| 释义 |
consistory|ˈkɒnsɪstərɪ, kənˈsɪstərɪ|
Forms: α. 4–7 consistorie, 4–5 -cistorie, (-sistoire, Gower), 6 -systorie, -y(e, 5– consistory; β. 4 constorie, -ry, 5 constere, -stery, -stri, 6 -stre, -stry, (conystre).
[a. ONF. consistorie = Central F. consistoire (Pr. consistori, It. consistorio), ad. L. consistōrium, f. consistĕre: see consist v. and -ory. The original meaning in L. was ‘standing-place’, ‘waiting-room’, whence ‘meeting-place of the emperor's council, the emperor's cabinet’. The original Eng. pronunciation was consiˈstorie, whence ˈconsistorie, syncopated in ME. ˈconstorie, ˈconstrie.]
I. Non-ecclesiastical senses.
†1. A place where councillors meet, a council-chamber. (Almost always as a translation of the corresponding French or L. word, and never applied to anything English.) Obs.
c1320Seuyn Sag. 156 (W.) The seuen wise..That child ladde to consistorie, That is a stede withinne Rome, Ther men makes wise dome. 1382Wyclif Esther v. 1 And he [the king] sat vp on his see, in the constorie [1388 consistorie, Vulg. in consistorio palatii; 1611 royal house] of the paleis. 1598Florio, Concistorio, a consistorie, or a councell house. 1637Heywood Dial. x. 217, I next prepare the Consistorie, Whereas the Deities in all their glory, Appoint their meetings. 1756Nugent Gr. Tour, France IV. 241 The hall called the great consistory [in Toulouse].
fig.a1555Latimer Serm. & Rem. (1845) 205 If thou wilt inquire his counsels, and enter into his consistory, thy wit will deceive thee. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, ii. ii. 151 My other selfe, my Counsailes Consistory, My Oracle, My Prophet.
2. A meeting of councillors, a council: spec. that of the Roman Emperors; so, poetically of the Olympian deities, etc. Obs. exc. Hist. or poet.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iv. 37 In Consistorie a-mong þe Grekes soone He..sette hym þere as he was woned to done. 1503Hawes Examp. Virt. iv. 42 The chaumbre where she held her consystory. 1660Willsford Scales Comm. A iij, This noble Consistory of Senators. 1671Milton P.R. i. 40 In mid air To council summons all his mighty peers..A gloomy consistory. 1703Pope Thebais 285 At Jove's assent, the deities around In solemn state the consistory crown'd. 1766H. Walpole Lett. conc. Rousseau ii. 148 Your set of literary friends..hold a consistory to consult how to argue with a madman. 1805Wordsw. Prelude x. Wks. (1889) 313/1 Creatures of one ethereal substance met In consistory. 1850Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) I. v. 231 Jupiter and Apollo..were recognized in the consistory of the Gallic deities.
†b. fig. A council; as the source of decrees or determinations, the seat of authority. Obs.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VI. 33 Out of þe concistorie of Goddis riȝtwisnesse com a decree. 1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) iv. xxix. 327 In the consystorye of the blessed trynyte is determyned irreuocably that it us behoueth all to dye. 1613W. Browne Brit. Past. (1772) I. i. i. 21 In heaven's consistory 'twas decreed. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. iv. 124 All the imperate motions of our wills issuing forth from the same consistory.
†3. A court of judgement; a tribunal. Obs.
c1386Chaucer Doctor's T. 162 This false Iuge..As he was wont sat in his Consistorie And yaf his doomes. 1566Painter Pal. Pleas. I. 22 Being come to the consistorie, where Appius set in iudgement, Claudius began to tell a tale and processe of the cause. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. vii. (Arb.) 166 The graue iudges Areopagites..in their consistorie of Iustice. 1685Baxter Paraphr. N.T. Matt. ix. 18 A Ruler of one of their lesser Judicatures or Consistories came.
†4. A court, a company surrounding a throne, as in heavenly consistory, c. of saints and martyrs.
c1440J. Capgrave St. Kath. 450 Bryng vs, lorde, to þi hevynly concistory. 15..Hours Bless. Virgin 93 All the heavenly consistorie Thee..Do worship. 1641Milton Reform. i. (1851) 26 This holy man with all the whole Consistorie of Saints and Martyrs that liv'd of old.
†5. A standing-place, a station. Obs. rare. [So L. consistōrium.]
1592Nashe P. Penilesse (Shaks. Soc.) 79 The spirits of the fire have their mansions under the regions of the moone..their proper consistorie, from whence they cannot start.
II. Ecclesiastical senses.
6. The ecclesiastical senate in which the Pope, presiding over the whole body of Cardinals, deliberates upon the affairs of the church. Also, a meeting of this body.
1393Gower Conf. I. 257 The pope..He bare it stille in his memoire, Till he cam to the consistoire. 1579Fenton Guicciard. v. (1599) 195 Declared by the Pope, with the iustification of the consistory, Duke of Romania. 1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, ii. iv. 92 Warranted By a Commission from the Consistorie, Yea, the whole Consistorie of Rome. 1641Milton Reform. i. (1851) 17 The Pope himselfe..performeth all Ecclesiasticall jurisdiction as in Consistory amongst his Cardinals. 1710Steele Tatler No. 10 ⁋7 The Pope has lately held two other Consistories, wherein he made a Promotion of two Cardinals. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. II. vii. 149 His Holiness said that he would deliberate upon the appeal with the consistory. 1885Catholic Dict. 217/1 The ordinary meetings of the consistory, held about one a fortnight, are secret; they are usually, but not invariably, presided over by the Pope. Public consistories are held from time to time..in them the resolutions the Pope has arrived at in secret consistory are announced.
