| 释义 |
▪ I. side, n.1|saɪd|
Forms: 1– side (1 siide, 3 siðe, 4 sijde, zide), 4–5 sid (4 said); 2–6 syde (4 syide, zyde, 5 syede, cyyde, 9 dial. seyde), 5–7 syd (5 syyd).
[Common Teut.: OE. síde, = OFris. (and mod.Fris.) side, MDu. side, zide (Du. zijde) and sië, syë (Du. zij), OS. sîde (MLG. side), OHG. sîta (MHG. sîte, G. seite), ON. and Icel. síða (MSw. siþa, sidha, Sw. and Norw. sida, Da. side); not recorded in Gothic. Perhaps connected with side a., and originally denoting the long part or aspect of a thing.
The form siðe in Gen. & Ex. 1295 is prob. ad. ON. síða.]
I.
1. a. Either of the two lateral surfaces or parts of the trunk in persons or animals, extending between the shoulders and the hips; the corresponding part in fishes, reptiles, etc.
c725Corpus Gloss. L 328 Lumbus, side. c900tr. Baeda's Hist. iii. vii. [ix.] (1890) 178 His hors..ongon wealwian, & on æᵹhwæðre siidan hit ᵹelomlice oferwearp. c950Lindisf. Gosp. John xix. 34 An ðara cempa mið spere sidu his untynde. c1000ælfric Gen. ii. 21 Þa ᵹenam he an ribb of his sidan. c1175Lamb. Hom. 147 Weren his side mid speres orde iopened. c1200Ormin 4777 Shulldre, & bacc, & side, & halls, & hæfedd. c1275Sinners Beware 266 in O.E. Misc., Þer cumeþ god myd his rode, His honde and his syde al a blode. a1300Cursor M. 627 Vte of his side..Wit-oten sare a rib he tok. 1390Gower Conf. I. 40 Whan the sharpnesse of the spore The horse side smit to sore. c1420Lydg. Assembly of Gods 349 She weryd ii bokelers, oon by her syde. 1486Bk. St. Albans e iij b, With the hede, With the shulderis and the sides. c1530Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Bryt. 339 Syr, there is two ribbes broken in sir Rowlandes syde. 1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 625 His brawny sides, with hairy bristles arm'd. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 342 Were this true, it would autoptically silence that dispute out of which side Eve was framed. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 344 Their Dewlaps and their Sides are bath'd in Gore. 1743Bulkeley & Cummins Voy. S. Seas 145 Down his Sides, and all the Belly Part, is white Wool. 1782F. Burney Cecilia v. xii, With a look that implied ‘I'll fit you for this!’ [he] put his hands to his sides. 1824Mrs. Cameron Pink Tippet i. 7 Esther Jones was now come out at the door, her arms were on her side. 1879Browning Halbert & Hob 30 At once did [he]..Drop chin to breast, drop hands to sides.
fig.1605Shakes. Macb. i. vii. 26, I haue no Spurre To pricke the sides of my intent. 1620T. Peyton Glasse of Time 62 The earth henceforth shall now no more endure Vnlesse thou till, and much her sides manure. 1738tr. Guazzo's Art Convers. 159 Evil Princes have evil sides; that is, bad Counsellors.
†b. Used with reference to generation or birth. (Cf. loin n. 2 b.) Obs.
a900O.E. Martyrol. 26 June 106 Hiᵹ wæron acennede of Constantines sidan,..þæt ys of ᵹestreonde. a1400–50Alexander 348 Now has þou, woman,..with-in þi twa sydis Consayued him. c1485Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1758 Þe chyld þat be-twyx my sydes lay. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lxxxvi. 25 Thy blyssit sydis bair the campioun. 1634Milton Comus 1009 From her fair unspotted side Two blissful twins are to be born. 1817Shelley Rev. Islam Ded. ix, From thy side two gentle babes are born.
c. In phrases denoting the effect of exertion in speaking (after L. latera), or boisterous mirth.
(a)1604Hieron Wks. I. 485 O master preacher!..Spare your sides. I am well enough. 1621Sanderson Serm. I. 215 Having thus dispatched my message, it is now time I should spare both your ears, and my own sides. a1626Bp. Andrewes 96 Serm. xix. (1661) 394 It confirmed them: it gave them sides, and strength.
(b)1611Shakes. Cymb. i. vi. 69 The iolly Britaine..laughes from 's free lungs: cries, oh, Can my sides hold, to think [etc.]. 1632Milton L'Allegro 32 Sport that wrincled Care derides, And Laughter holding both his sides. 1687T. Brown Saints in Uproar Wks. 1730 I. 80 You'd break a man's sides with laughing. 1781Cowper Expost. 548 It shakes the sides of splenetic disdain. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop li, Tom Scott..bade fair to split his sides with laughing.
d. In phr. through the sides of, denoting an indirect attack on a person or thing.
1684Bunyan Holy Life Wks. 1855 II. 527 There are many that..watch for an opportunity to speak against him, even through the sides of those that profess him. 1699M. Henry Life P. Henry in Wordsw. Eccl. Biogr. (1818) VI. 268 That the name of God..be not blasphemed, nor religion wounded through their sides. 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1768, About this time Dr. Kenrick attacked him, through my sides, in a pamphlet. 1801Strutt Sports & Past. Introd. §33 The other party, who..were not sparing in their severity, but wounded the ordinance itself through the sides of its defender.
2. a. In phrases denoting close proximity to a person (properly to one hand or the other), as by one's side.
a825Vesp. Psalter xc. 7 Fallað from sidan ðire ðusend & ten ðusend. 971Blickl. Hom. 43 Naht feor from þæs mæsse⁓preostes sidan. c1205Lay. 25756 Arður eode abute, & his cnihtes bi his siden. c1300Havelok 371 Knictes an sweynes bi here siden. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, iii. ii. 80 All Soules that will be safe, flye from my side. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 176 Let us forth, I never from thy side henceforth to stray. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 680 Th' Infernal Troops..list'ning, crowd the sweet Musician's side. 1749Gray Installat. Ode 34 With Freedom by my side, and soft-eyed Melancholy. 1784Cowper Task vi. 40 Allur'd By ev'ry gilded folly, we renounc'd His shelt'ring side. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xxxii, She passed five hours by her friend's side. 1859Tennyson Geraint & Enid 14 Not at my side. I charge thee ride before.
b. side by side, (a) (also side † for side, † side to side), close together and abreast of each other; in later use also of things, and freq. const. with; also (hyphened) as attrib. phr. Hence side-by-sideness.
c1205Lay. 19824 Þa duȝeðe..hine þer bureden bi leofen his broðer; side bi side beiene heo þer liggeð. 13..Cursor M. 1786 (Gött.), Thinc no man ferli þat þar suam Side bi side, bath wolf and man. c1450in Aungier Syon (1840) 347 So that the syngers sytte togyder syde to syde. 1529in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. 63 note, Their plouche is drawen be foure beastis going syde for syde. 1614J. King Vitis Palatina 30 They that walk side to side, and cheeke to cheeke, walke as companions. 1637Rutherford Lett. (1862) I. clxxxviii. 463 That proud thing, myself, will not play, except it ride up side for side with Christ. 1686tr. Chardin's Trav. Persia 88 They rank themselves, either in a circle, or side by side. 1749Fielding Tom Jones iv. viii, The sculls lay side by side. 1810Scott Lady of L. i. xii, Fox-glove and night-shade, side by side. 1850Tennyson In Mem. cxiv, A higher hand must..guide Her footsteps, moving side by side With wisdom. 1908Daily Chron. 29 Nov. 9/5 The side-car..has the advantages of ready convertibility, low cost, and high speed..together with the far greater sociability afforded by the side-by-side accommodation. 1930Times Educ. Suppl. 27 Dec. p. i/3 Side-by-side valves instead of the overhead valves. 1956R. Redfield Peasant Society & Culture i. 20 Those early comparisons were side-by-side comparisons of societies unaffected by cities and civilization. 1970Gloss. Aeronaut. & Astronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) viii. 9 Side-by-side assembly, an assembly of connecting rods in which a number of similar plain connecting rods are arranged successively side-by-side with narrow big-ends usually carrying roller bearings.
Comb.1865J. Grote Explor. Philos. i. 166, I suppose co-existence in space means proximity, side-by-sideness—equally exclusive of occupation of the same space or of a remote one.
(b) Designating a double-barrelled shotgun with barrels set side by side (cf. over-and-under a.). Also absol. and ellipt. as n.
1950R. Shaughnessy Skeet & Trapshooting iii. 30 Double-barreled guns are manufactured in two styles, one known as the over-and-under, the other as the side-by-side. 1961Webster, Side-by-side n. 1964H. L. Peterson Encycl. Firearms 139/1 Henry Nock's patent breech of 1787... It was possible to shorten barrels..for a sporting gun... Shortening the barrels made the guns still lighter, and this in turn made the side-by-side double-barreled fowling piece practical. 1979G. Hammond Dead Game ii. 32, I saw all the guns... Two..were over-and-unders, the rest side-by-sides. 1980Outdoor Life (U.S.) (Northeast ed.) Oct. 53/1, I had this double-barreled side-by-side 20-gauge Savage-Fox, the ugliest thing ever made.
3. One of the lateral halves of the body of an animal, or the part about the ribs, used for cooking. Now chiefly in side of bacon.
In the first quot. the reference is to a child.
13..Cursor M. 8715 (Gött.), Wid suord it sal be delt in tua, And ether sal haue a side in hand. c1430Two Cookery-bks. 25 Loke þat þow haue fayre sydys of Pyggys, & fayre smal Chykenys wyl & clene skladdyd & drawe. c1480Henryson Fables, Fox, Wolf, & Cadger xxvi, It is ane syde of Salmond, as it wer. 1599in Antiquary XXXII. 242 One side of baconn. 1665Pepys Diary 4 April, A great dish of side of lamb. 1727Gay Fables i. xxi, They undermined whole sides of bacon. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. v, The 'squire..sent us a side of venison. 1820Scott Monast. xiii, The haggis and the side of mutton, with which her table was set forth. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 167 After the carcass has hung 24 hours, it should be cut down by the back-bone, or chine, into two sides. 1897Daily News 28 Sept. 8/3 The small carcases from which come the Wiltshire sides most popular with the Canadian consumer.
II.
4. a. One or other of the two longer (usually vertical) surfaces or aspects of an object, in contrast to the ends, or of the two receding surfaces or aspects, in contrast to the front and back.
The precise application depends to some extent on the form of the object and its position in relation to the observer.
c825Vesp. Psalter cxxvii. 3 Swe swe wintreow ᵹenyht⁓sumiende in sidum huses ðines. c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. C. xxii. 169 Tweᵹan stengas..sting ut ðurh ða hringas bi ðære earce sidan. c1340Nominale (Skeat) 878 A coustes, claies, et roulous, Be sydes, hirdeles, and cartesoulis. 1375Barbour Bruce xv. 28 Cum we than on thame at a syde. 1382Wyclif Exod. xxxvii. 5 The whiche he putte into the rynges that weren in the sides of the arke. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 132 b, When menne dooe mocke any bodye thei wagge their handes up & down by their eares at the sydes of their hedde. 1581in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 345 Castell with y⊇ falling sydes. Tree with shyldes. 1628P. Smart Vanitie Popish Cerem. 33, I trow there are but two sides of a long table, and two ends. 1654–66Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 520 The credulous Nymph..concealed a Lamp, by her Beds side. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. I. 71/2 He..fastened these Beams..each with two braces..bound round and fastened of opposite sides. 1794T. Davis Agric. Wilts. 69 They seldom use any overlays or outriggers, either at the ends or sides [of a waggon]. 1847W. C. L. Martin The Ox 138/1 The sides of the tongue become gangrenous. 1857T. Moore Handbk. Brit. Ferns (ed. 3) 18 A harder layer,..with thick dotted sides. 1886Baring-Gould Court Royal I. iii. 37 My boots are scat at the sides.
b. One or other of the bounding lines or surfaces of any right-lined figure or object.
a1400–50Alexander 2215 All þe sidis of þe cite þat sechus had biggid. 1495Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. (W. de W.) iii. xvii, A rounde shape hathe noo sydes wt corners. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utopia ii. (1895) 120 Neuer a one of them all hath of anye syde lesse then xx. myles of grounde, and of som syde also muche more. 1570Billingsley Euclid i. prop. 21. 31 Not euery figure hauing three angles hath also onely three sides. 1628P. Smart Vanitie Popish Cerem. 33 Make it [the table] square, and then it will haue foure sides, and no end, or foure ends and no side. 1715tr. Gregory's Astron. (1726) I. 353 Again, in the Triangle M P N, the Sides P M, P N being given,..the base M N is found. 1774M. Mackenzie Maritime Surv. 2 Having two Sides and an Angle opposite to one of them, to find another Angle. 1830Herschel Study Nat. Phil. 254 A ray of light after its emergence from such a crystal acquires sides. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair lxvi, A large window, with three sides of glass. 1863E. V. Neale Anal. Th. & Nat. 135 The relations of the sides of each triangle to each other..are the effects of its triangular form.
fig.1857Geo. Eliot Ess. (1884) 69 On its theoretic and perceptive side, Morality touches Science; on its emotional side, poetic Art.
c. In a rounded, cylindrical, or spherical object, a part of the surface having a particular aspect.
c1055Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia VIII. 319 æfre byð on sumere sidan þære eorðan dæᵹ. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. i. 85 Our Valiant Hamlet (For so this side of our knowne world esteem'd him). 1667Milton P.L. iii. 722 Look downward on that Globe whose hither side With light from hence, though but reflected, shines. 1747Gray Cat 1 'Twas on a lofty vase's side. 1788Cowper Mischievous Bull 7 Wood-peckers explore the sides Of rugged oaks for worms. 1826Art of Brewing (ed. 2) 141 [Apples] with a tinge of red streaks on the sunny side. 1868Lockyer Elem. Astron. §214 Hence we only see one side of our satellite [the moon].
d. Math. (See quots.)
