| 释义 |
▪ I. cloak, n.|kləʊk|
Forms: 3–9 cloke, (5–6 clooke, 6 clocke, Sc. cloik, 6–7 clok, 7 cloack), 6–7 cloake, 6– cloak.
[a. OF. cloke (13th c. in Littré), cloque, cloche:—med.L. cloca, clocca, cape worn by horsemen and travellers, the same word as cloke, cloche, bell, so called from its shape. Cloak is thus a doublet of clock.]
1. A loose outer garment worn by both sexes over their other clothes.
c1275Lay. 13098 Vortiger..nam one cloke [c 1205 cape] of his one cnihte. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. iii. 294 Shal no seriaunt..were..no pelure in his cloke. c1440Promp. Parv. 83 Clooke, armilausa. 1462Mann. & Househ. Exp. (1841) 150 My lordys tawny cloke lynyd wyth velvet. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 395 [He] gart cloikis mak, and sindrie thairin cled. 1554–9Songs & Ball. (1860) 12 Thy clocke ys clute withe jaggis. 1612Sir R. Boyle in Lismore Papers (1886) I. 12 My Russett ryding clok. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 147 ⁋7 He grew peevish and silent, wrapped his cloke about him. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. III. 17 A stranger, who assumed..the cloak of a Cynic philosopher. 1812Byron Ch. Har. i. l, Subtle poinards, wrapt beneath the cloke. 1830Carlyle in Froude Life II. 127 The fairest cloak has its wrong side.
†2.
a. An academical or clerical gown; particularly the Geneva gown. Obs. or arch.
1641Curates Conf. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) IV. 375, I bought one new cloke [= curate's gown] in six years. 1727De Foe Hist. Appar. iii. (1840) 24 If the Devil should put on the gown and Cassock, or the black cloak, or the Coat and the Cord.
†b. Hence contemptuously for: A Presbyterian or Independent minister; puritanism. Obs.
1649C. Walker Hist. Independ. ii. 83 Where a dozen Schismaticks and two or three cloaks represented a whole County. 1663Pol. Ballads (1860) I. 172 Which happen'd when Cloak was commander-in-chief.
3. a. fig. That which covers over and conceals; a pretext, pretence, outward show.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 35 b, Vnder the cloke of ypocrisy. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. ii. ii. 75, I haue nights cloake to hide me from their eyes. 1611Bible 1 Pet. ii. 16 Not vsing your libertie for a cloake of maliciousnesse. 1712Addison Spect. No. 458 ⁋6 Those Persons, who had made Religion a Cloke to so many Villanies. 1799Southey St. Gualberto 14 Humility is made the cloak of pride. 1858Doran Crt. Fools 15 Under the cloak of folly, good service has been rendered.
b. A cloak-like covering.
1875Emerson Lett. & Soc. Aims, Resources Wks. (Bohn) III. 199 Tucking up..the ground under a cloak of snow.
4. The mantle or pallium of molluscs.
1842Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. 28 Tentacula arising between the cloak and veil.
5. Phrases. † a Plymouth cloak: a cudgel: see Plymouth. † the cloak sitteth fit: = ‘the cap fits’.
1594Hooker Eccl. Pol. iii. Pref. xv, Which cloak sitteth no less fit on the back of their cause, than of the Anabaptists. 1626L. Owen Spec. Jesuit (1629) 10, I would haue soone recall'd him, with a Plymouth cloake [margin Cudgell]. a1668Davenant Wks. 229 (N.) Whose cloake (at Plimouth spun) was crab-tree wood.
6. Comb.
a. as cloak-carrier, cloak-string, cloak-twitcher; cloak-fashion, cloak-wise adv.; also † cloak-bearer, a portmanteau, cloak-bag; † cloak-father, a pretended author whose name is put forth to conceal the real author; † cloak-fish (see quot.); † cloak-man, a Presbyterian (cf. 2 b); cloak-pin, a peg for hanging a cloak on; a large pin for fastening a cloak. See also cloak-bag, -room.
1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Porte-manteau, a *cloake bearer, a leather fastened to the sadlebowe to beare the cloake.
1636Prynne Unbish. Tim. (1661) 7 Timothy..Paul's..*Cloack-carrier, and Book-bearer..was certainly no Bishop.
1822T. Mitchell Aristoph. II. 283 Please to throw this mantle round Your neck, *cloak-fashion.
1639Fuller Holy War 11 A counterfeit, and a *cloke-father for a plot of the Popes begetting. 1655― Ch. Hist. ix. vii. §24 The secular Priests say he was but the Cloak-father thereof, and that Parsons the Jesuite made it.
1694Narborough Acc. Sev. Late Voy. i. (1711) 16 A great broad flat Fish like a Scate..called by the Seamen a String Ray..called by some *Cloke Fishes.
