| 释义 |
radiative, a.|ˈreɪdɪətɪv|
[f. as radiate v. + -ive.]
a. Pertaining to, connected with, radiation; having the quality of radiating. Also, occurring by means of radiation; involving or accompanied by the emission of radiation.
1837Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. (1857) II. 383 In this manner the radiative effect of a body could be more precisely traced. 1870Tyndall Heat xi. §453. 343 Showing the superior radiative power of this gas over air. 1889Nature 28 Nov. 81 Our own sun falls nearly as far short of the radiative strength of Arcturus. 1894Mem. R. Astron. Soc. LI. 145 There are two causes affecting the distribution of density, which respectively cease at different known points, namely, convection at a uniform distribution, and unequal radiative cooling at the distribution given on p. 144. 1930Proc. R. Soc. A. CXXIX. 2 Radiative transitions in the nucleus resulting in the emission of a γ-ray. 1934Nature 10 Feb. 211/1 The energy of these rays corresponds roughly to that which would be emitted in the radiative combination of a neutron and a proton. 1958New Scientist 16 Jan. 14/1 A radiative heat loss due to this process (technically known as bremsstrahlung radiation) is thus an unavoidable feature of a thermonuclear reactor. 1973W. K. Rose Astrophysics ii. 63 The transport of energy in the interior of a star can be caused by radiative transport, convection, or electron conduction. 1977J. Narlikar Struct. Universe ii. 29 The star therefore is no longer completely convective, and it develops a ‘radiative core’. That is, the energy transport in the core takes place by radiation rather than convection.
b. radiative capture, capture of a particle by an atomic nucleus with accompanying emission of one or more gamma rays; radiative equilibrium, a state of equilibrium in which the total energy flux emitted is equal to that absorbed; a state of equilibrium in which radiation is the predominant energy transport mechanism.
1926A. S. Eddington Internal Constitution of Stars v. 99 Radiative equilibrium has a natural precedence over convective equilibrium, since in radiative equilibrium convection ceases, whereas in convective equilibrium radiation remains and tends to destroy it. 1934D. Brunt Physical & Dynamical Meteorol. vii. 138 It is impossible for the upper region of the atmosphere to be kept in an isothermal condition by radiative equilibrium when it is only irradiated from below by long-wave radiation. 1935Physical Rev. XLVII. 508/1 (heading) Radiative capture of protons by carbon. 1953B. Strömgren in G. P. Kuiper Sun ii. 40 In regions in radiative equilibrium, i.e., where the transport of energy..is entirely by radiation, the transport by convection and conduction being negligible by comparison, the temperature gradient is given by equation (4a). 1962Newnes Conc. Encycl. Nuclear Energy 287/1 In radiative capture the compound nucleus de-excites through intermediate states to the ground state, each step yielding a γ-ray.
Hence ˈradiatively adv., by means of (esp. electromagnetic) radiation; with emission of radiation.
1957F. Hoyle Black Cloud ix. 177 The volume of information that can be transmitted radiatively is enormously greater than the amount that we can communicate by ordinary sound. 1969Nature 16 Aug. 727/1 The permitted lines are probably radiatively excited from the lowest levels. 1973Physics Bull. Apr. 243/1 The introduction of thallium into the crystal allows the exciton to decay radiatively by luminescence. |