(a)1660–1706 [see root n.1 14 a]. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v., Side of a Power, is what we otherwise call the Root, or Radix. 1841Penny Cycl. XXI. 490/2 The same geometrical analogies by which a number multiplied by itself was called a square, procured for the number itself the name of side.
(b)1728Chambers Cycl., Side of a Polygonal Number, is the Number of the Terms of the Arithmetical Progression, that are summed up. 1795Hutton Math. Dict. s.v. Polygonal Numbers, The Side of a Polygonal number is the number of points in each side of the Polygonal figure when the points in the number are ranged in that form.
e. Mining. (See quots.)
1839Ure Dict. Arts 981 A compartment, or pannel, formed in working the coal, is called a side of work. 1867W. W. Smyth Coal & Coal-mining 136 From this latter the main workings, called sides of work, are opened in the form of a square or parallelogram.
5. That part of the framework of a ship or boat extending from stem to stern between the gunwale and the main-wale or the water-line.
c1000ælfric Gen. vi. 16 Duru þu setst be þære sidan wið neoðan and þu macast þreo fleringa binnan þam arce. a1300Cursor M. 1670 Quen þi timber es festend wele Þou wind þe sides ilk dele. 1530Palsgr. 270/1 Syde of a bote, bort. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. i. i. 32 Dangerous rocks, Which touching but my gentle Vessels side Would scatter all her spices on the streame. c1614Sir W. Mure Dido & æneas i. 273 The tumbling billowes fast her syddes assaill. 1705Lond. Gaz. No. 4093/1 A French Man of War..came within Musket-shot along her side. 1795Nelson 7 Feb. in Nicolas Disp. (1845) II. 5 The Ships built at Toulon have their sides, beams, decks, and straight timbers from this Island. 1839R. S. Robinson Naut. Steam Eng. 61 Great care is taken in fitting the pipes through the ship's sides. 1889Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. 104 On the stronger sides of recent first-class battle ships..the combined thickness of this plating is 21/4 inches.
6. a. The slope of a hill or bank, especially one extending for a considerable distance. (Cf. bank-, hill-, mountain-side.)
c1250Gen. & Ex. 1295 Men seið ðat dune-is siðen on Was mad temple salamon. 1382Wyclif 2 Sam. xiii. 34 Myche puple cam bi the out weye fro the side of the hil. c1400Destr. Troy 5863 Hym list for to rest, And bowet fro the batell to þe bonke side. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) 176 The side of a bancke. 1634Milton Comus 295 Under a green mantling vine That crawls along the side of yon small hill. 1667― P.L. i. 232 A Hill Torn from Pelorus, or the shatter'd side Of thundring ætna. 1757Gray Bard 11 Down the steep of Snowdon's shaggy side. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) I. 150 It is still overlooked by tremendous mountains; their sides covered with snow. 1811Pinkerton Mod. Geogr. (ed. 3) 303 The eruptions rarely attain the summit [of Etna], but more usually break out at the sides.
b. The outskirts of a wood, town, etc. ? Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 5734 Þe flok he fedd opon a tid, Bi a wildrin wod side. c1386Chaucer Wife's T. 133 In his way, it hapnyd him to ride..under a forest side. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 228 By a wylde wodes syde As I walked myself alone. a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV, 12 Vnder a woddes side, thei couertly espied them passe forward. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. i. i. 129 Vnderneath the groue of Sycamour, That West-ward rooteth from this City side. 1640Habington Edw. IV, 83 The Earle labouring to escape, at a Woods side where was no passage. 1706Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) I. 242 Next Bray-Wood side. 1750Gray Elegy 101 Him have we seen the Greenwood side along.
7. a. The bank or shore of a river or water; also, the land or district bordering on a river. (Cf. burn-, river-, sea-, water-side.)
1320–30Horn Ch. 54 In clifland bi tese side. c1400Destr. Troy 5799 All backward [they] hom bere to þe buerne side, Þat fer from þe flode might no freke wyn. 1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) I. 65 There be monye deipe places of waters nye to the sydes of the sees. 1513Douglas æneid ix. xiii. 28 Towartis the ryveris syde alaw. 1588Parke tr. Mendoza's Hist. China 313 If they chance to finde a man in the waters side he wil eate him all. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 230 Let 'em..Range the Forrest, by the Silver side Of some cool Stream. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) IV. 160 The place of meeting..is always by the side of some lake or river. 1810Scott Lady of L. i. xxiii, As her light skiff approach'd the side. 1836Penny Cycl. VI. 317/1 Carrickfergus..situated on the W. shore or Antrim side of Belfast Loch.
b. A surface serving to enclose or bound a space or hollow.
1474Coventry Leet Bk. 389 Þat the dryver of the Bochours Carre..throwe his intrelles and oþer stuffe..in myddes of þe pitte & not be þe sides. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. iv. (1586) 173 In the bankes and sides of these Ponds, you must have Bushes and Creeke holes. 1611Bible 1 Sam. xxiv. 3 Dauid and his men remained in the sides of the caue. 1702Milit. & Sea Dict. s.v., Sides of Horn-works..and such-like Out-works..are the Ramparts and Parapets that enclose them on the Right and Left from the Gorge to the Head. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian vi, Three sides of this were enclosed by lofty buildings lined with ranges of cloisters. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. vi. §2 (1862) 475 A mirror-like coating of reduced silver is formed on the sides of the vessel. 1868Tennyson Lucretius 253 The very sides of the grave itself shall pass. 1878T. Hardy Ret. Native v. ix, The sides of the pool were of masonry, to prevent the water from washing away the bank.
8. a. One or other of the two surfaces of a thing having little or no appreciable thickness; also, the outer or inner surface or aspect of a thing.
See also right and wrong side under these adjs., and cf. the combs. inside, outside.
1382Wyclif Exod. xxxii. 15 Berynge in hoond two tablis of testymonye wrytun on eithir side. 1562J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 71, I know on which syde my bread is buttred. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 8 A sheet of paper Writ on both sides the leafe. 1604― Oth. iv. ii. 146 Some such Squire he was That turn'd your wit, the seamy-side without. 1711Swift Jrnl. to Stella 22 Nov., I'll say no more on this side the paper. 1826Kirby & Spence Entom. III. 529 note, They are gratified to see that M. Latreille has adopted this term in the work quoted on the other side. 1895Bookman Oct. 12/1 A small volume of some forty-seven pages, printed on one side only. 1899Raymond No Soul above Money iii, He knew both sides of a penny, for all he looked so daft.
b. spec. (See quot.)
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2172/1 Side,..the surface on the right or dressed side of cloth.
c. In prov. phr. the other side of the coin (penny, etc.) = the reverse of the medal s.v. medal n. 3 b; the other side of the shield: see shield n. 1 d.
1904Yeats Let. ? 20 Jan. (1954) iii. 425 The Shadowy Waters..is more of a ritual than a human story... Cuchullain or The King's Threshold are the other side of the halfpenny. Ibid. Apr. 433, I am reckless in mere speech that is not written. You are the other side of the penny, for you are admirably careful in speech. 1966Listener 19 May 713/1 The social and psychological pressures are not different things but often just different sides of the same penny. 1975M. Russell Murder by Mile ix. 92 Angus Hamilton's..to address members and answer questions. He thought it might present an opportunity to put across the other side of the coin.
d. Each of the two grooved faces of a gramophone record. Also slang, a recording made on this; a record. In extended use, of tape recording. Cf. flip side s.v. flip n.2 7.
1936Rhythm Apr. 28/1 American Brunswick, Columbia and Vocalion have a blanket contract with Irving Mills for so many sides a year. 1948N.Y. Age 18 Dec. 2/6 We expect ‘Skiffle Blues’ to be one of our big sides in the coming weeks. 1950Down Beat 14 July 11 (heading) Will the Louis sides on cylinder ever turn up? 1960J. Baldwin Another Country (1962) ii. iii. 310 ‘How about some sides?’.. Lorenzo put on something..by the Modern Jazz Quartet. 1971D. E. Westlake I gave at Office 133 There was some tape left. Tape three, side two, the one just before this. 1979Guardian 9 June 12/7, I had to wait until side two for any bloom of Schubertian joy.
9. a. A page of a book or writing. Obs. or arch.
1530Palsgr. 270/1 Syde of a boke that is written, pagee. 1579W. Fulke Heskins's Parl. 241 He rehearseth halfe a side of M. Iewels wordes. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 141, I will adde one side concerning Paradice, and then will goe on without digression. 1676Marvell Mr. Smirke 14 One of his sides in Quarto, for Falshood, Insolence, and Absurdity contains a Book in Folio. 1742Richardson Pamela III. 104 We thought you should have written a side upon that Subject at least. 1826Lamb Pop. Fallacies ix, A man might blur ten sides of paper in attempting a defence of it.
b. Tanning. (See quot. 1885.)
1763Ann. Reg. 92 Georgia..exports: 1602 sides of tanned leather. 1852C. Morfit Tanning & Currying (1853) 23 The number of sides of sole leather inspected during the last five years. 1885Harper's Mag. Jan. 274/2 After soaking, the hides are..cut through the middle of the back to separate them into ‘sides’.
c. Theatr. A page of typescript containing an actor's part and cue words (usu. pl.).
1933P. Godfrey Back-Stage iii. 37 An experienced actor, being offered a part, is unimpressed by the number of ‘sides’ it contains, a ‘side’ being a half-quarto sheet of typescript. 1963‘E. McBain’ Ten plus One (1964) vii. 73 ‘She had memorized all of her sides—’ Richardson paused here to see whether or not anyone had caught his use of the professional term ‘sides’..—‘in the first two nights of rehearsal.’ 1976R. James House is Dark xiii. 135 ‘Don't see why actors ever gave up sides... They're so much easier.’.. ‘Haidee, it wasn't for the sake of the actors that they used sides. It was supposed to prevent actors from duplicating a hit script and going off with it on their own.’
10. An aspect or view of something immaterial. to look on (or to) the bright (or worst, etc.) side: see look v. 18 d.
c1449Pecock Repr. v. vi. 514 If thilk gouernaunce be..profitable to him in othere goostli sidis. 1657Owen Saints' Persev. xv. Wks. 1851 XI. 539 It being the will of God to give us, as to his [David's] fall, his dark side and his sin to the full. 1840Thirlwall Greece lvii. VII. 263 The future was not without its bright side. 1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. viii. v. (1872) III. 44 His first aim is to find-out the ridiculous side of everyone. 1891E. Peacock N. Brendon I. 139 The better side of his vulgar nature came out.
III. 11. a. Place or direction with reference to some central point; a point of the compass. (Cf. north-, south-side.) Also fig. (quot. 1838).
c825Vesp. Psalter xlvii. 3 On sidan norðdaeles [is] cestre cyninges ðes miclan. c1205Lay. 21774 Þer walleð of þan mæren a moniare siden..sixti wateres. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 124 So þat respit was þar-of I-nome, and ech wende in his side. a1400–50Alexander 5021 Bot þi sire soile in na side see sall þou neuire. c1420Sir Amadace (Camden) xxxix, On summe side wille hit falle. Sum curtas mon ȝette may he fynde. 1648Milton Ps. lxxx. 45 Her branches on the western side Down to the Sea she sent. 1697W. Dampier Voy. 467 A Fire, with a few Boughs before it, set up on that side the wind was of. 1777Watson Philip II (1839) 497 He found it necessary to approach the town on that side, on which there lay a wood or forest. 1784Cowper Task v. 150 Lamps gracefully dispos'd, and of all hues, Illumin'd ev'ry side. 1838Macaulay in Trevelyan (1876) II. vii. 9 On that side he multiplied his precautions, and set double watch.
b. In phrases on († of) each or every side, on all sides.
c1205Lay. 621 His ferde he sette on ælchere siden. 1382Wyclif Luke xix. 43 Thei schulen make thee streyt on alle sydis. 1390Gower Conf. I. 16 Tobroke is Cristes folde, Wherof the flock..Devoured is on every side. 1440Promp. Parv. 365/1 On evyrysyde, undique, circumquaque. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge ii. 1060 Counnyng surgeans were sought vpon euery syde. 1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 53 Troytowne is fired of al sydes. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 178 A most pleasant valley, compassed on all sides with mountaines. 1681Dryden Abs. & Achit. 689 On each side bowing popularly low. 1686tr. Chardin's Coronat. Solyman 38 Thus the Apartment is open of all sides. 1711Addison Spect. No. 110 ⁋2 The Ruins of the Abby are scattered up and down on every Side. 1831Scott Ct. Rob. viii, Thanks to Heaven were returned on all sides.
