| 释义 |
compulsive, a. (n.)|kəmˈpʌlsɪv|
[ad. L. type *compulsīv-us, f. ppl. stem of compellĕre to compel: see -ive. Cf. mod.F. compulsif, -ive.]
A. adj.
1. a. Having the property of compelling; exercising compulsion; coercive; = compulsory a. 2.
1602Shakes. Ham. iii. iv. 86 When the compulsiue Ardure giues the charge. 1637R. Humfrey tr. St. Ambrose Pref., Rather rhetoricall and perswasive, then logicall and compulsive. 1646S. Bolton Arraignm. Err. 345 To make a man to put off his judgement by meer compulsive wayes. 1770Langhorne Plutarch (1879) II. 827/2 The violent and compulsive measures. 1873W. Balfour Establ. Princ. iv. 59 The power of the magistrate is compulsive.
†b. In physical sense: Having the quality of driving or forcing onward. Obs. rare—1.
1604Shakes. Oth. iii. iii. 454 The Ponticke Sea, Whose Icie Current, and compulsiue course, Neu'r keepes retyring ebbe. 1655Culpepper, etc. Riverius ix. vii. 265 The natural Motion of the Stomach is Compulsive towards the Guts.
†2. Caused by compulsion; compelled, forced, enforced; = compulsory a. 1. Obs.
1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xxi. §105 D. Fredericke his compulsiue brother in Law. 1659Milton Hirelings 33 Freed..from all compulsive tributes and taxes. 1771Junius Lett. lix. 307, I acknowledge an involuntary, compulsive assent to one very unpopular opinion. 1836M. J. Chapman Prometh. Bound in Blackw. Mag. XL. 723, I thus am yoked to this compulsive doom.
3. a. Psychol. Acting from, related to, or typical or suggestive of a compulsion (compulsion 2).
1902A. R. Defendorf Clin. Psychiatry 25 Compulsive ideas are those ideas which irresistibly force themselves into consciousness. 1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., Compulsive insanity, insanity in which imperative ideas, or obsessions, completely dominate the patient. 1954Koestler Invis. Writ. xvii. 196 He was a compulsive liar, and had a pathological craving for fame. 1957C. E. Buxton in E. Hilgard Introd. Psychol. (ed. 2) xx. 490/2 The compulsive personality is characterized by excessive cleanliness, orderliness, obstinacy and stinginess. In the extreme, behavior becomes repetitive and ritualistic. 1962Listener 1 Nov. 711/2 He became compulsive about time and always wore two watches. 1965D. M. Levy in G. E. Daniels New Perspectives in Psychoanalysis 249 Some tics are of a different variety..and are commonly referred to as compulsive movements.
b. Of a book, etc.: holding one's attention, as if by a compulsion.
1961John o'London's 4 May 506/4 This too is an outstandingly compulsive, perceptive and human book. 1962Listener 11 Jan. 104/1 Redmond Macdonogh's Five Days to Friday..proved compulsive listening.
B. as n.
1. Something that compels or tends to compel. (Cf. dissuasive, etc.) Obs. rare—1.
1638Chillingw. Relig. Prot. i. ii. §154. 113 Judge..whether these Motives or inducements to your Church be not..opposed with Compulsives, and enforcements from it.
2. Psychol. A person typically subject to compulsions.
1957P. Lafitte Person in Psychol. vi. 75 The compulsive scrupulously accumulates objects in his office and home workshop. 1959N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 156, I had the impression she was a compulsive. |