| 释义 |
columnar, a.|kəˈlʌmnə(r)|
[ad. late L. columnār-is, f. columna column: see -ar. Cf. F. colomnaire.]
1. Of the nature or form of a column (or columns), resembling a column, column-like.
1728[see c]. 1774Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772, 161 The rocks dip almost perpendicularly, and form long columnar stacks. 1868Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) II. x. 515 Two ranges of arches, resting seemingly on tall columnar piers. 1877Bryant Little People of Snow 165 Here the palm upreared Its white columnar trunk.
b. fig.
1832De Quincey Cæsars Wks. 1862 IX. 21 A perfect model of Roman grandeur, massy, columnar, imperturbable. 1860Emerson Cond. Life, Behav. Wks. (Bohn) II. 387 In the shallow company..here is the columnar Bernard.
c. Said of rocks (such as basalt) and crystals which have a column-like structure; prismatic.
1728Woodward Fossils (J.), White columnar spar, out of a stone-pit. 1794Sullivan View Nat. I. 435 The beryl which is a..crystal of the columnar form. 1874Dawkins Cave Hunt. ii. 24 Fingal's Cave..and that of Staffa..hollowed out of columnar basalt.
d. Biol. Said of tissue in which the cells are columnar, prismatic or cylindrical.
1845Todd & Bowman Phys. Anat. II. 3 The epithelium..being of the columnar variety, and clothed with cilia. 1855Balfour Man. Bot. (ed. 3) 4 Columnar cellular tissue, divided into Cylindrenchyma, cylindrical cells, and Prismenchyma, prismatical cells. 1881Mivart Cat 26 The component cells of the epithelium may be elongated at right angles to the basement membrane, thus forming what is called columnar epithelium.
e. Written or printed in columns (see column 4) or in vertical lines.
1846Ellis Elgin Marb. II. 138 Written in the manner called Kionedon, or columnar. 1881Westcott & Hort Grk. N.T. II. 307 The columnar tables of attestation. 1883J. Millington Are we to read Backwards 50 An illustration of the Mongolian columnar style of printing.
f. Math.
1879Thomson & Tait Nat. Phil. I. i. 165 Again, let the co-ordinates be of the kind which has been called ‘columnar’; that is to say, distance from an axis, angle from a plane of reference through this axis to a plane through the axis and the specified point, and distance from a plane of reference perpendicular to the axis.
2. Characterized by, or raised on, columns.
1849Freeman Archit. 43 The columnar architecture of mythic Greece. 1863Sat. Rev. 305 There is such a thing as a columnar viaduct as well as a solid embankment. |