12. a. One or other direction to either hand of an object, space, or imaginary line; the position, space, or area implied in this. † of a side, on each side. the other side: see other a. 2 d (a).
c1000ælfric Hom. I. 454 Ðeos ðridde India hæfð on anre sidan þeostru, and on oðere ðone grimlican garsecᵹ. a1340–[see right a. 20]. 1382Wyclif Ezek. xli. 19 A face of man..of this syde, and a face of lyoun..on the tother syde. c1450Contin. Brut ii. 571 They stode on þe lifte syde; and al þat abode within the toun stode on þe right syde. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xlvi. 12 Vndir this brench ran doun a revir bricht..Quhair did, vpone the tothair syd, persew A nychtingall. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 51 Taurus divideth it in the middest: On the North side is that which is called Asia interior. 1644Digby Nat. Bodies xxxi. §1, The strength..of the two lights..on this side, and on that side the point of concurse. 1678Bunyan Pilgr. i. (1900) 144 Upon the bank of the River, on the other Side, they saw the two shining men again. 1701Farquhar Sir H. Wildair i. i, The pinners are double ruffled with twelve plaits of a side. 1746Francis tr. Horace, Epist. i. xvii. 73 He, who hears him, chaunts on t'other Side, With me your Bounty, ah! with me divide. 1781Cowper Hope 374 Suppose the beam should dip on the wrong side. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 458/1 The American car has a gangway lengthwise of the car, the seats on each side reversible.
fig.1641in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 288, I know he is fast riveted on that side, if the Commons give him not a jostle. 1722De Foe Plague (1754) 16 But I had a farther Obligation laid on me on the same Side. 1819Shelley Peter Bell 3rd Prol. 25 He who has O'er the grave been forced to pass To the other side.
b. In phrases on († of) either or each side, on both sides.
c1205Lay. 27242 Þa sænde heo a ba siden al þa men auoten. a1300Cursor M. 6263 Þe see on aiþer side þam stod Als walles tua, quils þai for yod. a1400–50Alexander 1520 He..sammes þaim on aithire side with silken rapis. c1480Little Child. Bk. 66 in Babees Bk. 20 Whan þou etyst, gape not to wyde That þi mouth be sene on yche a syde. 1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. ii. xxx, At that cave's mouth, twice sixteen porters stand,..Of each side foure [etc.]. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 649 Before the Gates there sat On either side a formidable shape. 1823Southey Penins. War I. 415 The altars on either side had their respective relics. 1867W. L. Newman in Quest. Reformed Parl. 79 The mountain backbone,..from which the streams flow down on either side.
c. fig. on the (adjective) side, tending towards the condition or aspect described. Cf. on the safe side s.v. safe a. 9 c.
1713[see right a. 10 c]. c1805G. Colman in M. R. Booth Eng. Plays of 19th Cent. (1973) III. 69 It's prophesying on the sure side, to foretell a thing when it has happened. 1864Trollope Can You forgive Her? I. xi. 90 He is just a shade too good... But it's a fault on the right side. 1923A. J. Anderson Soul Sifters xxiv. 252 ‘Michelmore was always on the rough side!’ he remarked aloud. 1952A. J. Cronin Adventures in Two Worlds xii. 97 She was on the thin side..and her liquid, brownish eyes were too large. 1974A. Morice Killing with Kindness ii. 14 He was a bit on the tired side, but..he's accustomed to long hours.
d. on this (or the other) side: with reference to the Atlantic Ocean. Cf. this (etc.) side of the puddle s.v. puddle n. 1 c. colloq. (chiefly U.S.).
1884Naturalist's World Sept. 155/2 Canadian Postal Science College..is a society which has grown up very rapidly ‘on the other side’. 1928Wodehouse Money for Nothing vii. 129 There's dozens of people on the other side who'll buy it.
13. a. The space lying to either hand of, or in any direction from, a specified place, point, etc.
For fig. uses see also right a. 10 d and wrong a.
1382Wyclif Rev. xxii. 2 In the mydle of the street of it, and on ech sijde of the flood [was] the tree of lijf. c1400Mandeville (1839) xxii. 234 And at o syde of the Emperours Table, sitten many Philosofres. 1462Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 314 The gardeyn that ys on the north syd of the yat. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII, 73 On the other hand or syde of the gate was set a pyller. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, ii. i. 43 On the East side of the Groue. 1606― Ant. & Cl. iii. ix. 1 Set we our Squadrons on yond side o' th' Hill. 1671Milton P.R. iv. 33 A river, of whose banks On each side an Imperial City stood. 1782Cowper Gilpin 138 And there he threw the wash about On both sides of the way. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. i. §3 (1862) 59 Oxidizing actions are in constant operation unperceived on every side of us. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) IV. 74 Of him we have heard in two widely different characters on different sides of the sea.
fig.1599Shakes. Much Ado ii. i. 327 [My heart] keepes on the windy side of Care. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. ix, She's not to be forgotten on this side of time. 1891E. Peacock N. Brendon I. 8 She was on the less enviable side of fifty.
b. Const. without of, in such phrases as on this, that, the other, side (a place).
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 5415 Þe devels on ilk syde þam sal stande. a1400–50Alexander 1200 All þe bestaill..Þat he miȝt se on any syde þe cite of Gadirs. 1432Rolls of Parlt. IV. 410 No place elles where on þat syde þe See. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. lxxxvi. 110 Than sir Aymery drewe his people alonge on the dykes within the barryers, and the archers redy on bothe sydes the way. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 188 b, Thre dayes Jorney on this syde Venise. 1651R. Child in Hartlib's Legacy (1655) 23 Vines grow threescore miles on this side Paris. 1673Essex Papers (Camden) I. 53 Since you are on that side y⊇ water. 1749Fielding Tom Jones viii. xiii, On the other side the willows. 1771Goldsm. Hist. Eng. I. 339 The provinces were laid waste on each side his passage. 1827Southey in Corr. w. C. Bowles (1881) 117 Had you been as much on this side London as you are beyond it, you might easily have met us there! 1887Lowell Democracy 46 This outburst of feeling on both sides the sea.
fig.1676Walton Angler (ed. 5) xxi, There be as many miseries beyond riches, as on this side them. 1710R. Ward Life H. More 234 There is nothing absolutely or completely Perfect on this Side Heaven. 1711Addison Spect. No. 40 ⁋1 Good and Evil happen alike to all Men on this side the Grave. 1868Browning Ring & Bk. vi. 143 That's all we may expect of man, this side The grave.
c. on this side (of), before (a specified date).
1436Hen. VI in Hist. MSS. Comm., Var. Coll. IV. 198 He that calleth hym Duc of Burgeyne disposyth hym..on this side Estre nyxt to lay assege to oure toun of Caleys. 1472–3Rolls of Parlt. VI. 4/2 The seid xth part to be assessed..a this syde the morn of the fest of the Purification. 1530–1Act 22 Hen. VIII, c. 12 The seales aboue rehersed, shall bee made..on this syde the feast of the Natiuitie of sayncte John Baptist nexte commynge. 1771T. Hull Sir W. Harrington (1797) IV. 235 But all, I fear, wont be completed on this side Christmas. 1874T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd lvii, He's not at hand, and won't be this side of eleven o'clock.
d. on this side (of), short of.
c1449Pecock Repr. i. xiv. 78 The other is openest in suerte of likelihode or of probabilite a this side suerte. 1647H. More Poems Pref., [He] hath attempted bravely, but yet methinks on this side of Mathematicall evidence. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 101 We are at worst On this side nothing.
e. In fig. phr. the other side of the hill, those aspects of a situation which are unknown at present. Also transf., the latter part of life, and in Mil. contexts, the enemy position or activities.
1852Duke of Wellington in Croker Papers (1884) III. xxviii. 275 We amused ourselves by guessing what sort of a country we should find at the other side of the hills we drove up... When I expressed surprise at some extraordinary good guesses he [sc. Croker] had made, he said, ‘Why, I have spent all my life in trying to guess what was at the other side of the hill.’ 1926C. B. Waterlow in H. Golding Wonder Bk. of Motors 12 It is not only what is on the other side of the hill that matters, but everything along the road. 1948B. H. L. Hart (title) The other side of the hill. 1957C. Smith Case of Torches i. 5, I had to go through a lot of badinage..about..how old I was getting and what it was like on the other side of the hill. 1960G. Martelli Agent Extraordinary 15, I..wish..to express my gratitude..to [the]..technical director of the flying bomb sites..for allowing me a glimpse of the ‘other side of the hill’. 1978Times 30 Jan. 13/2 Mr Peyton..began to argue for a revalued green pound... He..correctly read what was on the other side of the hill (that is, the Government itself would soon have to revalue).
14.
†a. on side, to one side, aside. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xi. 344 On athir hand The tothir battalis suld be gangand Behynd, on syde a litell space. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xvii. 57 Feith had first siȝte of hym, ac he flegh on syde. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 5848 Ector wiste him hurt he feled, He rod on-syde and him keled. c1475Henryson Abbay Walk 5 On caiss I kest on syd myne e, and saw þis writtin vpoun a wall. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI, 101 This battayl was sore foughten, for hope of life was set on side on euery parte. 1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 350/2 What shall it auaile vs to start on side from the rule which hee hath giuen vs?
b. In various phrases denoting position, movement, or inclination away from a central line or point. Also fig.
1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 23 Stately trees (some tops whereof the wind seemeth to wreath and turne at one side). 1588Marprel. Epist. (Arb.) 43 Put your corner cap a litle nere a toe side. 1611Shakes. Wint. T. iii. iii. 20 To me comes a creature, Sometimes her head on one side, some another. a1688Bunyan Israel's Hope Encouraged Wks. 1855 I. 600 It would be too great a step to a side to treat of all those mercies. 1712J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 169 The middle Shoot..is found..to lean of one Side a little. 1782A. Monro's Compar. Anat. (ed. 3) 126 From each side..a bony bridge is produced backwards, and to a side. 1820Shelley Œd. Tyr. ii. ii. 76 Your Majesty In such a filthy business had better Stand on one side. 1827Carlyle Germ. Rom. II. 162 Happening sometime after to be standing with him by a side at the window. 1887Contemp. Rev. Jan. 64 It must..be understood that I place his private character entirely to one side.
c. ellipt. A side-dish, entrée.
1848Thackeray Van. Fair xlii, If those sides, or ontrys, as she calls 'em, were'nt served yesterday, I'm d—d.
d. Billiards. Direction given to a ball by striking it at a point not directly in the middle.
1873Bennett & Cavendish Billiards 125 In putting on side, all that has to be done is to strike the ball on the side instead of in the middle. 1901Q. Rev. Apr. 483 The mysteries of ‘side’ began to perplex players.
e. on the side (orig. U.S.). (a) Served separately from the main dish.
1884Bad Lands Cow Boy (Little Missouri, Dakota Terr.) 7 Feb. 1/5 ‘Gimme that snake rare—milk gravy on the side,’ was hallooed to the cook. 1916Literary Digest 18 Mar. 766/3 ‘Beef stew and a cup of tea for me,’ the new arrival said. ‘Bossy in a bowl—boiled leaves on the side,’ sang the waiter. 1975D. Lodge Changing Places ii. 95 A club sandwich with french fries on the side.
(b) In addition; surreptitiously, without acknowledgement. (Freq. with connotation of dishonesty: illicitly; outside wedlock.)
1893Congress. Rec. 18 Dec. 360/1 He will have no pension attorney, for a silent partner, no relative doing business ‘on the side’ with that bureau. 1904N.Y. Times 22 June 3 To attend the big fair and receive the entertainment of St. Louis on the side. 1927Daily News 11 Mar. 2/2 Y' see, Bill's in the rag-and-bone trade and he does a bit [of receiving] on the side. Just anythink he can pick up. 1937D. L. Sayers Zeal of thy House ii. 44 Pocketing commissions and that sort of thing? Doing little deals on the side? 1953R. Lehmann Echoing Grove iv. 226 An independent career-woman with a successful love life on the side. 1968R. L. Hudson Grace is not Blue-eyed Blond xi. 145 What would some of you say if I told you that I, as a married man, have had three women on the side? 1977Gay News 24 Mar. 14/4 They may..gear their expectations to include sexual contacts on the side.
(c) spec. in addition to one's regular or ordinary occupation; as a subsidiary source of income (also with occas. implication of irregularity).
1898N.Y. Jrnl. 26 Aug. 9/3 Samuel..started an ice cream parlor, with cigars, tobacco and delicatessen on the side. 1915Wodehouse Something Fresh iv. 107 ‘I'm not asking you to be a valet and nothing else.’ ‘You would want me to do some cooking and plain sewing on the side, perhaps?’ 1928S. Lewis Man who knew Coolidge i. 13 I'd never made a peep about how maybe it'd be a good stunt for him to go out and maybe earn a little money on the side. 1945Reader's Digest July 22/1 There is a good job teaching music theory..lined up for him. And he is composing on the side. 1960N. Marsh False Scent i. 29 I'm trying, on the side, to break out in a rash of serious writing. 1977Navy News Dec. 1/3 We do not have information about how many people do jobs on the side, but I suspect that that practice is not confined to the Armed Forces.
15. a. A part of a place or thing lying in one or other direction from a centre or median line. Also without of.
