, etc.: Steady, drenching; continuous. Also, of a day: Characterized by rain of this kind.
1621in Foster Eng. Factories Ind. (1906) 354 There fell (in a sad and sollid shewer without intermission) soe much unexpected rayne. 1847Helps Friends in C. i. vi. I. 86 To be looking out on a good solid English wet day. 1868in Huntley Glouc. Gloss. 63 A solid rain.
b. Of water: Coming in a compact mass.
1893Outing XXII. 146/2 Her principal fault is that she is wet in a sea-way, though she rarely ships solid water.
6. Having the property of occupying a certain amount of space (cf. solidity 4).
1690Locke Hum. Und. ii. v. (1695) 53 Nor is an Adamant one jot more solid than Water. Ibid., Yet it is not that the parts of the Diamond are more solid than those of Water or resist more. 1794R. J. Sulivan View Nature I. 125 Even a particle of water is solid. 1829Nat. Philos., Pneumatics ii. (L.U.K.) 3 The quality in air which we have called impenetrability, is sometimes called solidity, and air is said to be solid.
II.
7. Of a strong, firm, or substantial nature or quality; not slight or flimsy: a. Of things (or persons), in figurative applications.
1586Reg. Privy Council Scot. IV. 61 Upon a gude and solide ordour for convocating of the ministerie to General Assembleis thaireftir. 1606G. Woodcock Hist. Ivstine xv. 64 This temper had made them sollude, and fitte for anie foundation. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xiii. (1848) 250 The Decrees of Providence are too solid and fixt to have Violence offered them. 1703Evelyn Diary 11 July, All the points of good and solid architecture. 1746Chesterfield Lett. cv. (1792) I. 288 As he took so much pains for the graces of oratory only, I conclude he took still more for the more solid parts of it. a1770Jortin Serm. (1771) I. 30 Faith is gone, having no solid support. 1812Examiner 11 May 302/2 The colouring..is solid without heaviness. 1860Motley Netherl. iv. (1868) I. 101 There was another way of earning something solid. 1876Bancroft Hist. U.S. III. vi. 370 His desire was for solid and sure places.
b. Of structures, buildings, furniture, etc.
1644Milton Areop. (Arb.) 64 How goodly..were such an obedient unanimity as this... Doubtles a stanch and solid peece of framework, as any January could freeze together. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. ii. 47 We saw on our right hand two very solid well built houses. a1700Evelyn Diary 2 June 1676, The furniture is very particular for..porcelain, and other solid and noble moveables. 1870Howson Metaph. St. Paul ii. 72 The solid cities of the Greeks and Romans.
c. Of food or liquor.
a1700Evelyn Diary 27 Oct. 1685, There were all the dainties..of the season,..venison, plaine solid meate, fowle [etc.]. 1700Dryden Pref. Fables Ess. (Ker) II. 258 Whole pyramids of sweetmeats for boys and women, but little of solid meat for men. 1711Steele Spectator No. 43 ⁋4 A Bottle or two of good solid Edifying Port, at honest George's, made a Night chearful, and threw off Reserve. 1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) I. 210 One substantial meal of solid animal food daily.
d. Of cloth, garments, etc.
1859Habits of Gd. Society iv. 177 For the country, the attire should be tasteful and solid and strong. 1903Sat. Rev. 5 Dec. 697/2 Solid unbleached calico..wears well.
e. Cards. (See quot. 1927.)
1927M. C. Work Contract Bridge 145 Solid suit, one of such length and strength as to be practically sure of winning every trick in that suit. 1959Listener 12 Feb. 309/1 The jump after a forcing opening bid shows a solid suit. 1976Country Life 1 Apr. 846/2 Even when your trump suit is solid, it may still be fatal to touch it too early.
8. a. Combined; consolidated; united. rare.
1596Bacon Max. & Use Com. Law xxiv. (1630) 94 So if tenant for life the remainder in fee bee, and they ioine in graunting a rent, this is one solid rent out of both their estates. 1818Hallam Mid. Ages (1872) I. 204 The other acquired unlimited power over a solid kingdom.
b. Unanimous, undivided; united in approval or opposition. Orig. U.S. solid South, the politically united southern States of America; the unanimous vote of the white electorate in these States for the Democratic party.
