| 释义 |
congratulate, v.|kənˈgrætjʊleɪt|
[f. L. congrātulāt- ppl. stem of congrātulā-rī in same sense, f. con- together + grātulārī to manifest or express one's joy: cf. F. congratuler (14th c. in Littré; now somewhat archaic).]
†1. intr. To rejoice along with another; to express to a person one's pleasure or gratification at his good fortune, success, or happiness. Const. with the person, for, on the thing. In later use congratulate with = congratulate trans., sense 4. Obs.
1577–87Holinshed Scot. Chron. (1806) II. 252 The governor therefore, to congratulate with the earl for his return, restored unto him the chancellorship. 1598Florio, Congratulare, to congratulate, to reioice togither. 1609Bible (Douay) Luke i. 58 And they congratulated with her. 1619Doncaster Let. in Eng. & Germ. (Camd. Soc.) 201 If his Maty shall command me to returne to Francfurt to congratulate with King Ferdinand when he shall be elected King of the Romans. 1647Cromwell Let. 14 Sept. (Carlyle), Occasion as to congratulate so abundantly to rejoice in God's gracious dispensation unto you and by you. 1732Swift Let. to Gay Wks. 1761 VIII. 133, I congratulate with you for losing your great acquaintance. 1777Watson Philip II 1793 II. xviii. 415 An ambassador had been sent to congratulate with the Duke on this desirable event. 1820J. Talbot in Parr's Wks. (1828) VII. 26 Many who will congratulate with you upon the addition of another year to [your] venerable age. 1824Lamb Let. to Barton 24 Mar., I therefore most sincerely congratulate with you.
†2. trans. To express sympathetic joy on the occasion of; to express joy, pleasure, or satisfaction at (an event or circumstance). Obs.
1577–87Holinshed Scot. Chron. (1806) II. 272 Wherefore ambassadors were sent from the queen regent to Philip and Marie to congratulate their marriage. 1597Daniel Civ. Wares ii. 64 (R.) To see So many hands and hearts congratulate Th' advancement of his long-desir'd degree. 1664Marvell Corr. Wks. 1872– 5 II. 161, I congratulate the happiness of your kingdom. 1688Bp. Thomas in Gutch Coll. Cur. I. 332, I thank you for your congratulating my recovery. 1711Steele Spect. No. 168 ⁋2, I send you this to congratulate your late Choice of a Subject. 1766Gibbon Decl. & F. I. v. 93 The obsequious assembly congratulated their own and the public felicity. 1789Mrs. Piozzi Journ. France II. 226 Verses and sonnets..congratulated our wedding-day. 1805W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. III. 512 The friends of liberty came to congratulate his arrival. 1819Hazlitt Polit. Ess. 88 Mr. Southey..congratulates the successes of the son.
†b. To express such joy by some significant act; to celebrate with. Obs.
1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. ii. 2 You are most hartily welcome, and I..to congratulate your comming, will impart vnto you the substance and effect therof in as few words as I can. 1614Bp. Hall Recollect. Treat. 289, I desired to congratulate your happy Returne with some worthy present. 1636Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1825) I. 187 The ships congratulated his election with a volley of great shot. a1661Fuller Worthies (1840) II. 415 The university of Oxford congratulated his birth with printed poems.
†c. Const. to, unto, the person, also with indirect obj. (dat.). Obs.
1607Schol. Disc. agst. Antichr. i. iii. 143 They may congratulate to themselues the warme side they walke in. 1641J. Jackson True Evang. T. iii. 228 These are blessings which..all our friends have congratulated unto us. 1676Dryden Aurengz. Ded., The Subjects of England may justly congratulate to themselves that both..our Government, and..our King secure us from any such Complaint. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. vii. 106 Should I not..congratulate you this so great happiness..befallen you. Ibid., Congratulate England her felicity and her Queen. 1710R. Ward Life H. More 59 To whom he heartily congratulated such Dignities.
†d. Const. with the person. Obs.
1618Marquis of Buckingham in Fortescue Papers 49 To congratulate with him the rendring of that town. 1654H. Lestrange Chas. I (1655) 136 An Ambassador..sent to congratulate with their Majesties, the happy birth of their second Daughter. 1705Bp. Patrick Comm. 2 Kings x. 15 Who..came..to congratulate with him his happiness in fulfilling God's commands.
†3. To rejoice at (a thing); to hail. Obs.
1622Donne Serm. Lam. iv. 20 Whosoever..hath lamented a danger and then congratulated a deliverance, he will provide against a relapse. 1741Richardson Pamela II. 286 See what Marriage and Repentance may bring a Man to! I heartily congratulate this Change.
4. To address (a person) with expressions of joy or satisfaction on an occasion considered fortunate; ‘to compliment upon any happy event’ (J.); to felicitate. Const. on, upon (formerly for), or with clause.
1548Hall Chron. 164 b, The enhabitauntes..sent to him messengers..thanking and congratulating him for his thither comming. 1611Bible 1 Chron. xviii. 10 Hee sent Hadoram his sonne to King Dauid..to congratulate [Heb. blesse] him, because hee had fought against Hadarezer. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xviii. (1675) 276 Eusebius..congratulated my Friend for his escape. 1667–8Pepys Diary 5 Mar., All the world..did congratulate me, and cry up my speech as the best thing they ever heard. 1700Dryden Fables, Pal. & Arc. iii. 730 The king in person..Comforts the sick, congratulates the sound. 1769Bp. Warburton Lett. (1809) 445 To congratulate him in having got well rid of [them]. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 8 Am I to congratulate an highwayman..who has broke prison, upon the recovery of his natural rights? 1840Macaulay Clive 49 Clive..congratulated them on the good fortune which had freed them from a tyrant. 1883G. Lloyd Ebb & Flow I. 27 Congratulating him about his success in the School of Art.
b. refl. To call or account oneself happy or fortunate in relation to some matter. (Same Const.)
1664H. More Myst. Iniq. i. 2 To congratulate our selves that we are neither Turks nor Papists. 1752Johnson Rambler No. 206 ⁋9 He often congratulated himself that he had none of that disgusting excellence, etc. 1796Burney Mem. Metastasio III. 45 Congratulating myself for the good fortune which has procured me such valuable friends. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xi. 79 We congratulated ourselves upon this.
c. absol. To offer congratulations.
1630J. Rous Diary (Camd.) 56 The Spanish embassador, coming to the King to congratulate, fell all along. a1800Cowper Ep. Protest. Lady, A stranger's purpose in these lays Is to congratulate and not to praise. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. iii. vi. iii, Mayor Pache, not prompt enough in denouncing these Pitt Plots, may congratulate about them now.
†5. To salute. Obs.
1578Thynne Perf. Ambass. Ep. Ded., But also desirous..to congratulate your Lordship with the tokens of my old vowed fidelitie. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. i. 93 It is the Kings most sweet pleasure and affection, to congratulate the Princesse at her Pauilion. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xxiv. (Arb.) 292 To congratulat and salute by giuing a becke with the head, or a bende of the bodie. 1611Tourneur Ath. Trag. ii. i, Hee is a Souldier..Let the Instruments Of warre congratulate his memorie.
†6. To offer or present by way of congratulation.
1632Lithgow Trav. vii. 304 To whose memory and prayse I am not able to Congratulate the least Commendations their Heroicke dispositions deserued at my hands. Ibid. x. 427 After Congratulating Complements, he being returned ashoar, dismissed the Burgers and their Arms. |