1428E. E. Wills 81 To the wherk of the Ill of the toon side of the Cloistere in the Chirchehawe. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 883 To þe este syde in england, Of þis prouynce þou ert ordaynd. 1537Layton in Lett. Suppress. Monasteries (Camden) 156 To ryde downe one syde [of the country] and to cum up the other. 1607Shakes. Cor. i. i. 48 The other side a'th City is risen: why stay we prating heere? 1686Burnet Trav. iii. (1750) 160 There are whole Sides of Streets without Inhabitants. 1706E. Ward Wooden World Diss. (1708) 43 To keep his Grinders from mouldering..he supplies both Sides with Grists at once. 1707Chamberlayne Pres. St. Gt. Brit. iii. xi. 386 One Side of it [a school] stands upon great Stone Pillars, in a large Court. 1834K. H. Digby Mores Cath. v. v. 134 It was the custom..for the men to be placed on one side of the church and the women on the other. 1886Pascoe Lond. of To-day xl. (ed. 3) 342 This side, on an afternoon in the season, is a place where fashionable ladies meet half their fashionable acquaintance.
fig.1562J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 74 Than were ye deafe, ye could not here on that syde. 1780Cowper Progr. Err. 549 He has no hearing on the prudent side.
b. A region, district, or the inhabitants of this. Cf. country-side. Also succeeding or suffixed to the names of places or regions to form adj. or advb. phrases in the sense ‘in (or on, towards) the area specified’, esp. as stateside a. and adv.
a1400–50Alexander 2115 All þe citis of þa sidis he sesis þam clene. Ibid. 3867. c 1410 Sir Cleges 87 He dwellyd be Kardyfe syde. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII, 35 The next daye..the forward passed a bridge..into Flaunders syde & there lay. a1623Buck Rich. III, i. (1646) 8 In Cumberland.., where he much resided,..all that Northerne side generally honouring..his Deportment. 1664in Dircks Life Marq. Worc. (1865) xviii. 329 Not only at Gloucester Side, but all the way to the west. 1726[see south-side b]. 1743W. Stukeley Palæogr. Sacra 8 Rejoicing especially was the practice..at public sacrifice, which they call Panegyres; a meeting of a side of a county, a province. 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. xxviii, The King's vindictive pride Boasts to have tamed the Border-side. 1898N. Munro J. Splendid xxxii, He had been set on the slip by a wherry that had approached from Cowal side. 1924E. M. Forster Passage to India xxxvii. 323 Jolly good poems, I'm getting published Bombay side. 1966K. Giles Provenance of Death ii. 58 An Italian industrialist who does a lot of business Moscow-side.
c. A portion of a building set apart for particular persons or purposes. Also fig.
1340Ayenb. 151 Þes yerþe is priour ine þe cloystre of þe zaule... Verst ine þe herte þet heþ tuo zides. 1482in Eng. Hist. Rev. XXV. 121 The Chaunters of the Queres of the Bretherne and Systerne Sydes of Syone aforeseid. c1529in Archaeol. (1884) XLVII. 52 All the sayd ladyes bothe off the abbesse side and of the misericorde. 1904Griffiths 50 Yrs. Public Service xiv. 205 The female ‘side’ of a prison gives more trouble to the authorities than the male.
d. side of bone: (see quots.).
1820Scoresby Acc. Arctic Regions I. 456 Each series, or ‘side of bone’, as the whalefishers term it, consists of upwards of 300 laminæ. 1836Uncle Philip's Convers. Whale Fish. 23 There are in the mouth two ‘sides of bone’, as the whale fishers call them.
e. side-of-the-mouth adj. phr., spoken aside or (as) from the side of the mouth; delivered in a rough drawling manner; pungently demotic. Also, of the style of such utterances.
1958Listener 7 Aug. 203/1 Hoarse, side-of-the-mouth cracks of quite shattering pessimism. 1960G. Coulter in M. T. Williams Art of Jazz 170 A racy, side-of-the-mouth idiom. 1974Publishers Weekly 25 Mar. 52/3 Describes in blunt, side-of-the-mouth prose how he was given the ‘contract’ [to kill someone].
f. Also to laugh on the other, wrong side (of one's face, mouth): see laugh v. 1 b.
16. a. The line or limit, on either side, up to which something extends.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 4280 His lawes sal pas and his powere Fra þe est syde til þe west, thurgh þe world here. a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV, 233 b, The grate, which extended from the one syde of the bridge, even directly to the other. c1655Milton Sonn. xxii. 12 My noble task, Of which all Europe talks from side to side. 1833Tennyson Lady of Shalott iii. 43 The mirror crack'd from side to side. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. vii. 54, I followed the veins several times from side to side.
b. side-to-side adj. phr., characterized by movement from one side to the other.
1934in Webster. 1950J. Dempsey Championship Fighting xxii. 157 Motions that made my head an elusive side-to-side target. 1955W. W. Denlinger Compl. Boston i. 132 This formation [sc. bandy legs] results in a side-to-side gait. 1962‘K. Orvis’ Damned & Destroyed ix. 59 Her head began a loose, disjointed, side-to-side swaying.
IV.
17. a. Used to denote the action, attitude, etc., of one person, or a set of persons, in relation to another or others.
c1250Owl & Night. 429 Euerich blisse him is vnwille..Al so þu dost on þire syde. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3167 Þe king ek in is syde is herte up on him caste. c1350Will. Palerne 1463 Sad seurte was sikered on boþe sides þanne, Þat menskful mariage to make. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. ii. 36 Alle þis Riche Retenaunce..Weoren bede to þe Bruytale on Bo two þe sydes. 1423in Hist. MSS. Comm., Var. Coll. IV. 83 This endenture y made..be thyxte the Dene & the Chapetre of Exter yn the on syde & the Mayer & the Comynce of Exeter..yn the other syde. 1590Plain Perc. 23, I am sure I shall not be pinchd on the parsons side. 1605Shakes. Lear v. i. 61 Hardly shall I carry out my side, Her husband being aliue. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ., The Riddle, I was sorry on my side for the occasion I had given him. 1822Scott Nigel xiv, In declaring your trust in me, you have done what is honourable to yourself,..and in no way undeserved on my side. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair lxvi, He was, on his side too, very anxious to see Mrs. Osborne. 1876J. Parker Paracl. i. x. 154 From the divine side there can be nothing sudden.
b. In phrases denoting a contrast between different views, considerations, facts, etc. (Cf. hand n. 32 i.)
c1250Owl & Night. 299 Alured seyde an oþer syde A word þat is isprunge wide. a1300Cursor M. 13038 On oþer side was hir ful wa, If sco suld part king herod fra. 1390Gower Conf. I. 122, I..preie yow That ye wole axe on other side If [etc.]. 1538Starkey England i. iii. 70 We may..a the one syde to stretly juge..the hole mater,..or els, of the other syde [etc.]. 1581G. Pettie Guazzo's Civ. Conv. ii. (1586) 61 But on the other side, he must not use superfluous words. 1626Bacon Sylva §902 Men are to be Admonished, on the other side, that [etc.]. 1725tr. Dupin's Eccl. Hist. 17th C. II. 67 As on the one side, Reason discovers it to be fit, that Man should be Immortal; so on the other side [etc.]. 1732Berkeley Alciphr. iii. §1 After a nice inquiry, and balancing on both sides.
†c. in other sides, in other respects. upon the side of, with regard to. Obs.
c1340Hampole Prose Tr. 41 Or ells we er noghte disposede by clennes of lyffynge in oþer sydis for to ressayue his grace. 1390Gower Conf. I. 330 Mi fader, upon loves side Mi conscience I woll noght hyde.
d. One of the two alternative views which may be taken of a question, problem, argument, etc. Also transf. in collective sense (quot. 1812).
1597Shakes. Lover's Compl. 113 But quickly on this side the verdict went. 1711Shaftesbury Charac. ii. iv. (1714) II. 305 One of those timorous Arguers..so intent in upholding their own side of the Argument. 1782Priestley Corrupt. Chr. I. iii. 305 Much was written on both sides of the question. 1812L. Hunt in Examiner 31 Aug. 547/2 Public dinners given by any side of a question. 1884Times (weekly ed.) 19 Sept. 7/3, I am sure that there are two sides to the question.
e. A division of a school devoted to a particular class of studies. (Cf. modern a. 2 e.)
1884Jrnl. Educ. 1 Sept. 348/2 Modern sides have grown and flourished. Ibid., Latin and Greek on the Classical side. 1890Spectator 13 Dec. 860/2 Efforts to expand the ‘modern side’, as they call it in English public schools.
18. a. The position or interests of one person, party, etc., in contrast to that of an opposing one. Chiefly in phr. on (one's) side. Prov. phr. on the side of the angels: in favour of a spiritual interpretation (of human nature); more loosely, on the side of right despite the risk of unpopularity.
a1300Cursor M. 7547 Godd es euer on rightwis side, Werraiand again wrangwis pride. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. I. 124 He þat is on Goddis syde, he heeriþ Goddis wordis. 1445in Anglia XXVIII. 256 The parlement pierys..Seyen the duke of yorke hath god vpon his side. c1500Melusine 29 Your enemys ben not here, and knowe you, fayre sire, that I am of your party or syde? 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 442 b, Therefore thought they now, or els never, yt God was on theyr side. 1617Moryson Itin. ii. 141 To the end that the Spaniards might see the meere Irish served on our side. 1668Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 10 Mr. Ho..deserves a better fate than to be ever of the loosing side. 1714R. Fiddes Pract. Disc. ii. 194 The multitude..will always declare on the side of fortune. 1778F. Burney Evelina xxxii, He's the most impertinentest person in the world, and isn't never of my side. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. vi. II. 51 All the influence of Barillon was employed on the other side. 1864Disraeli Church Policy 26 Is man an ape or an angel?.. I am on the side of the angels. 1894H. Drummond Ascent Man 434 All Nature is on the side of the man who tries to rise. 1926Punch 22 Dec. 700/1 Miss Marguerite Williams..is so firmly posted on the side of the angels that I can forgive her if she occasionally seems rather to force the note. 1941A. L. Rowse Tudor Cornwall ii. 52 Mr. Tawney tells us..that ‘their silence was the taciturnity of men, not the speechlessness of dumb beasts’. Though that may a little be questioned, no doubt he is on the side of the angels. 1956G. H. Vallins Pattern of Eng. vii. 171 ‘Different from’ reminds the reader that whatever other men have done.., Fowler himself is on the side of the angels. 1979‘C. Aird’ Some die Eloquent vii. 99 He had always in any case been on the side of the angels anyway. Apes were less appealing.
b. In phr. to take a (or one's) side, take sides. Also † to hold side (with one).
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon ix. 238 Nevertheles he came, and helde syde wyth his broder. 1700Dryden Pal. & Arc. iii. 570 The nicest eye could no distinction make, Where lay the advantage, or what side to take. 1719De Foe Crusoe i. (Globe) 249 He would take my Side to the last drop of his Blood. 1823Keble Serm. ii. (1848) 38 Careful always to take the safe side in practice. 1877Spurgeon Serm. XXIII. 398 Weak-minded people who cannot take sides with a persecuted truth. 1888Burgon Lives 12 Gd. Men II. xi. 317 Every resident of mark found himself in a measure compelled to take a side.
19. Kinship or descent through father or mother.
c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxv. 120 Half sisters of þer fader syde wedd þai, bot noȝt of þer moder syde. 1442Rolls of Parlt. V. 45/1 Englissh of his Moder side,..and aparte Englissh on his Fader side. a1547Surrey æneid iv. 331 From his graundfather by the mothers side Cillenes child so came. 1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xxix. 113 Peradventure a kinswoman to one of you, by his side that begot me in this miserable exile. 1710Steele Tatler No. 132 ⁋8 He traced up his Descent on both Sides for several Generations. 1837Lockhart Scott I. ii. 61 As far as they could be followed, either on the paternal or maternal side. 1847C. Brontë J. Eyre xi, To be sure I am distantly related to the Rochesters by the mother's side.
20. a. One of the parties in a transaction, battle, or debate; a political party; a faction.
In phrases with on (as on either side) the sense may approach that of 12 b and 17.
1375Barbour Bruce ii. 346 On athir syd thus war thai yhar, And till assemble all redy war. c1400Destr. Troy 9680 Aither syde, after sun, soght to þere holde. 1473Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 175 The pairtyng of the Grange forsade with the consent of bath the sydis wes made at Martymes. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 100 b, How obstinate the Romishe syde was in the convocation at Auspurge. 1591Savile Tacitus, Hist. ii. xciii. 108 In trueth by his comming the side was reuiued. a1639W. Whately Prototypes i. xx. (1640) 207 The Conquering side is often more miserable by sinning than the conquered by slaughter or captivity. 1676Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 34, 5000 of each side killed on the place. 1726Wodrow's Corr. (1843) III. 249 A certain side are highly disappointed. 1823Southey Hist. Penins. War I. 464 The loss on either side, in this pursuit, appears not to have been great. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. II. li. 284 A general battle, in which each side feels that it cannot allow any odds to the other.
b. One of the parties in an athletic or sporting contest or game of skill.
1698R. Lassels Italy I. 140 That side which throws the ballon over the rails of the other side wins the day. 1716Lond. Gaz. No. 5536/4 There will..be 31 Cocks shewed of a side. 1737in Waghorn Cricket Scores (1899) 17 Kent side went in first and got 99 notches, then Surrey side went in and got 31. 1837Hood Agric. Distr. i, Which side had won the cricket match. 1862Cornhill Mag. Sept. 378 ‘We'll play sides, of course’, said Lily. 1898J. A. Gibbs Cotswold Village xi. 230 The rest of our team included the jovial miller;..the village curate, who captained the side..; one or two farmers; [etc.]. 1947N. Cardus Autobiogr. ii. ii. 194 A boy fixes figures painted on square bits of tin—just the total of the batting side, the fall of the wickets, and the score of the last man out. 1977C. Martin-Jenkins Jubilee Tests ii. iv. 87 England's only difference from their Centenary Test side was the replacement of Fletcher by Barlow.
c. (so many)-a-side, indicating the number of players that may compose a team on the field of play. Usu. attrib. of a sport or match, as five-a-side football, etc. Cf. seven a. 2 g.
1900[see seven a. 2 g]. 1926Times 12 Apr. 6/5 The following are the results of yesterday's matches in the Seven-a-side Tournament. 1932Times Lit. Suppl. 30 June 484/2 It is now over a century since it [sc. shinty] was played, seventy-five or so a-side. 1951Sport 27 Apr.–3 May 4/3 A five-a-side football match is being played between Glasgow's Celtic and Rangers. 1973J. M. White Garden Game 104 We do sanction two-a-side encounters from time to time, or even three-a-side. 1978Cornish Guardian 27 Apr. 13 At a Cub Scout's six-a-side football competition..Mrs. M. Dean..presented the winners' shield.
d. to let the side down: see let v.1 32 b.