1855in P. S. Foner Business & Slavery (1941) 114 We are now beaten by the solid vote of the City of New York. 1858S. Colfax Let. in O. J. Hollister Life Schuyler Colfax (1887) 137 We have fallen on strange times when the solid South in the House and a score of Northern Democrats dare to vote ‘No’ on a resolution approving existing laws against the African slave trade. 1872Chicago Tribune 14 Oct. 1/3 The Democrats are solid for Greeley in this county. 1876Harper's Weekly 26 Aug. 691/2 We must recognize the solid South as the core of the Democratic party... The solid South is the Southern Confederacy seeking domination of the United States through the machinery of the Democratic party. 1884Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 16 Aug., The vote of the solid South. 1890Henty With Lee in Virginia 84 The North can never hope to force the solid South back into the Union. 1892Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 8 Nov. 4/4 A solid New England vote for protection. 1974Socialist Worker 23 Nov. 16/5 With the exception of a handful of white scabs on one shift all four shifts are solid. 1977Chicago Tribune 2 Oct. ii. 2/5 It is possible for the GOP to revitalize itself by becoming the necessary counterweight to the newly reconstituted Solid South.
c. Of persons: Regular or steady in attendance, politics, voting, etc. Chiefly U.S.
1880Sen. Rep. 46th U.S. Congress 2 Sess. No. 693. 326 Q. These gentlemen..are both good Democrats? A. Yes, sir; they are solid Democrats. 1883Keighley Who are you 90, I escorted her to Sunday School excursions, and was ‘solid’ at the picnics and bazaars. 1884American IX. 180 He is, therefore, presumed to be solid as a Southern man. 1888Howells Annie Kilburn xviii, I'm solid for Mr. Peck every time.
d. orig. U.S. Intimately or closely allied, on friendly terms, with another.
1882G. W. Peck Peck's Sunshine 161, I was pretty solid with him. 1888Cent. Mag. Nov. 30 We thus succeeded in making ourselves ‘solid with the administration’ before we had been in a town or village forty-eight hours. 1895Outing XXVI. 64, I wanted to get solid with him for a time while he lived. 1951E. Paul Springtime in Paris iv. 80 He..went back to his native village in the Ain, where there are plenty of unregenerate Pétainists to this day, quite solid with the bishop and the anti-Jewish provincial administration.
9.
†a. Of time: Continuous, consecutive. rare.
1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacra i. v. §8 The uncertainty of heathen chronology, when..implicite years are given out for solid. 1704Hearne Duct. Hist. (1714) I. 284 They took implicit Years for solid, and placed those Kings in a Succession which were Contemporary with one another.
b. Of a day, hour, etc.: Whole, entire, complete. Now colloq.
1718Prior Solomon ii. 729 Loose and undisciplin'd the Soldier lay; Or lost in Drink, and Game, the solid Day. 1884Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 16 Aug., The Queen kept her seven solid hours fitting on and trying the current fashions. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 420, I walked him up and down, with the rug on, for a solid hour.
10. a. Entirely of the same substance or material (as that specified); of (gold, etc., or a legitimate alloy) and nothing else.
The ‘material’ is not necessarily pure: the implication is of homogeneity rather than purity, so that, e.g., articles made of plate are excluded but not those made of an alloy.
1710Steele Tatler No. 179 ⁋6 The Wall toward the North is of solid Stone. 1722–7Boyer Dict. Royal ii, Solid Gold, de l'or massif. 1844Thirlwall Greece VIII. 63 The assertion that the gilded statues..were of solid gold. 1847J. Yeowell Anc. Brit. Church x. 101 [Severus] determined to build a wall of solid stone. 1874Stubbs Const. Hist. I. xi. 424 They were purchased with solid gold. 1910Jrnl. R. Soc. Arts LVIII. 260/2 There remained a mere film..like silver foil... That is, I believe, a fair example of the so-called ‘solid silver’ sold in our swell shops, with the aid of much electric light and many bowing salesmen. 1926J. P. De Castro Law & Practice of hall-marking Gold & Silver Wares i. 138 Though often legitimately used to differentiate between sterling silver and electro-plated silver, the expression ‘solid silver’ is frequently a much-abused term. 1962L. S. Sasieni Optical Dispensing i. 3 Solid gold is not necessarily pure gold, but is an alloy of pure gold with other metals. The unalloyed pure metal is known as fine gold. Ibid., The colour of solid gold can be varied by altering the proportions and the metals in the alloy. 1970Choate & De May Creative Gold- & Silversmithing ii. 10 Any karat gold is called solid gold to distinguish it from gold-filled metals. 1981Daily Tel. 24 Sept. 17 (Advt.), An absolutely perfect solid gold neckchain... These are not seconds or plated gold—but sound 9 carat gold!