1680Roxburgh Ball. (1883) IV. 637 Though *Cloak-men, that seem much precise, 'Gainst Wine exclaim, with turn'd-up eyes.
1820Scott Monast. xiii, Stag's antlers..served for what we vulgarly call *cloak-pins.
1725New Cant. Dict., *Cloak-Twitchers, villains who formerly, when Cloaks were much worn, us'd to lurk, in by and dark Places, to snatch them off the Wearer's Shoulders.
1863Le Fanu House by Churchyard III. 211 His white surtout, *cloakwise over his shoulders.
b. cloak and dagger [tr. F. de cape et d'épée], (a) = cloak and sword; (b) of, concerned with, or characteristic of espionage, secrecy, intrigue, etc.; hence in various allusive phrases; hence cloak-and-daggery; cloak and sword [tr. Sp. (comedia) de capa y espada], designating or pertaining to dramas or stories of intrigue and romantic or melodramatic adventure, in which the principal characters are taken from that class of society which formerly wore cloak and dagger or sword.
1806Ld. Holland Lope 126 Comedias de Capa y Espada, Comedies of the Cloak and Sword, from the dresses in which they were represented. 1840Longfellow in Life (1886) I. 353 In the afternoon read La Dama Duenda of Calderon—a very good comedy of ‘cloak and sword’. 1841Dickens Barn. Rudge xxiv. 69 A very small scrap of dirty paper..was given him by a person then waiting at the door... ‘With a cloak and dagger?’ 1860G. Vandenhoff Dram. Remin. vi. 96 A most solemn and mysterious tragedian, of the cloak-and-dagger school. 1893H. B. Clarke Spanish Lit. 163 The play of the ‘cloak and sword’..may almost be said to be his [sc. Lope de Vega's] own invention. Ibid. 220 The stock characters, the galán and dama, the gracioso and barba of their ‘sword and cloak’ plays. 1898Blackw. Mag. Nov. 600/1 Our sham revivals of cloak and dagger are poor things. 1905Academy 10 June 603/2 Thousands of cloak-and-dagger stories. 1921H. Walpole Young Enchanted 42 The Cloak and Sword Romances. 1946Britannica Bk. of Yr. 832/1 Cloak and dagger, Office of Strategic Services; pertaining to OSS. 1954Koestler Invis. Writing 419 The cloak-and-dagger atmosphere which keeps intruding, all his life, into the Party-member's world. 1958Listener 10 July 64/2 The main interest in this wild cloak-and-daggery is why it came to be written. 1959M. M. Kaye House of Shade xx. 272 The police, or M.I.5, or some of those cloak-and-dagger boys, had a line on him. 1959M. Steen Tower i. iii. 36 She had two pips on her shoulder and was private secretary to a man in the Cloak and Dagger.
▪ II. cloak, v.|kləʊk|
Also 6–9 cloke.
[f. prec.]
1. a. trans. To cover with or wrap in a cloak.
1514Barclay Cyt. & Uplondyshm. (1847) p. lxi, This lustie Codrus was cloked for the rayne. 1752Fielding Amelia xi. vi, She cloked herself up as well as she could. 1818B. O'Reilly Greenland 209 A frowning berg, deeply cloaked with mist. 1862Macm. Mag. Sept. 424 Motions as of shadowy spirits cloaking themselves.
b. intr. for refl. To put on a cloak, cloak oneself.
1774H. S. Conway Let. 31 Aug. in Carlyle Fredk. Gt. (1865) VI. xxi. v. 542 It rained hard the whole time we were out; and as his Majesty did not cloak, we were all heartily wet. 1906Hardy Dynasts ii. ii. ii. 184 All three cloak And veil as when you came.
2. fig.
†a. To cover, protect, shelter. Obs.
1540–54Croke Ps. (1844) 42 His wyngs shall cloke thee from all fear. 1590Marlowe Massacre Paris ii. vi, Navarre, that cloaks them underneath his wings.
b. To cover over, conceal; to disguise, mask.
1509Hawes Past. Pleas. Introd. vi, The lyght of trouth I lacke cunnyng to cloke. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. i. 21 To cloke her guile with sorrow. 1741Butler Serm. Wks. 1874 II. 263 Men cloak their extravagance to themselves under the notion of liberality. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) I. vi. 449 His refusal was cloked under a show of feudal loyalty. 1871Palgrave Lyr. Poems 17 'Neath smiles her fear she cloak'd.
†3.
a. trans. To wear the semblance of, put on, assume.
b. intr. To pretend, dissemble. Obs.
1535Joye Apol. Tindale 44 Yf he had had siche a godly zele as he here cloketh. 1572Forrest Theophilus 651 Christian folke, Of which none am I, how eaver I cloake. |