21.
†a. One of the two divisions of a choir. side for side, on sides, alternately. Obs.
1519W. Horman Vulg. 11 b, The quere syngeth syde for syde. 1583Foxe A. & M. 1405/2 The Psalmes should be sung on sides, the one side of the quier singing one verse, the other another.
b. In Cambridge University, the body of students under the supervision of a particular tutor in a college.
1852Bristed Five Yrs. Eng. Univ. 11 A large college has usually two Tutors,..and the students are equally divided among them—on their sides the phrase is. 1859Farrar J. Home v, Mr. Grayson, the tutor on whose ‘side’ he was entered. 1882J. W. Clark in Old Friends at Cambr. (1900) 40 Tutor of one of the three sides, as they were called, into which Trinity College was then divided.
V. attrib. and Comb.
22. Attrib. in sense 1, as side-cover, side-fellow, side-mate, side-sore, side-stitch.
1611Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 326 Thou shalt haue cramps, Side-stitches, that shall pen thy breath vp. 1636R. Brathwait Rom. Emp. 49 Envy (which is alwayes the side-mate of vertue) repined. 1690C. Nesse Hist. O. & N. Test. I. 34 A collateral companion or side-fellow, or yoke-fellow. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. III. xxxv. 598 The epipleura or side-cover..that covers the sides of the body. 1898Allbutt's Syst. Med. V. 346 The name Pleurisy.., side-sore of Early English.
23. a. Attrib., denoting ‘situated or lying towards or at the side’, as side-aisle, side-altar, side-bench, side-chancel, side-channel, side-cut, side-drain, side-entrance, side-gate, side outlet, side-path, side turning, side ward, side-window, side-yard, etc.
1711G. Hickes Two Treat. Chr. Priesth. (1847) I. 322 Such tables may be set up in any *side aisle on either side of the chancel. 1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Jrnls. (1872) I. 6 Here in the recess of every arch of the side-aisles..there was a chapel.
1542in Legg Clerk's-bk. (1903) App. viii. 92 Except the Curatt say masse at a *side awter. 1859Jephson Brittany x. 166 Among the side-altars I observed one dedicated to Saint Anne.
c1350Will. Palerne 4565 Þe real rinkes..at þe heiȝe dese, & alle oþer afterward on þe *side benches. c1440Promp. Parv. 455/1 Sydebynche.., subsellium.
1535Coverd. Ezek. xli. 9 The foundacion of the *syde chambres was a meterodde (that is sixe cubites) brode.
1571in Legg Clerk's-bk. (1903) App. iv. 73 The parishe shall have for breakinge the grownd for a pyt, in the *side chanselles x s.
1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 97/2 The sides [of the roadway], where the water is received into the gutters, or *side channels.
1679–88Secr. Serv. Money Chas. & Jas. (Camden) 155 The carving work of the tabernacle and the degrees in the *side chappell at Whitehall. 1866Geo. Eliot F. Holt (1868) 40 The space of a large side-chapel was taken up by the tombs of the Debarrys.
1805Allnutt Navig. Thames 24 The Number of *Side-cuts, Pound-locks, and Weirs, that may be required.
1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 97 Ditches termed open *side drains, are made parallel to the axis of the road.
1907Daily Mail Year Bk. 74/2 In turn the prevailing form of body has been the..*side-entrance phaeton, and the landaulet and limousine. 1926W. W. Jacobs Sea Whispers v. 113 To leave by the side-entrance was the best way of avoiding trouble. 1976Northumberland Gaz. 26 Nov. 18/1 (Advt.), Hall, sitting room,..side entrance, porch.
1814Selby & M. Weighton Road Act ii. 5 When any new *side gate or side gates shall be erected.
1601Holland Pliny II. 482 In his time..men began at Rome to bestow siluer vpon their cupboords and *side liuery tables.
1967Gloss. Sanitation Terms (B.S.I.) 10 *Side outlet tee, a tee which incorporates an additional branch at 90° both to the main pipe and to the leg of the tee. 1972L. M. Harris Introd. Deepwater Floating Drilling Operations x. 98 The subsea blowout-preventer stack..should have two side outlets for the choke and kill-line connections.
1831Scott Ct. Rob. iii, *Side passages opened into it.
1854Dickens Hard T. ii. xii. 250 Indifferent to the rain,..she struck into a *side-path parallel with the ride. 1897Cath. Mag. Oct. 246 A side-path which opened out into a sun⁓baked space. 1924R. Hichens After Verdict ii. vii. 181 She's always in the wholesome centre... No false steps into side-paths for her.
1859Habits of Gd. Society Pref., Two *side⁓pavements and a very bad road.
1535Coverd. Judges xvi. 3 But Samson..toke holde on both y⊇ *syde portes of y⊇ gate of the cite.
1575Appius & Virginia in Hazl. Dodsley IV. 136 And at Simkin's *side-ridge my lord stood talking. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 404 The dung⁓hill should be placed on a head-ridge or side-ridge of the field.
1842Borrow Bible in Spain ii, Our repast..we ate in a little *side room with a mud floor.
1711Steele Spect. No. 14 ⁋15 At the Hay-Market the Undertakers forgetting to change their *Side-scenes. 1850Thackeray Pendennis iv, He watched her at the side-scene—where she stood waiting to come on the stage.
1617Moryson Itin. i. 273 The rest of the *side streetes and allies being of poore building. 1894Hall Caine Manxman v. xxii, Philip turned into a side street.
1775Ann. Reg. i. 117, 13 culverts, 8 *side trunks, and 4 weirs.
1946Law Rep. 5 Oct. 334 She was executing a manoeuvre of turning from the near side into a *side turning on her off-side. 1965M. Spark Mandelbaum Gate iii. 54 He dodged down a side-turning into the shop of an Arab dealer.
1869H. F. Tozer Highl. Turkey I. 299 At last we struck up a *side valley.
1968M. Allingham Cargo of Eagles iii. 42 She shared a *side ward..with two other old ladies.
1535Coverdale Ezek. xl. 16 The chambers and their pilers within, rounde aboute vnto y⊇ dore, had *syde wyndowes. 1851Mantell Petrifactions i. 7 The rooms are lighted by side-windows, instead of by sky-lights. 1959M. Summerton Small Wilderness x. 131, I rolled down the side window. Instantly the car was hazed with incoming fog. 1976Derbyshire Times (Peak ed.) 3 Sept. 6/2 The youth admitted kicking the side window of the car twice.
1879W. Whitman Daybooks, & Notebooks (1978) I. 139 The window where I sit..opens on a spacious *side-yard. 1979Kingston (Ontario) Whig-Standard 29 Mar. 21/2 Narrow side yards could block fire trucks.
b. Denoting ‘situated, placed, or fixed at or on the side of something’, as side armour, side-band, side-beam, side-bolt, side-chest, side-crust, etc.
A number of technical combs. of this kind are fully explained in Knight Dict. Mech. (1875 and 1884).
1883Whitaker's Alm. 445/2 One iron-clad.., 9-in. *side armour. 1889Welch Naval Archit. 141 Ships provided with thick side armour are known as armoured vessels.
1805Dickson Pract. Agric. I. Pl. xxix, This is put across the ends of them lengthways, so as to form a *side band.
1611Cotgr., Iumelles, the cheekes, or *side-beames of a presse.
1688Holme Armoury iii. 306 The several parts of a Bit... The *Side Bolts.
1850R. G. Cumming Hunter's Life S. Afr. (ed. 2) I. 23 Along the sides of the waggon, and outside it, are two longer and narrower chests called *side-chests... The side-chests are very convenient for holding tools.
1780Mirror No. 17 It had..battlements like the *side-crust of a Christmas goose-pye.
1814Scott Wav. xxxv, The well-powdered ears which appeared beneath his neat military *side-curls.
1821― Kenilw. vi, The cushions, *side-curtains, and the very foot-cloth. 1912Motor Manual (ed. 14) iv. 161 The only car for such weather conditions is a covered one, either one with a Cape cart hood with side curtains well down,..or the more complete enclosure of limousine or landaulet. 1980L. Lewis Private Life of Country House iii. 35 We bought a secondhand T model Ford... It..had a hood and talc side-curtains.
c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 777 Hoc calatrale, a *sydedocer.
1862Chambers's Encycl. IV. 349/1 *Side-fishes are long pieces of timber dove-tailed on the opposite sides of a made mast.
1742Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. (1861) II. 185 Order him to send me down a very good coach and four horses with *side-glasses.
1861Dickens Gt. Expect. xxx, He pulled up his shirt-collar, twined his *side-hair.
1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Azicates de espuelas, the *side irons of spurs, Calcarium costæ. 1889Gretton Memory's Harkback 116 The pace..was..quite enough to bid a nervous traveller hold hard by the side-iron.
1863A. Young Naut. Dict. 217 *Side-Keelsons, are additional keelsons laid on the floors, one on each side of the main keelson, to afford additional strength and stability.
1728R. Morris Ess. Anc. Archit. 78 If the Key[stone] be double, the *Side-Key is 1/3 of the Width.
1942*Side parting [see pipe n.1 1 c]. 1982D. Phillips Coconut Kiss v. 43 Grace asked if she could do her hair with a side parting and a slide.
1881Greener Gun 262 With a strong hand turn⁓screw turn out the *side-pins, and remove the locks and hammers together.
1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 513 To take care that this stone lies firm upon solid ground, and..do not indeed take its support from some *side-props.
1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports 347/1 He [a colt] is led about by the cavesson,..without any *side-reins being attached.
1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 306 The Feed-Pump..is also worked by *side-rods.
c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 12 Who attends the *side scale? The right rear⁓man. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 625 Side-scale, a simple graduation..for the quick elevation or depression of the guns.
1513Douglas æneid i. iii. 49 The storme ourset, raif ruvis and *syde semis. 1844Regul. & Ord. Army 154 Top of Front, from Side-Seam to Side-Seam (when Buttoned), 13 Inches.
1876Clin. Soc. Trans. IX. 73, I then applied a well-padded *side-splint with foot-piece to the inner side of the leg.
1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 36 The *side standards, by being brought nearer to the perpendicular situation, are enabled to sustain considerably more weight.
1827H. Steuart Planter's G. (1828) 260 The two *Side-Stays..are made as short as possible, in order to prevent interference with the branches.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 703 The sawpit..has two stout timbers running the whole length, called *side strakes.
1754Bartlet Farriery 356 A is a pad, to which is fastened a circingle B. CC two *side straps, one on each side the horse. 1802James Milit. Dict., Side-straps, in a field carriage, are flat iron bands which go round the side-pieces.
1445–6Durh. Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 630 Pro..x paribus de *Sydtrace ad viij d.
1794Rigging & Seamanship 10 *Side-trees, the lower main pieces of a made-mast. c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 73 Two side trees, one on each side, and dowelled and bolted to the spindle.
1523Fitzherb. Husb. §4 The dryuinge of his *syde-wedges, forewedge, and hele⁓wedge.
1867Amer. Naturalist Aug. 287 Their ears are often tufted, and one species, at least, has ‘*side-whiskers’ formed by the true fur, in addition to the labial bristles which ordinarily receive this name. 1888F. Hume Mme. Midas i. ii, Heavy side whiskers and moustache.
c. Denoting ‘growing out to the side’, as side-bough, side-branch, side-growth, side-spray, etc. See also side-shoot.
1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) II. 29, I am rather for cutting only of the *Side-boughs, than heading of them.
Ibid. 73 If you would not have a Tree put forth *side-Branches, prune them up in February. 1880C. R. Markham Peruv. Bark 80 A rapidly rising, slender, tall stem, devoid of side branches.
1868Rep. U.S. Comm. Agric. (1869) 256 Trimming off such straggling *side growth as may be in the way of the workmen.
1864Hibberd Rose Bk. 89 They will be likely to throw out a good deal of *side-spray that will soon cause the trees to be as crowded as before.
1796W. H. Marshall Midl. Co. (ed. 2) II. 387 Toes or *sidespurns, the spreading roots of trees.
24. a. ‘Directed or tending sideways, exerted or taking effect laterally, indirect,’ etc., as side-beam, side-blow, side-course, side-drawing, side-eye, side-flash, side-glimpse, side-jump, etc.
1935Discovery Nov. 341 (caption) The advantages of a *side-beam:..the beam can be followed as it strikes the objects bordering a country road. 1978R. V. Jones Most Secret War xx. 169 If another aircraft flew down one of the side beams, the result should be a second line intersecting with the first at the exact location of the station.
1692Bentley Boyle Serm. 230 What natural agent could..impell them so strongly with a transverse *side-blow.
1893F. Adams New Egypt 88 The natural trend of the *side-course of the river is from the east to the west.
1884W. S. B. McLaren Spinning 220 The sliver is drawn off by *side-drawing.
1922Joyce Ulysses 48 A *side-eye at my Hamlet hat. 1958J. Kerouac On Road 189 Looking at me with the same wary insolent side-eye.
1889Ruskin Præterita III. 96 It was impossible for him to speak to any one he cared for, without some *side-flash of witty compliment.
1890‘Mark Twain’ Let. 11 Feb. in J. Brown Lett. (1912) 452 The charm of the painter is so strong that one can't keep his entire attention on the developing portrait, but must steal *side-glimpses of the artist.
1869Routledge's Ev. Boy's Ann. 386 As a breaker approaches, meet it by a *side jump.
1828Life Planter Jamaica 345 Wishing..to procure, by *side means, information of who he was.
a1704Locke (J.), The parts of water..will, by a *side motion, be easily removed. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 42 While we work, or study, or converse, we often change our posture, turn our eyes, and make many side motions having no connexion with the purpose we are about.