ellipt.1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 308/1 What is termed ‘solid’, or gold jewellery of the better qualities.
b. Of colour: Of the same tone or shade throughout; uniform, self.
1883Evening Star (Washington) 31 Oct. 3/6 These solid browns, blacks, greens, reds, and, in fact, all these solid colors, are popular. 1885G. L. Goodale Physiol. Bot. 19 Yellow and Orange dyes. Solid yellow. 1894Outing XXIV. 181/1 The outside of the thighs down to the knees are in solid color.
c. U.S. Of liquor: Neat, undiluted.
1894Outing XXIV. 49/1 He always took his liquor solid..; he swallowed down two-thirds of a tumbler of raw Appleton rum.
11. Of persons, their constitution, etc.: Strong, healthy, sturdy.
1741Watts Improv. Mind i. xvi. (1801) 126 If persons of this make ever devote themselves to science, they should be well assured of a solid and strong constitution of body. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. i. iv. iv, He walks there, with solid step. 1893H. T. Cozens-Hardy Broad Norf. 68 ‘Solid, bor, solid!’ meaning in one's usual health.
III. 12. Of persons: a. Of sound scholarship or sober judgement in matters of learning or speculation.
1600B. Jonson Ev. Man out of Hum. Q iij b, A right⁓eyd and solide Reader may perceiue it was not so great a part of the Heauen awry, as they would make it. 1624Gataker Transubst. 48 Like an ingenuous solide author. 1665Bunyan Holy Citie (1669) 259 It makes them grave, knowing, solid Guides, and Unfolders of the Mysteries of the Kingdom. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. 84 This discourse of Guest shewing him to have been a solid and well-read man, I have transcribed from the original. 1847L. Hunt Men, Women, & B. II. xi. 282 He has by this time become a solid student in Butler. 1875T. Hill True Order Stud. 127 The two most solid thinkers upon these subjects.
b. Sober-minded, of reliable judgement, in practical matters; steady, sedate, staid.
1632Lithgow Trav. ii. 71 The solid, and sad man, is not troubled with the floods and ebbes of Fortune. 1670G. H. Hist. Cardinals iii. iii. 302 He is an excellent person,..of a good judgement, and solid, but something too resolute. a1691Fox Autobiogr. in Jrnl. (ed. Newman) 280, I..therefore desired none but solid, weighty Friends might be about me. 1724in Ramsay Tea-t. Misc. (1733) I. 36 O! as thou art bony, be solid and cany, And tent a true lover. 1760J. Woolman Jrnl. vii. (1898) 182 The hearts of some Solid Friends appeared to be united to discourage the practice amongst their members. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. i. iii. i, Now nothing but a solid phlegmatic M. de Vergennes sits there. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. III. xc. 247 Kearney throve because the solid classes despised him.
c. Sc. Fully possessed of the mental faculties; of sound mind, sane.
1606Sc. Acts, Jas. VI (1816) IV. 317/1 Scho tuk occasioun be his infirmitie and waik Judgement, he being than nocht so solide as wes necessar for the weill of his estait. 1822Galt Provost xxii, The heads of the town..no, may be, just so solid at the time as could have been wished. 1825Jamieson Suppl., Solid, sane..; used in a negative form, as, ‘He's no very solid’.
d. U.S. and dial. Financially sound or reliable; possessing capital, property, or means; well-to-do.
1788Jefferson Writ (1859) II. 443, I wish to see the beef-trade with America taken up by solid hands. 1799,1863in Thornton Amer. Gloss. a1904in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v., She's not poor, she's a solid woman.
13. a. Of qualities: Well founded or established; of real value or importance; substantial.