7. A bishop's court for ecclesiastical causes, and offences dealt with by ecclesiastical law; the diocesan court, held by the chancellor or commissary of the diocese.
Formerly a court of great importance, having jurisdiction in matrimonial cases, questions of divorce, wills, administration, tithes, general ecclesiastical and moral discipline; now having authority only over ecclesiastics.
a1307Sat. Consistory Crts. in Pol. Songs (Camd.) 159 Ant seththe y go coure at constory..Seththen y pleide at bishopes plee. c1325Poem on Edw. II, 200 ibid. 332 If a man have a wif, and he ne love hire noht, Bringe hire to the constorie..he shal ben to-parted so faire as he wole bidde from his wif. 1362Langland P. Pl. A. iii. 137 Heo þat ben Curset in Constorie counteþ hit not at a Russche; For heo Copeþ þe Comissarie and Coteþ þe Clerkes. 1426Audelay Poems 39 Thai to here constri hom to here court call. 1503–4Yatton Church-w. Acc. in Somerset Rec. Soc. (1890) 127 For syting of Emot Thurban and Rych. Wamperfyld to y⊇ Conystre. 1577Harrison England ii. ix. (1877) i. 199. 1591 Lambarde Archeion (1635) 11 The Consistorie, holden by his Commissarie at Canterbury, for his owne Diocesse. 1642Jer. Taylor Episc. (1647) 85 Titus was also made a Bishop by the Apostles. S. Paul also was his ordainer..His worke was..to constitute rites and formes of publike Liturgy, to erect a Consistory for cognisance of causes criminall. 1726Ayliffe Parerg. 191 Tribunals..which in the Phrase of the Canon Law, are called Consistories. 1875Stubbs Const. Hist. III. 346 The archbishops in their prerogative courts, the bishops in their consistories, the archdeacons in some cases..exercised jurisdiction in all these matters. 1885Catholic Dict. 217/1 Before the Reformation every English Bishop had his consistory, composed of some of the leading clergy of the diocese, presided over by his chancellor.
b. The place where this court is held.
1577Harrison England ii. ix. (1877) i. 210 The second daie..the court of audience of Canturburie is kept in the consistorie in Paules in the forenoone. 1641Termes de la Ley 77 Consistory is the Counsell house of Ecclesiasticall persons. 1645E. Pagitt Heresiogr. (1661) 45.
c. fig.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. Prol. 99 Drede is at þe laste Lest crist in constorie acorse ful manye. 1591Troub. Raigne K. John (1611) 28 This heart that choller keepes a consistorie, Searing my inwards with a brand of hate. 1640Sir E. Dering Carmelite (1641) 55, I..leave you to the consistory of your own conscience. a1716South (J.), Christ himself, in that great consistory, shall deign to step down from his throne.
8. In the Lutheran Church, a board of clerical officers, local, provincial or national, usually appointed by the sovereign, and charged with the supervision of ecclesiastical affairs. Its constitution and relations to other parts of the ecclesiastical administration vary greatly in different Lutheran states.
The name was retained from the bishop's consistory of pre-reformation times, of which this board retained more or less of the functions. The first consistorium was formed in Saxony in 1542; they were established in Protestant Germany generally in 1587.
1698J. Crull Muscovy 88 The Ecclesiastical Government is..administred by a Consistory and a Superintendent. 1882–3Schaff Encycl. Rel. Knowl. II. 1217 When a consistorial constitution was established, the consistory stepped adroitly into the shoes of the bishop [in Germany].
9. In the Reformed, Genevan, or Presbyterian polity, a court of presbyters; in Switzerland, Holland, and the Reformed Churches of America, corresponding to the kirk-session in Scotland; in France, now, that of a larger area, corresponding to a presbytery. The term was also familiar in England in the ecclesiastical discussions and changes of the 16th and 17th centuries.
a1593H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 447 At that time no deacons were chosen, nor consistories of elders erected. a1600Hooker Eccl. Pol. vii. xxiii. §11 If one convented before their consistories, when he standeth to make his answer, etc. 1692Quick Synodicon p. xxx. (Discipl. Reformed Ch. France ch. v. The Consistory Canon i), In every Church there shall be a Consistory made up of those who govern it, to-wit of its Pastors and Elders, and in this Assembly as well as in all other Church-Assemblies, the Pastors are of right to be Presidents. Ibid. p. xxxvii. (Colloquies Canon iv), As Consistories are subject and subordinate unto Colloquies, so are Colloquies unto the authority of Provincial Synods. a1693Abp. Sancroft Serm. 18 (L.), I left thee; thee, a single person; not a consistory of presbyters, or a bench of elders. 1839James Louis XIV, IV. 68 The consistory and synods were restricted in their functions, and rendered less frequent. 1873Morley Rousseau II. 105 The consistory, composed mainly of a body of peasants, entirely bound to their minister in matters of religion, cited him to appear.
10. attrib. (in senses 6–9.)
1526–7Yatton Church-w. Acc. in Somerset Rec. Soc. (1890) 127 For withdrawyng y⊇ constre cowrte. 1552Lyndesay Monarche 5762 Officialis, with thare Constry [v.r. consistorie] Clerkis. 1561Reg. St. Andrews Kirk Sess. (1889) I. 78 Thei summond hym to compeir befoyr tham in the consistorie hows. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. 64 The consistory court of every diocesan bishop is held in their several cathedrals for the trial of..ecclesiastical causes. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. vi. (L.), The Archidiaconal Courts, the Consistory Courts, the Court of Arches, the Court of Peculiars, and the Court of Delegates were revived. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. I. ii. 123 The small iniquities of the consistory courts had shaken the popular faith. |