1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rur. Sports 363/2 The saddle..being small and light will not bear much *side-pull.
1863Hawthorne Our Old Home (1879) 119 Illuminated by some *side-ray from himself.
1820Scott Abbot xxix, The Lady of Lochleven, at whom this *side-shaft was lanched.
1859G. Meredith R. Feverel xvi, With another *side shot at the confidential clerk. 1863W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting iii. 80, I determined on firing at his knee, if I could not get a side-shot between the ear and the eye.
1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) III. 116 He made a *side⁓stroke at me. 1873Bennett & Cavendish Billiards 9 The tip being once added to the cue, side-stroke soon followed as a matter of course.
1781Cowper Retirement 690 To..stab religion with a sly *side-thrust. 1821Lockhart Valerino I. xii. 254 Your side-thrust is the only one I would lay an as upon. 1855Ecclesiologist XVI. 338 The lofty and unstable outer walls of the wide nave would be forced apart by the side-thrust of the vaulting.
1894H. Speight Nidderdale 381 A protective wall, preventing a destructive *side-wash, has been built.
1597J. King On Jonas (1599) 257 It is his will by obliquity, a *side-will, vnproper, vndirect.
b. ‘Seen from, looking towards, the side,’ as side-elevation, side-front. Also side-view.
1775Sheridan Rivals iv. ii, I wish the lady would favour us with something more than a side-front. 1853Ure Dict. Arts (ed. 4) II. 509 Fig. 1193. represents this twin furnace in a side elevation.
c. ‘Spoken aside or in an undertone,’ as side-remark, side soliloquy, side speech, side-talk.
a1910‘Mark Twain’ What is Man? in Harper's Mag. Oct. 673/1 He was treated to many side remarks by his fellows. 1968Economist 3 Feb. 13/1 Formal statistical tables.., so that everybody can tell what each Wilsonian side-remark is meant to mean.
1842S. Lover Handy Andy xxxiv, In a side soliloquy.
1809Malkin Gil Blas xii. iii. ⁋7 This side speech explained to me the plot.
1917G. S. Gordon Let. 14 Feb. (1943) 70 This is all side-talk compared with the great thing that has happened to you. 1931B. Brown Talking Pictures x. 250 The need for silence in the studio is increased, since side talk, coughs, etc., are liable to be picked up.
d. ‘Apart from the main point or course of anything, subsidiary,’ as side-conflict, side-result. See also side-effect, -issue.
1878R. B. Smith Carthage 291 Throughout these first six years..a side conflict was raging in Spain. 1894Westm. Gaz. 15 Nov. 2/1 Such mere side-results as an influx of berry-pickers from London and Liverpool into the holly-growing districts.
25. Objective and parasynthetic, as side-convulsing, side-piercing, side-shaking; side-mouthed, side-sighted, side-spotted, side-striped.
1605Shakes. Lear iv. vi. 85 O thou side-piercing sight! 1751Smollett Per. Pic. xciii, Various distortions and side-shakings. 1818Shelley Rosalind 1065 Forcing the point of a barbed dart Into its side-convulsing heart. 1861Swinburne Queen Mother iii. i, Cunning little heads And side-mouthed puppets quaintly cut on it. 1879Man. Artill. Exerc. 201 The 80-pr. is side-sighted, and has drop trunnion sights. 1899W. T. Greene Cage-Birds 60 The Diamond Sparrow..is a pretty bird, and is also called the Side-spotted Finch. 1899F. V. Kirby Sport E.C. Africa 324 Side⁓striped Jackal (Canis adustus).
26. Forming combs. used attributively, as side-spring boot, etc. (See also side-wheel in 27.)
1832J. Rennie Consp. Butterfl. & Moths 178 The Side Spot Triangle. 1862Illustr. Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 4962, The ordinary side-spring boots. 1884W. S. B. McLaren Spinning (ed. 2) 218 The side-drawing method secures a very large amount of doubling. 1892Greener Breech Loader 17 The side-lever snap-action gun. 1898Daily News 10 May 6/2 A big thousand ton side⁓paddle frigate. 1907Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 629/2 Plain quality side-lock hammerless guns. 1955R. Churchill Game Shooting iv. ii. 193 Apart from the action of fully-automatic guns, all game guns are built either with what is called the sidelock action or the box lock.
27. Special combs., as side action Pharm. = side effect 2; side-axe, an axe with a handle slightly bent to one side; side band Telecommunication, a band of frequencies above or below a carrier frequency, within which lie the frequencies produced by modulation of the carrier; side-basset (see quot. 1860); side-bet, a bet of one side against another; side-bit, a part of a shirt; side boy (see quot. 1846); side-burn [alteration of burnside, after side-hair, etc.] orig. U.S., a short side-whisker; usu. pl.; hence side-burned a.; side-burthen (see quot.); side chair, an upright wooden chair without arms; side circuit Teleph. (see quot. 1916); side counter-timber Naut. (see quot.); side-cousin, ? one not quite a cousin; side cut Oil Industry = side stream (b) below; side-cutting (see quot.); side-drawn a., sketched from the side; side drift Mining, etc., a horizontal tunnel leading off the main passage (cf. drift n. 15); side-drum, a drum which is slung at the side of the performer; also in Jazz, etc.: a drum (usu. part of a set) placed on a stand beside the performer; side-entry, (a) a side-entrance; an area outside the side-door of a house; (b) Bridge, a card providing access to a hand in a suit other than trumps (cf. entry 1 f); side-file (see quot.); side-filister, a form of plane; side-forming (see quots.); side frequency Telecommunication, a particular frequency in a side band, equal, in the case of amplitude modulation, to the carrier frequency plus or minus a particular modulating frequency; side gallery, either of the two galleries along the side of the debating chamber of the House of Commons, divided to seat Members and others; † side-glass v., ? to ogle through the side-glass of a coach; side-grafting (see quot.); † side-half: on side-half, apart; a side-half, about; † side-hand, on one side of (see also sidenhand); side-handed a., indirect; † side-hankle v., to hobble (a horse) on one side; † side-haying, hedging at the sides of land; side-head(ing) Journalism (see quot. 1889); † side-hinge, a butt-hinge; side-hold Mountaineering, a hold in which the rock is gripped from the side; side-hook (see quot. 1825); side-ill Sc., some disease in sheep; side-ladder (see quots.); side lamp, a lamp placed at the side (see also quot. 1885); spec. of a motor vehicle = side-light 3 c; side-land, a strip of land lying along the side of a ploughed field; also attrib., sloping (cf. Eng. Dial. Dict.); side-laning, -lay (see quots.); side lever Mech., each of two beams located on the sides of some forms of steam engine, which transmit motion from the cross-head of the pistons to the connecting rods; side-loader, a fork-lift truck in which the fork is located at the side of the vehicle; side lobe, any lobe in the response or radiation pattern of a radio aerial other than the central, or main, lobe; side-lock, † (a) pl. that part of a wig that covers the ears and neck; (b) a lock of hair worn at the side of the head (also fig.); side-mark (see quots.); side mill Engin., a circular milling cutter with teeth on its face, so that it cuts in the direction of its axis of rotation; also, a cylindrical cutter used with its axis parallel to the surface of the workpiece, so that the cutting action occurs along its length; hence side milling vbl. n.; side-nippers (see quot.); side-note, a note made or placed at the side of a page; side-partner U.S. colloq., a close associate at work; hence, a colleague or ‘side kick’; side-piece, a piece fixed or attached at one side (see also quots.); side-plane, a plane which cuts at the side (Knight, 1875); side-plate (see quots.); side play Mech., freedom of movement from side to side; side reaction Chem., a subsidiary reaction taking place in a chemical system at the same time as a more important reaction; side rebate- or rebating-plane (see quots.); side-rest (see quot.); side-rib (see quots.); side road, (a) a minor or subsidiary road; a road leading from or to a main road; (b) spec. (Canad.) in Ontario, a road which passes along the side boundary of a concession; side salad, a salad served as a side dish; † side-school Sc., a small school in an out-of-the-way district; side scraper Archæol., a broad flint implement with a scraping edge on one of the longer sides of the flake (cf. racloir); side-screen, † (a) in landscape, a secondary feature set on both sides of the principal to show perspective; (b) one of the side-curtains of a open motor vehicle (in quot. 1970, of the cab of a railway locomotive); † side-scription, a former Scottish method of subscribing documents (cf. side-sign); side-seat, (a) the mode of sitting on horseback which accompanies a side-saddle; (b) a seat facing or placed at the side in any form of transport; † side-sele (?); † side-sign v., to sign (a document) by writing the name at the side, where the sheets are pasted together; † side-span v. (see quot.); side-split Canad., a split-level house with fewer storeys on one side than the other; side-splitter, a very funny story, farce, etc.; side-splitting a., that convulses with merriment, extremely funny; also as vbl. n.; hence side-splittingly adv.; side-stream, (a) a tributary stream or subsidiary current; also fig.; (b) Oil Industry, a fraction drawn off at an intermediate tray in a distillation column; side-stroke Swimming, a stroke employed in swimming on the side; also as advb.; side suit, in Cards, a suit other than trumps, esp. (in Bridge) a long suit; side-sway, (a) a rolling motion from side to side in a moving vehicle; (b) a sideways movement or displacement of the upper part of a building or structure as a result of wind pressure; side-tackle, U.S. in football, one or other of two players stationed at each end of the rush-line; side-taking, taking one side or other in a dispute, etc.; side tone Teleph., the reproduction of the user's voice in a telephone receiver; a sound so heard; side-tool, a tool cutting on the side, used in wood-turning; side-trawler, a trawler in which the nets are set and hauled over the sides; side trip, a detour or deviation (also fig.); a voyage or excursion aside from the main journey, esp. for sightseeing; side valve Mech., a valve that is mounted alongside the cylinder in an internal-combustion engine and opens into a sideways extension of the combustion chamber; freq. attrib.; side-wheel, attrib., of steamers, having paddle-wheels at the sides; side wheeler, (a) a side-wheel steamer; (b) U.S. Baseball, a side-arm or left-handed pitcher; (c) U.S., a pacing horse with a rolling gait (see quots.); side-wing Theatr. = wing n. 9 c; also transf. in pl., side-whiskers (slang); side-work, (a) in fortification, a lateral work; (b) the action of bounding sidewards, on the part of a horse.
1933M. B. Muse Pharmacol. & Therapeutics i. 42 Morphine sulphate..when administered as an analgesic has numerous *side actions some of which are harmless.
1875Carpentry & Join. 8 The *side axe.., with one bevel, is free from this drawback, as it is held with the blade vertical.
1922Proc. I.R.E. X. 363 A modulated radio telephone wave consists of two components, one, the carrier frequency itself and the other, the so-called *side bands, which are the actual modulated components. 1943Electronic Engin. XV. 339/2 If only one side-band is received, a local oscillator must supply the suppressed carrier frequency..before the detector stage. 1974Physics Bull. Mar. 91/2 Attention was drawn to..the use of side bands generated in the visible region by laser mixing techniques as an alternative to direct comparison of infrared and visible wavelengths.
1686*Side-basset [see basset n.3]. 1860Eng. & For. Mining Gloss. (ed. 2) 78 Side-bassett, a transverse direction, or at right angles with the line of dip.
1894H. H. Gardener Unoff. Pat. 277 The *side bet, as they called it, must be won. 1897Westm. Gaz. 6 Feb. 6/1 If Mr. Ives wishes to challenge me for the championship I shall be pleased to accept and make a side-bet of any amount he wishes.
1840Barham Ingol. Leg. Ser. ii. Aunt Fanny v, One of those queer little three-corner'd straps, Which..ladies call *‘Side-bits’, that sever the ‘Flaps’.
1823J. F. Cooper Pilot I. iii. 31 The shrill whistle of the boat-swains mate, as he recalled the *side⁓boys. 1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 283 Side-boys, in a ship of war, are boys employed to take charge of the man-ropes, and attend on any officers or other individuals coming on board from or going off in a boat. 1916‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin i. 2 Eyed critically by the grinning side-boy and the messenger. 1977Navy News Sept. 25/2 Shipmate Fred Talbot was nominated ‘side boy’ for the evening and he piped the Mayor aboard.
1887Chicago Jrnl. 1 Aug., McGarigle has his mustache and small *sideburns still on. 1936G. Greene Journey without Maps ii. iv. 197 He was..handsome in his native robe and his sideburns. 1977‘J. le Carré’ Hon. Schoolboy xii. 264 Cy..had sideburns and..looked like a Mormon missionary.
1941B. Schulberg What makes Sammy Run? iv. 75 A swarthy, *sideburned Latin. 1976Listener 29 July 103/1 The headmaster, the richly sideburned Mr Terry Ellis.
1857P. Colquhoun Comp. Oarsman's G. 31 *Side burthens are extra thwarts laid in provisionally to carry sitters.
1905*Side chair [see rocker1 4 b]. 1968Canadian Antiques Collector July 32 (Advt.), Sheraton side chairs in mahogany with red damask upholstery. Circa 1810.
1916Standard. Rules Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 95 A *side circuit is a two-wire circuit forming one side of a phantom circuit. 1957W. Fraser Telecommunications v. 122 It is possible to transmit speech on the phantom circuit without interference to either side-circuit.
c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 147 *Side counter timber, the stern⁓timber which partakes of the shape of the topside, and heels upon the end of the wing transom.
1875Tennyson Q. Mary ii. iii, And little Jenny—though she's but a *side-cousin.
1949Our Industry (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. Ltd.) (ed. 2) iii. 95 Reverting now to the question of drawing off ‘*side-cuts’, the product on any one tray must always be contaminated by some traces of lighter components. 1970W. G. Roberts Quest for Oil viii. 85 At the point where we wish to draw off side-cuts or intermediate fractions, special trays are put in.