Freq. in the 17th and 18th centuries.
a1601Pasquil & Kath. (1878) iii. 99 The pressure of my haires..stands at the seruice of your sollide perfections. 1638Junius Paint. Ancients 122 The..solid joy conceived out of the absolutenesse of the worke. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 234 We shall see it a Mint of Solid worth, the good it hath..being inestimable. 1709Steele Tatler No. 29 ⁋1 Having a very solid Respect for humane Nature. 1753Fielding Amelia iii. xii, The cheerful, solid comfort which a fond couple enjoy in each other's conversation. 1843R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxii. 265 Many such portions may exist in the lungs together, without the least solid appearance of inflammation in the pulmonary substance. 1869Freeman Norm. Conq. (1875) III. 229 He undoubtedly owed William a debt of solid gratitude.
b. Of learning or knowledge.
1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. 372 Those persons of solid Learning. a1700Evelyn Diary 6 Jan. 1692, He dilated on his..solid knowledge in theology. 1711Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) III. 145 These two..are really Books of solid Learning. 1781Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry III. xxx. 211 She was entertained..with splendid banquets and much solid erudition. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. i. §1. 6 So essential to the reception and advancement of solid philosophical knowledge. 1882J. H. Blunt Ref. Ch. Eng. II. 125 He was a man of solid learning.
14. a. Of arguments, reasons, etc.: Having a sound or substantial foundation; based upon sound principles or indisputable facts.
1615W. Bedwell tr. Moham. Impost. ii. §87 He..will thus go on by way of solid demonstration. a1661Fuller Worthies (1840) III. 25 Having an excellent faculty in the clear and solid interpreting thereof. 1664J. Webb Stone-Heng (1725) 101 He can raise no solider an Argument against it. 1740Cheyne Regimen 305 There seems to be something solid, in one Observation Leibnitz makes. 1866Rogers Agric. & Prices I. xxiii. 603 Too little information..is given of the price of copper..for the purpose of attempting any solid inference as to the rise..in its value. 1894Solicitors' Jrnl. XXXIX. 3/1 If there were no solid defence to the claim, the plaintiff would certainly obtain his order.
b. Similarly of writings, discourse, etc.
1676Glanvill Ess. Philos. v. 27 The Book and Method of Veronius was kindly..approved by..all the Gallick Clergy, as solid. a1700Evelyn Diary (Chandos) 17 Of solid discourse, affable, humble, and in nothing affected. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. Pref. p. i, For the Church of England..have been written solid Apologies and Vindications. 1734Rollin's Anc. Hist. (1827) I. 60 A very solid treatise. 1881Nation (N.Y.) XXXII. 459 Of the other papers in the number, which is a ‘solid’ one.
15. Marked by, or involving, serious study or intention; not light, frivolous, or merely amusing.
1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. i. §186 Dr. Bancroft..disposed the clergy to a more solid course of study. 1648J. Beaumont Psyche xx. cxl, Scorn light fond Accents, and reserve thine Ear For those which solid Musick's sweets distil. 1700T. Brown tr. Fresny's Amusem. v. Wks. 1709 III. i. 46 There's as much difference between their Rhimes and solid Verse, as [etc.]. 1736Gentl. Mag. VI. 315/1 The most amiable Genius is That, which, embracing the most solid Arts, excludes not the Polite ones. 1827Scott Surg. Dau. Pref., I doubt there is little solid in his studies—poetry and plays,..all nonsense. 1845W. A. Butler in Serm. (1849) Mem. p. xxxvii, Romances debauch the taste for solid reading. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. III. lxxx. 59 In other countries statesmen or philosophers do..the solid thinking for the bulk of the people.
16. Of judgement, etc.: Of a sober, sound, or practical character.
1662J. Davies tr. Mandelslo's Trav. 95 The Queen, who was a woman of a solid judgement. 1683D. A. Art of Converse 12 They shall never please solid judgments. 1718Pope Iliad xv. 322 Not more in councils famed for solid sense, Than winning words and heavenly eloquence. 1805A. Knox Rem. (1834) I. 31 He who is apparently cold in affection may have solider judgment, and steadier resolution. 1825Scott Betrothed Introd., The assistance of men of reading and of solid parts. 1868Milman St. Paul's iv. 92 Hallam has said, with his usual solid wisdom [etc.].
17. Marked or characterized by a high degree of religious fervour or seriousness.
Used esp. by the Society of Friends.
1740Whitefield in Life & Jrnls. (1756) 436 Preached in the Afternoon to about two Thousand, and have not seen a more solid melting..since my Arrival. 1757Woolman Jrnl. iv. (1898) 123 At the twelfth hour the meeting for worship began, which was a solid meeting. 1769Ibid. x. 259 We had some solid Conversation, under which I felt myself bowed in reverence before the Most High.
18. Thorough, downright, vigorous, etc. Used with intensive force and freq. strengthened by good, right, etc.
1830Galt Lawrie T. iii. ii. (1849) 87, I never..had a right solid sound sleep in one. 1873Burton Hist. Scot. V. lvi. 119 England was to strike the one solid blow that was necessary. 1888Stevenson Black Arrow 112 Swear your innocency with a good solid oath. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 294 Feeling sure that for good solid murderous rascality several of my old Fan acquaintances..would take a lot of beating.
19. Austral. and N.Z. slang. Severe, difficult; unfair.
1916C. J. Dennis Moods of Ginger Mick 155 Solid, severe; severely. 1943N. Marsh Colour Scheme ii. 35 You'd think it was royalty. They've been making it pretty solid for everybody down there. Hauling everything out and shifting us all round. 1948R. Park Harp in South v. 62 After all, Auntie Josie's got all them kids to look after. It must be pretty solid for her with Grandma as well. 1959E. Lambert Glory thrown In 66 They'll be solid on him for that, won't they?
20. U.S. slang. In the language of jazz: excellent, first-rate, ‘great’; (see also quot. 1937). Also as int. solid sender: see sender d.
1935Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Nov. 38/1 He puts a solid man like Joe on suitcase. 1937Amer. Speech XII. 182/2 Solid, describes a player whose improvisation indicates that he is en rapport with the rhythm of the band... A band that is solid has a psychic unanimity of feeling. 1943N.Y. Times 9 May ii. 5/4 There has [sic] been some solid trumpet players who can really send. 1959‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene xii. 220 The hipster classifies what other people would call good as ‘solid’ or ‘in there’. 1978W. Hjortsberg Falling Angel (1979) xii. 54 ‘Park your axe and have a drink.’ ‘Solid.’ He placed his saxophone case carefully on the table.
IV. quasi-adv.
21. a. Solidly, firmly, completely, etc.; certainly, surely.
A number of dial. uses are given in the Eng. Dial. Dict.
1651Davenant Gondibert ii. vi, Glory, too solid great to taste of pride. 1683Moxon Mech. Exerc., Printing xxiv. ⁋19 White Pages..make the Heap lower in that place, because they clap solider together. 1937Amer. Speech XII. 232/2 ‘Are you taking Amelia to the Charcoal Dance?’ ‘I solid am.’ 1944Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 5 Oct. 6/3 Dowdy [said] he was going to leave, whereupon the Bayer woman said she'd kill him if he did... Dowdy told her that ‘You'll solid have to kill me.’ 1946Mezzrow & Wolf Really Blues xii. 226 Not looking for trouble but solid ready for it. 1950L. Hughes Simple speaks his Mind xx. 108 Man, if I had a rocket plane, I would rock off into space and be solid gone. Gone. Real gone! I mean gone!
b. In a body or as a whole; unanimously. In phrases with reference to voting, esp. to go solid (for or against some thing or person).
(a)1884Pall Mall G. 9 July 3/1 The episcopal vote..was cast solid for the Government. 1884Sat. Rev. 5 July 1/1 The Government majority has not been in the habit of voting solid with Mr. Goschen lately. 1893Times 22 Apr., For a party to vote solid for a measure in which not 10 per cent. of its members believe.
(b)1888Bryce Amer. Commw. I. x. 131 The party going solid for whomsoever the majority has approved. 1891Sat. Rev. 24 Jan. 91/2 The fleet seems to have gone almost solid against him.
c. to book solid: to sell all the tickets of (a theatre, cinema, etc.). Usu. in pass. Also absol.
1916Variety 27 Oct. 12/1 The Boston opera house is booked solid until March. 1921Kinematograph Monthly Rec. Feb. 4 So many individual exhibitors are refusing to book ‘solid’. 1955M. Allingham Beckoning Lady vii. 105, I told him the show was booked solid. 1967N. Marsh Death at Dolphin ix. 234 We're booked out solid for another four months.
d. Of time: consecutively, without a break.