1842Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. V. 84/2 The cutting..was in the line of railway, or what is called back-cutting, in contradistinction to earth got out of the line, which is called *side-cutting.
1649G. Daniel Trinarch. To Rdr. 166 To run vneuen as a Roman Face *Side-drawne.
1872‘Mark Twain’ Roughing It 279 He disappeared in the gloom of a ‘*side drift’ just as a head appeared in the mouth of the shaft. 1940Chambers's Techn. Dict. 768/1 Side drift, an adit.
c1800Busby Dict. Mus., *Side-drum, the common military Drum. 1856Berlioz Instrument. 231 The side-drum is only a drum longer than the preceding one. 1875Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms, Side-drum, a small military drum frequently used in the orchestra. 1926–7[see gong-drum s.v. gong2 1 c]. 1956Side-drum [see boomy a.].
1885S. O. Jewett Marsh Island 195 The old farmer and his crony moved their chairs into the square *side-entry. 1901W. Churchill Crisis 13 He did not discuss his ambitions at dinner with the other clerks in the side entry. 1958Listener 23 Oct. 669/2 North is unlikely to have the heart suit and a side entry. 1977Homes & Gardens Feb. 14 The hand with the long suit has few side-entries.
1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 808/1 *Side File, for trimming up the outside edges of the cutting points of saws after setting, to prevent setting.
1875Carpentry & Join. 28 The *side filister is a rebate plane of more complicated..construction, being fitted with shifting guides or fences regulating the depth and width of cut.
1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 97/1 To make what is termed a *side forming, which is done by raising the whole embankment at once. 1842Francis Dict. Arts, Side Forming, a road-way formed by paring down part of a hill or other steep, so as to form a road upon the side of it.
1925Proc. I.R.E. XIII. 295 In the case of the *side frequencies produced by the modulator tube and delivered through the circuit.. there will be no emfs. to balance them out and they will be impressed upon the amplifer. 1978P. H. Smale Telecommunication Systems ii. 18 The sum of carrier and modulating signal frequencies is called the upper sidefrequency.
1883T. E. May Treat. on Law, Privileges, Proc. & Usage of Parliament (ed. 9) xi. 341 A member may speak from the *side galleries, appropriated to members, but not from below the bar. 1930B. Fell Palace of Westminster 41 The seating on the floor of the House accommodates 368 members and there is room in the side galleries for another 82. a1974R. Crossman Diaries (1976) II. 402 During the all-night sitting on the Abortion Bill the side galleries would have to be closed because otherwise there would be no door-keepers.
1689Shadwell Bury F. 111, Then will I..to the Park. Wildish. So will I; where I will *Side-glass you. 1693― Volunteers iv. i, My side-glassing you at the park.
1704Dict. Rust. (1726) s.v. Graft, *Side Grafting;..take off from a smooth part in the West side, as much Bark as [etc.].
c1400Love Bonavent. Mirr. I. (1908) 263 Oure lorde Jesu came and aperede to hir.., gretynge hir on *side half in thise wordes. c1400Found. St. Barth. vii, Herry the first xxxty yere, and a sidehalfe [L. circiter] the thirde yeare of his reigne.
1577–87Harrison Descr. Brit. xiii. in Holinshed 71 The Avon riseth at Navesbie in the borders of North-hamptonshire, a little *side hand of Gillesborow. 1579–80North Plutarch (1612) 603 He turned his horse head vpon a sudden, and leauing his enemies side-hand of him that had him in chase, he closely stole by them.
1845Thackeray Leg. Rhine xiii, She made some *side⁓handed enquiries regarding Otto.
1621Sanderson Serm. I. 189 A third sort [are]..like an unruly colt... These would be well fettered and *side-hanckled for leaping.
1610W. Folkingham Art Surv. ii. ii. 49 Compound Contiguall Boundage is more significant, as *side-haying, head-shawing.
1889Cent. Dict., *Side-head... In printing, a heading or a sub⁓head run in at the beginning of a paragraph, instead of being made a separate line. 1964New Statesman 21 Feb. 303/3 We shall present these pieces in a way which makes their character as editorial opinion less equivocal, by prefixing a generic side-head. 1971D. Ayerst Guardian xxiv. 347 The Guardian gave Churchill only those two or three lines towards the end of the story below a modest side-head: ‘The Home Secretary’.
1968Heidelberg News Sept. 4/1 Send him a picture and supply a caption as a *side heading.
1679Moxon Mech. Exerc. ix. 160 In a Battend-door,..they use Cross-Garnets. If a Fram'd Door, *Side Hinges.
1920G. W. Young Mountain Craft iv. 162 ‘*Side’-holds, where the edge or point of rock projects and is grasped sideways. 1977D. Law Starting Mountaineering & Rock Climbing vi. 68 Most of the holds for jamming are side holds, but some can be used for a vertical pull-up.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Builder 252 Every joiner should have, at least, two *side-hooks of equal size. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 585 A flat piece of wood, which has two projectiing knobs, on opposite sides, one at each end, called a side-hook, is used, to keep the piece which has to undergo the operation of the saw steady.
17..Patie's Wedding in Herd Coll. (1776) II. 190 I'se cut the craig o' the ewe That had amaist died of the *Side-ill.
1798Middleton View Agric. M'sex. 87 These carts, with the addition of movable head, tail, and *side ladders or copps, carry hay, corn, and straw. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 624 Side ladder, or Accommodation-ladder, a complete staircase structure used in harbour by most large ships. 1891C. Roberts Adrift Amer. 232 There was a side ladder over, which I got hold of, and..climbed on board.
1826J. O'Keefe Recoll. Life I. x. 376 His shaggy dress took fire from the *side-lamps. 1885E. B. Ivatts Railway Management at Stations 550 Lamp (side), lamps for showing red lights at the two sides of guards' vans at the end of a train, as signals to an approaching train..and white lights towards the engine driver to enable him looking back to see that no portion of his train has broken away. 1912Motor Manual (ed. 14) iii. 124 It is possible..to adapt electric lighting very successfully to any car, both for interior lighting of limousines and landaulets, and for head, side and rear lamps. 1963Times 30 Apr. 13/4 The many heavy lorries which..only have one pin-head size nearside sidelamp in the town.
1763Museum Rust. (ed. 2) I. 101 This practice of carrying the upper bed of earth from the head and *side lands on to the field, is very common among the Essex farmers. 1828Sporting Mag. XXIII. 104 The sideland, uneven parts of ground such as small mole-hills. 1838Holloway Prov. Dict., Sidelands, the outside parts of a ploughed field, adjoining the hedges, running parallel with the lands or warps.
1860Eng. & For. Mining Gloss. (ed. 2) 78 *Side-laning, making the gate-road (when abandoned for that purpose)..part of the new side of work.
1576Turberv. Venerie 246 You may deuide your Greyhounds into three sundry parts, viz. Teasers, *Sidelayes, and Backsets, or Receytes. Ibid. 247 The sidelayes are to be let slippe at y⊇ side of a Deare or after him. 1888Jacobi Printer's Vocab. 125 Side lay, the margin of a given measurement on one side of a sheet in printing. 1946A. Monkman in H. Whetton Pract. Printing & Binding v. 64/2 Assuming the ordinary half-sheet of sixteens is on the machine, and the side-lay for printing the first side is at the foot of page 1, there would be a regular and accurate margin from page 1.
1839*Side lever [see sway-beam s.v. sway-]. 1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 305 The curved sweep which the ends of the side-levers describe. 1882Sennett & Oram Marine Steam Engine i. i. 3 The side-lever type of engine, though very heavy and occupying a large space for the power developed, was safe and reliable. 1939H. W. Dickinson Short Hist. Steam Engine vi. 108 This type was taken up by other makers under the name of the side⁓lever engine, and remained for about forty years the established type for marine-engine practice. 1960Times 16 Mar. (Canberra Suppl.) p. iv/6 The forward bulkhead..must move one frame aft to accommodate the mechanism of the *side-loader. 1973Scotsman 19 Feb. 3/1 (Advt.), We produce the largest and most versatile range of frontlift and sideloader trucks in the UK.
1946Proc. I.R.E. XXXIV. 335/2 After either the *side-lobe level or the position of the first null is specified, the position of the other nulls and of the side lobes can be found by simple calculation. 1975D. G. Fink Electronics Engineers' Handbk. xxv. 25 In angle, the response function χ(θ,ϕ) is simply the antenna pattern... It has a main lobe in the direction to which it is matched, and side lobes extending over all visible space.
1688R. Holme Academy of Armory ii. xviii. 463/2 The *side Locks, are those as cover and keep warm the ears and neck, being a degree shorter than the former [sc. ‘The Bottom Locks’]. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xxxii, Always giving his side-locks a twirl. 1889Century Mag. Sept. 710/1 The monuments represent him as a prince and nothing more, still wearing the side-lock of juniority. 1944S. Bellow Dangling Man 23 The street..presented itself in one of its winter aspects, creased and with thin sidelocks of snow. 1978I. B. Singer Shosha xi. 196 Old women in bonnets of beads and ribbons, men with white beards and sidelocks.
1818Hazlitt Eng. Poets vii. (1870) 164 The *side-mark of the age at which they were done, wears out in works destined for immortality. 1888Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 125 Side mark, the fixed mark on the side which a sheet is laid to in printing on a machine.
1898H. S. Wilson Practical Tool-Maker & Designer i. 15 Select some good-sized straddle or *side mills. 1954H. W. Porter et al. Machine Shop Operations & Setups ix. 312 This makes it possible to finish two or more parallel surfaces at the same time by using two or more side mills.
1910D. de Vries Milling Machines xv. 449 The sharpening of the left side teeth of a *side milling cutter with a cup wheel. 1954H. W. Porter et al. Machine Shop Operations & Setups ix. 312 Straddle milling requires two side-milling cutters. 1973J. G. Tweeddale Materials Technol. II. vi. 146 Side-milling uses a cylindrical multifluted cutter (usually spirally fluted) which rotates on an axis parallel to the workpiece and is traversed across it to cut, progressively, tangentially into it.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 906 Other cutting pliers called *side-nippers are oblique.
1776W. Robertson Let. 8 Apr. in Corr. Adam Smith (1977) 193, I should wish that in the 2d Edition you would give..what the Book-sellers call *Side-notes. 1858Froude Hist. England IV. 537 Persons..who have observed the traces of his pen in sidenotes and corrections. 1890N.Y. Even. Post 23 May 8/2 The arrest was made by the witness's *side partner, it being his night off. 1921R. D. Paine Comrades Rolling Ocean ix. 159 We shall have to consult my side-partner, Briscoe.
1802James Milit. Dict. s.v. Rider, The axle-tree, upon which the *side-pieces rest, in a four-wheel carriage. 1849Side-piece [see mob-cap]. 1854A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss., Side-pieces, the longitudinal pieces of timber lying under the rafters between the ridge and wall-plates. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 625 Side⁓pieces, parts of a made mast. 1928Daily Express 16 Aug. 5/2 A car (with a left-hand drive and a hood but no side-pieces).
1680Lond. Gaz. No. 1532/4 A Pair of French Pistols,..the Stocks of Maple, Silver *side-plates, and Silver Caps. 1756C. Smart tr. Horace, Sat. ii. iv, I am found to be the first that served up this grape with apples in neat little side-plates. 1879tr. Haeckel's Evol. Man I. 303 The two lateral portions of the mesoderm..are usually called side-plates.
1861J. Bourne Treat. Steam-Engine (ed. 5) viii. 352/1 The guide blocks are of brass, and in wearing down they maintain their position in the groove. This mode of construction prevents *side play. 1905E. C. C. Baly Spectroscopy iii. 50 It is..necessary that the jaws move smoothly in their grooves without any trace of side play. 1934Webster, *Side reaction. 1936Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LVIII. 2210/2 The small deviations observed..may be due to the fact that the side reactions..are more prominent in one case than in the other. 1973Sci. Amer. Oct. 60/3 High-energy intermediates are frequently formed in chemical syntheses, but if they are not isolated from water or other reactive substances, they decompose in side reactions that lower the yield of the reaction.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 489 When..the rebate plane is meant to cut at the side, it is called the *side-rebate plane.
1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 582 The former are used to smooth the side of a rebate, and therefore are called *side rebating-planes.
1680Moxon Mech. Exerc. x. 181 Turnners have another Rest, called the *Side-Rest. This they use when they Turn the flat sides of Boards.
1582Stanyhurst æneis iv. (Arb.) 103 Thee top wyth *sideryb of Atlas He sees. 1844Regul. & Ord. Army 106 New side rib for carbine, with ring fitted. 1852Seidel Organ 37 Between the upper and under-board there are six boards,..four longer ones, two on each side of the bellows, called side⁓ribs.
1854T. C. Keefer Ottawa 72 The municipalities have taxed themselves too heavily for the main road..to be able to build also the *side roads. 1873Woodstock (Ontario) Sentinel 5 Dec. 3/4 To Joseph Whaley for pine timber for culvert on first side road, $1.00. 1958R. Liddell Morea ii. viii. 190 South of Argos, a side-road, off the main road to Tripolis, leads to Kefalári. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 13 Feb. 3/6 The partly frozen body..was found Sunday beside the Nixon Side-road. 1976Western Mail (Cardiff) 22 Nov. 1/2 The other man was seen standing..near a vehicle on a little-used side road.
[1951F. Brobeck Good Salad Bk. 9 A small salad served with the main course, or after it, on a decorative plate is the old⁓fashioned side dish salad.] 1972D. Sale Love Bite ii. xvii. 212 She..helped herself to a *side salad of avocado in French dressing. 1980P. Ableman Shoestring's Finest Hour iv. 73, I queued for a hefty portion of shepherd's pie and a side salad.