1938M. Allingham Fashion in Shrouds xx. 379 I've had forty-eight hours solid and I'm no longer intelligent. 1964L. Deighton Funeral in Berlin xlii. 270 He'll be out for eight hours solid.
22. In special collocations: solid angle (Math.), † (a) a vertex of a three-dimensional body; (b) a quantity associated with a vertex or the like in three dimensions, being proportional to the fraction of a sphere centred on it which would subtend it, and conventionally measured in steradians, of which 4π make up the whole sphere; solid balsam, Balsam of Tolu; solid circuit (Electronics) = integrated circuit s.v. integrated ppl. a. b; solid diffusion, migration of atoms within the crystal lattice of a solid; spec. in Geol., considered as a possible mechanism for a metasomatizing process in rock masses; solid dig, (see quot.); solid fuel, fuel that is solid, rather than liquid or gaseous; spec. (a) coal, coke, etc., as opposed to oil, gas, or electricity for domestic heating; (b) as used in rocketry; freq. attrib.; hence solid-fuelled adj. (esp. of rockets); solid geology, the geological features of a given region specifically excluding superficial deposits such as clay, sand, etc.; opp. drift; solid injection, in diesel engines, the use of a mechanical pump to spray fuel into the cylinder at high pressure, without the use of compressed air; = airless injection; solid key, solid rib, solid shoot, solid shot (see quots.); solid solution, a solid phase consisting of two or more substances uniformly mixed in proportions that can be varied; also, the state of being a constituent of such a phase; solid stowing (Coal Mining), the process of filling abandoned workings with solid material, esp. spoil; solid system (Electr. Engin.), a system of cable-laying in which insulated cables are laid in a trough which is then filled with bitumen; solid tyre, a tyre made of solid rubber, with no pneumatic cavity; so solid-tyred adj., fitted with such tyres. See also bastion 1, newel1 1, square n.
1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, *Solid Angle, is an Angle made by the meeting of three or more Planes, and those joining in a Point. 1798C. Hutton Course in Math. I. 327 Similar Solids, contained by plane figures, are such as have all their solid angles equal..and are bounded by the same number of similar planes. 1814P. Barlow New Math. & Philos. Dict. s.v., Solid angles may be computed and compared with each other, as to quantity, by considering the angular point as the centre of a sphere, and the portion of its surface intercepted between the bounding planes as the measure of the angles. 1820N. J. Larkin Introd. Solid Geom. 5 [The tetrahedron] differs from every other solid, whose faces are all equal, by having a solid angle opposite to each face. 1928Bureau Standards Jrnl. Res. (U.S.) I. 34 The integrals are to be evaluated..over the surface of a hemisphere (solid angle 2π). 1948Research I. 394/2 Substances..similar to a black body radiating in a solid angle of 2π.
1836Pharm. R. Coll. Physicians 5 Tolu Balsam, the *solid Balsam.
1958Proc. Internat. Symp. Electronic Components, Malvern, 1957 4 The increasing tempo of work on solid state physics may result in *solid circuits of another form. 1961Solid-State Electronics II. 20/1 Work on solid circuits was begun in the United Kingdom in 1956... The objective is..the fabrication of working circuits using doping, shaping and other techniques in single crystals of silicon. 1966New Scientist 30 June 846/3 (caption) Solid-circuit amplifier. The chip measures 0·075 × 0·075 in and contains 30 resistors and 30 transistors.
1913Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1912 367 The question whether true *solid diffusion ever occurs in minerals is very difficult to answer. 1947Geol. Mag. LXXXIV. 218 More recent work has shown that such transformations are most easily explained as a result of solid diffusion. 1965P. C. Badgley Structural & Tectonic Princ. ix. 346 The advocates of solid diffusion propose..large-scale granitization of country rocks without the presence of contemporary magmatic granites in the district.
1888Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 128 *Solid dig, a lean or bad ‘take’ of copy.
1891H. J. Phillips Fuels 1 Determining the value of a *solid fuel such as coal, coke, or patent fuel. 1936Archit. Rev. LXXX. 45/1 In electric fires, Tudor and Adam surrounds flourished, and some characteristics of the traditional solid-fuel fireplace were introduced into the designs. 1952E. Burgess Rocket Propulsion ii. 38 Most British war rockets employed cordite, whereas America used ballistite for their solid-fuel rockets. 1960Which? Jan. 7/2 In general..the most economic fuels are solid fuel and oil. 1971P. J. McMahon Aircraft Propulsion x. 295 The most important factors which have led to the increase in interest in solid fuel rockets in recent years..have been concerned with the convenience and ease of storage of the solid propellants. 1979H. McLeave Borderline Case xiv. 145 Who had cached these..boots, solid-fuel heater, and two sleeping bags?
1958Economist 13 Dec. 985/2 Work is likely to continue on the Titan as a reinforcement for the Atlas..until the *solid-fuelled Minuteman is ready some years hence. 1972Nature 21 Apr. 368/3 The decision to use a solid fuelled disposable booster for the proposed space shuttle effectively limits the number of possible launch sites to Cape Kennedy and Vandenberg Air Force Base.
1937J. S. Flett First 100 Yrs. Geol. Survey Gt. Brit. v. 113 Many maps of north Yorkshire were issued only with ‘*Solid’ geology. 1946L. D. Stamp Britain's Structure & Scenery iv. 30 Following the practice of the Geological Survey in some of their detailed maps, there are to be two maps—one to show the ‘solid’ geology as it would appear if superficial deposits such as boulder clay, glacial sands and gravels and clay-with-flints..were removed and the other to show the ‘drift’ geology with all those surface deposits indicated. 1970Watsonia VIII. 171 A map of the ‘drift’ as well as the solid geology would have been valuable.
1915A. P. Chalkley Diesel Engines for Land & Marine Work (ed. 4) iii. 122 *Solid injection is now being employed with a large number of engines installed in British submarines. 1936[see cold starting s.v. cold a. 19]. 1969J. Flack et al. Marine Combustion Practice ii. v. 154 Airless or solid injection superseded the blast system... Mechanically operated injectors have given way in their turn to automatic injectors.
1862Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 6105, The key is what is called ‘*solid’, that is, that the ‘bits’ or ‘steps’ are cut on the solid metal of the ‘web’.
1782Monro Compar. Anat. (ed. 3) 167 The eight upper ribs were formerly classed into pairs, with particular names to each two, to wit, the crooked, the *solid [etc.].
1842Gwilt Archit. Gloss. 1033 *Solid Shoot [= Square Shoot, a wooden trough for discharging water from a building].
1876Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict. 393/2 *Solid Shot, projectiles made of solid iron or steel.
1890Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LVIII. 1044 As instances of *solid solutions, we have isomorphous mixtures and mixed crystals, amorphous solutions, as in the case of the glasses and certain minerals; and then such cases as the solution of hydrogen by palladium and other metals. 1900Proc. R. Soc. LXVII. 109 Silver and copper are each capable of holding a small percentage of the other in solid solution, but..if both metals are present in considerable amounts, the two solidified solutions exist side by side. 1964H. Hodges Artifacts xix. 215 In brasses containing less than 36% zinc a solid solution, the α-phase, is formed in which the zinc atoms enter the space lattice of the copper. 1977A. Hallam Planet Earth 119 Such a series is called a solid solution series, and all members have the same crystalline structure.
1929Trans. Inst. Mining Engineers LXXVI. 258 *Solid stowing of the goaf is universal, and in most cases consists of dry stowing done by hand. 1964Times Rev. Industry Feb. 48/3 The industry in this area has pioneered a method of dealing with subsidence known as ‘solid stowing’ in which colliery spoil is dampened and blown under pressure into abandoned seams. 1977Down & Stocks Environmental Impact of Mining xii. 313 Solid stowing reduces a [sc. the ‘subsidence factor’] to about 0·4–0·5.
1891Electr. Engineer 30 Jan. 121/2 In the Callender *Solid system the insulated cables are laid in an iron trough and the whole filled in solid with melted bitumen. 1898[see built ppl. a. 1 b]. 1920Whittaker's Electr. Engineer's Pocket-bk. (ed. 4) 352 The B.O.T. raise no objection to the omission of the copper tape on unarmoured cables laid on the solid system; a great deal of such cable is in use without any leakage trouble. 1953C. C. Barnes Power Cables xv. 154 The solid system is more expensive than burying cables direct in the ground and requires a greater measure of skilled supervision and favourable weather conditions... For the above reasons the solid system is seldom used today.
1891Bicycling News 31 Jan. 77/1 Given a *solid tyre..it will be found that about one half of its diameter is available for tractive and cushioning purposes. 1895G. B. Shaw Let. 6 Aug. (1965) I. 540 It would be a bad machine even of its own kind, the art of building for solid tyres being a decaying one. 1946W. H. Crouse Automobile Engin. xxvii. 572 Solid tires have very limited usage, their use being confined largely to specialized industrial applications.
1891*Solid-tyred [see pneumatic n. 3 a]. 1963Bird & Hutton-Stott Veteran Motor Car 17 A horizontal⁓engined, twin-cylinder, chain-driven, solid-tyred ‘dog⁓cart’ was in production by the end of the year.
23. Comb.
a. Forming parasynthetic adjs., as solid-billed, solid-browed, solid-coloured, solid-headed, etc. Also solid-fuelled (see sense 22), -tyred (see sense 22).
c1611Chapman Iliad viii. 323 When to the solid-ported depths of hell his sonne was sent. 1854Orr's Circle Sci., Org. Nat. I. 239 The ruminants of the deer and elk tribes are those which have antlers, or are ‘solid-horned’. 1862Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 6112, Solid-headed pins. 1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. I. i. 13 A gentleman—solid-browed, stiff and German. 1890Cent. Mag. May 50/1 The White and Black Leghorns are solid-colored birds. 1895Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. IV. 68 The beak of the solid-billed hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) has..a perfectly solid casque.
b. With pples., as solid-looking, solid-seeming, solid-set; also solid-full adj.; solid-drawn a., made or shaped by deep drawing (see deep a. IV. c).
1888Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Terms 335 The copper piping for feed, bilge, blow-off, and similar purposes in connection with marine engines..are all solid drawn. 1909F. W. Raynes Domestic Sanitary Engin. & Plumbing vii. 167 Solid drawn lead pipes have many advantages as soil pipes. 1966A. W. Lewis Gloss. Woodworking Terms 47 Best-quality brass hinges are ‘solid drawn’ because they are made by the leaf and the tube for the knuckle being drawn out in a long solid strip which is then cut off into lengths.
1887Goode, etc. Fisheries U.S. v. II. 579 They hove their dredges,..and when they hauled them in, found them solid-full of scallops.
1840Poe in Graham's Mag. Dec. 268/1 These were known by their coats and pantaloons of black or brown..with white cravats and waistcoats, broad solid-looking shoes, and thick hose.
1883Huxley Pract. Biol. 23 A roundish more solid-looking particle.
1831Carlyle Sart. Res. i. viii, This so solid-seeming World. 1877E. R. Conder Basis of Faith ii. 81 The solid-seeming rock is beheld as a flexible..collection of molecules.
1850Tennyson In Mem. Concl. iv, Like a statue solid-set, And moulded in colossal calm.
c. With ns., forming attributive compounds, as solid-colour, solid-ink, solid-propellant, etc. solid-shot U.S. (see quot. 1949).
1883Stationer & Bookseller 8 May 35 Solid-ink Fountain Pens.
1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl., Solid Plate Saw, a circular saw made of a single plate, as distinguished from a segment saw. 1891Cent. Dict., Solid-color porcelains.
1946Jrnl. Brit. Interplanetary Soc. VI. 45 The missile is driven by a solid-propellant rocket unit. 1961Solid-propellant [see apogee 4]. 1982Navy News Mar. 18/3 The missiles would be accelerated from rest by two solid⁓propellant boosters.
1935Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 25 July 1/5 ‘Solid shot’ votes are within the law in primaries as well as in general elections. 1949Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 25 Nov. 4/5 Under the ‘solid-shot’ method a voter casts his ballot for a single candidate when two or more persons are to be elected to the same office.
1897Outing XXX. 350/1 The club won a handsome solid-silver cup at Long Branch.
1906E. Johnston Writing and Illuminating xii. 213 A solid-stem pattern cuts up the ground into small pieces. 1961B.S.I. News July 23/2 Solid-stem calorimeter thermometers. |