1863Good Words 727 In the more distant valleys where even the small *side-schools could not penetrate.
1872J. Evans Anc. Stone Implements xiii. 272 When the instrument is broader than it is long, it has been termed a *side scraper. 1921R. A. S. Macalister Text-Bk. European Archaeol. I. vii. 321 The side⁓scraper.., a flake with secondary chipping along one edge, making it fit to scrape the interior of hides in preparing garments. 1977Sci. Amer. Nov. 126/2 Among the Upper Industry tools at Hoxne were a small number of the flake implements that are traditionally called ‘side scrapers’ and are presumed to have played a role in the dressing of hides.
1782W. Gilpin Observ. on River Wye ii. 8 Every view on a river, thus circumstanced [with steep banks], is composed of four grand parts; the area, which is the river itself; the two *side-screens, which are the opposite banks, and mark the perspective; and the front-screen, which points out the winding of the river. a1817Jane Austen Northang. Abb. (1818) I. xiv. 263 He talked of fore-grounds, distances, and second distances—side⁓screens and perspectives. 1932News Chron. 6 Aug. 3/5 The assailant thrust a six-chambered revolver through a side-screen and fired. 1958L. Durrell Mountolive xv. 276 He drove up..in his pennoned car, rejoicing in..the whickering of wind at the side-screens. 1970N. Fleming Czech Point xiv. 191 The canvas sidescreens to the cab flapped in the wind. 1978A. Price '44 Vintage xiii. 160 The staff car..with a closed canvas hood and side⁓screens.
1838W. Bell Dict. Law Scotland 916 *Side-scription.
1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports 538 In spite of her *side⁓seat, the body should be square to the front. 1889Cent. Dict., Side-seat,..in a vehicle of any kind, a seat with the back against the side of the vehicle, as usually in a horse-car or omnibus. 1901Daily News 5 July 4 In the stern with the side-seats out there is room for 3 or 4 drift-nets. 1922Joyce Ulysses 591 The car and horse..turn. Corny Kelleher on the sideseat sways his head to and fro in sign of mirth at Bloom's plight.
1395in East Anglian Ser. ii. IV. 85, j *sydsele, & j londplate & j rast.
1708J. Chamberlayne Pres. St. Gt. Brit. (1710) 418 If there be more Sheets than one in the Decreit, the Principal Clerk *side-signs the joyning of every Two Sheets.
1750Ellis Mod. Husb. VI. ii. 97 *Side-span [sheep], as we call it, by tying a fore-leg to a hind-leg, with an allowance for length of string.
1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 15 Jan. 23/1 (Advt.), Why not see this spacious *side-split..in Etobicoke?
1864Harper's Mag. Feb. 422/1, I send you three samples [of letters].., hoping thereby to reciprocate some of your *side-splitters. 1903A. M. Binstead Pitcher in Paradise v. 133 As regards poetry I have already had a sidesplitter entitled ‘Don't chalk your cue before a lady’ accepted by Mr Arthur Roberts.
1860S. Mordecai Virginia xiv. 188 These among other *side-splitting tales, which he told and acted with the skill of a Matthews. 1881Daily Telegr. 27 Dec., This..past master of the art of side-splitting. 1881Harper's Monthly LXIII. 266 No matter how side-splitting the story might be. 1907A. Bennett Grim Smile Five Towns 7 Something *side-splittingly funny—one of the best jokes that ever occurred. 1970Daily Tel. 6 Aug. 6/2 The reader is..given an at times side-splittingly funny account of the eccentricities of Frazer and his wife.
1900Knowledge 1 Dec. 273/1 The rotten condition of the surface is seen when one of the larger *side-streams cuts its way down to the Durance. 1935Petroleum (Inst. Petroleum Technologists) 84 The provision made for taking side-streams has greatly extended the usefulness of the fractionating tower. 1939John o' London's Weekly (Suppl.) 9 June p. ii/2 The cliffs of Norfolk and Suffolk are menaced by the sidestream of a tidal current that flows westwards into the Wash. 1960Times 29 Sept. 15/7 His writings are in the stimulating side-stream of scholarly diaries. 1973D. Andersen Ways Harsh & Wild i. 42 You'll see the waves splashing up the sides of the canyon and falling back to form a hogsback in midstream that's a yard higher than the sidestreams. 1973R. Priestley in G. D. Hobson Mod. Petroleum Technol. (ed. 4) viii. 271 Products of a volatility intermediate between the overhead and bottoms products are withdrawn as sidestreams.
1867C. Steedman Man. Swimming 105 The five movements—three for the legs and two for the arms—required for the performance of the *side stroke. a1936Kipling Something of Myself (1937) ii. 34 One set of verses which exactly set the time for my side-stroke when I bathed in the big rollers. 1962A. Sexton All my Pretty Ones 55 The old-fashioned side stroke. 1976J. McClure Rogue Eagle xi. 185 Buchanan..waded in and swam sidestroke downstream of the gelding.
1952I. Macleod Bridge is Easy Game xiv. 181 The commonest case is when dummy has a long solid *side suit. 1960C. H. Goren New Contract Bridge in Nutshell 13 In a side suit, the fourth card is considered a long card. 1974National Skat & Sheepshead Q. Mar./Apr. 29 This decision is based upon the official rule of calling a side suit ace.
1930*Sidesway [see rolling vbl. n.2 6 b.]. 1932Cross & Morgan Continuous Frames of Reinforced Concrete iv. 108 In many problems in the analysis of rigid frames..a solution assuming no movement of the joints does not satisfy statistics because the shear in all columns of any one story is not equal to the known shear in that story. This indicates sidesway..of the frame sufficient to make σH = O. 1961E. Lightfoot Moment Distribution v. 123 After moments have been apportioned to the frame,..a single or double cycle of joint balance and carry-over is performed (with the frame restrained against sidesway). 1980Daily Tel. 11 June 14/5 [In the Princess] fast cornering producing rather a lot of side-sway.
1891N.Y. Tribune 20 Oct. 5/4 (Funk), He was..*side-tackle on his college foot-ball team.
1640Bp. Hall Episc. ii. 140 Emulation and *side-takings amongst, and against their teachers. 1898B. Gregory Side Lights 504 Side-taking does not become party.
1917G. D. Shepardson Telephone Apparatus xiv. 234 Some arrangements seem to give more trouble than others from ‘*side-tones’, whereby the speaker hears his own words too strongly. a1944K. Douglas Alamein to Zem Zem (1946) 38 The operator..breathed and hummed into the microphone, listening for sidetone. 1978Sci. Amer. Mar. 59/1 Too little side tone gives the telephone an unnatural ‘dead’ sound and tends to cause the user to talk too loudly.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 516 For the insides of cylinders, the *side-tool..is sometimes used.
1962J. Tunstall Fishermen ii. 46 The whole-freezer *side⁓trawler is a..compromise solution in which conventional side-trawling is retained.
a1911D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) II. viii. 212 He's got a nasty streak in him... He put me on the Island once for a little *side trip I made. 1929L. F. Carr Amer. Challenged 3 He was forced to borrow money for a little side trip to New York. 1966Guardian 24 Dec. 4/3 Another family..spent three weeks in Jutland, with a side trip of a couple of days in Copenhagen. 1979N. & I. Lyons Champagne Blues 78, I..make arrangements for special side trips, room supplements, extended tour packages.
1928Daily Mail Year Bk. p. lxiv, 3·49 H.P. *side valve ‘sports’ model. 1946[see L 3]. 1973J. Leasor Host of Extras ix. 179 My heart was pounding like an old side-valve engine on a long hill when the ignition's too retarded.
1857M. F. Maury in Corbin Life (1888) 135 She was a *side-wheel steamer.
1884Harper's Mag. Mar. 514/1 Such boats as they are!—*side-wheelers and stern-wheelers. 1911Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide 277 Redfern, side-wheeler, with Flowers, McFarlin and Reis with the other end up, made the pitching department a clever one. 1926Amer. Speech I. 369/2 [Baseball] They are ‘south-paws’ or ‘port-siders’ or ‘side-wheelers’ when they are left-handed. 1936Literary Digest 1 Aug. 35/2 Pacers have a rolling, lunging movement that has earned them the nickname of ‘wigglers’ or ‘side-wheelers’. Left front and left rear legs come up together, followed by a counterbalancing lunge to the right. 1948Times Digest (Richmond, Va.) 15 Mar. 17/4 The lanky Cincinnati Reds' sidewheeler has added a new pitch to his repertoire. 1953Sun (Baltimore) 10 Aug. b15/2 Mac Hayman [will]..handle the speedy sidewheeler in her three stake engagements at the Ocean Downs Raceway.
1707E. Settle Siege of Troy iii. 23 The Scene opens and discovers a Grove..over a Tarras Walk, is seen a Beautiful Garden of six *side Wings. 1811L. Sumbel Mem. Life III. 220 And a fourth, with locks bushed out on his temples, burlesquing the side-wings of your noble head. 1814Jane Austen Mansf. Park I. xiii. 257 Just a side wing or two run up..and three or four scenes to be let down. 1881Atlantic Monthly Sept. 402/1 It seems as if certain actors in some preceding comedy of his were standing at the side-wings, and critically watching the progress of the after-piece.
1748Smollett Rod. Rand. I. 302 A *sidework composed of earth gabions or fascines. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 102, I [never] saw a new arrival that could sit a buck-jumper, even if he only propped straight forward, and didn't do any side-work.
▸ side-blown adj. † (a) (of an egg) hollowed out by blowing through one of a pair of holes made in opposite sides (obs.); (b) Music designating a flute or other wind instrument played by blowing into an aperture along the side, near the upper end; cf. end-blown adj. (b) at end n. Additions
1889Science Nov. 342/2, I have forty varieties of birds' eggs, *side blown, first class in sets, with full data. 1896Proc. Musical Assoc. Feb. 104 (note) Well executed drawings of the side-blown flute. 2006Guardian 13 Apr. i. 25/4 A siwa, or side-blown horn, carved from ivory in the 17th century by the coastal Swahili people.
▸ side impact n. (a) a collision between motor vehicles in which one vehicle hits the side of another; (b) attrib., designating such a collision; (also) designating measures incorporated into the design of a vehicle intended to protect occupants against the effects of such a collision.
1962R. A. Wolf in Impact Acceleration Stress 50 The number of passengers for front-impact accidents is 12,252, while those for side-impact accidents are 3,345. 1962R. A. Wolf in Impact Acceleration Stress 52 Some side impacts..cause so much buckling and deformation of the frame..that the best locks cannot hold. 1980Washington Post (Nexis) 31 Dec. a1 The only other safety features that added more than $10 to the wholesale cost of cars..are crash-resistant bumpers, $54; three-point seatbelts and retractors, $37, and side impact beams, $24. 1989Car & Driver Oct. 34/1 Swedish researchers have found that side-impacts are second only to head-ons in causing injuries. 1998Daily Tel. (Electronic ed.) 29 May Their side-impact protection was not enough to prevent possible chest injury to the driver.
▸ side-necked turtle n. (also side-neck turtle) any of several freshwater turtles constituting the suborder Pleurodira, characterized by long necks that fold sideways (rather than retracting backwards) under the shell for concealment.
1937R. Hesse Ecol. Animal Geogr. 109 Direct connections between the southern continents are accordingly not required to explain the present distribution of the *side-necked turtles. 1996S. D. Cooper in T. R. McClanahan & T. P. Young E. Afr. Ecosystems vi. 157 Among reptiles, omnivorous turtles, such as the side-necked turtle, and predatory crocodilians are common inhabitants of river and floodplain habitats. 2001Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 15 July o2 Wildlife possibilities are exceptional, with sightings of woolly monkeys, giant otters,..macaws and side neck turtles.
▸ side-stream n. a stream of smoke emitted by a cigarette, etc., that is not directly inhaled by the smoker; cf. sidestream smoke n. at Additions
1945Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 31 390 The innocent bystander receives the sidestream rich in ammonia and other alkaline substances quite irritating to the eye and nasal passages. 1996Med. Post (Nexis) 12 Mar. 60 Passive smoke—which includes sidestreams from burning cigarettes and exhaled mainstream smoke—has been associated with respiratory illness and asthma in children.
▸ sidestream smoke n. smoke emitted by a cigarette, etc., that is not directly inhaled by the smoker; cf. mainstream smoke at mainstream adj. 1.
1958Science 28 Nov. 1345/3 The same polycyclic fraction was obtained from this solution and from the main- and *sidestream smoke by the methods used with the previous samples. 1998Pipes & Tobaccos Summer 44/1 I've been smoking this in a full-bent pipe and the sidestream smoke can really tickle the nostrils as it drifts around.
▪ II. side, n.2 slang.|saɪd|
[Of doubtful origin; perhaps identical with prec. (? in sense 14 d), but cf. side a. 4.]
Pretentiousness, swagger, conceit. Freq. in phr. to put on side, to give oneself airs.
1878Hatton Cruel London viii. ii, Cool, downy cove, who puts side on. 1880Payn Confid. Agent xi, The Captain sauntered up the Mews, with a good deal of ‘side on’, which became a positive swagger as he emerged into the more fashionable street. 1882Standard 29 Sept. 5/2 With..all our ‘offishness’, or ‘side’, as they call it, we and our cousins in the Far South get along amazingly well. 1896J. Hocking Fields of Fair Renown xii. 128 They seem to have no side; they are all as jolly as may be.
▪ III. side
Sc. f. scythe; obs. f. seed n.; var. sithe (time).
▪ IV. side, a. Now Sc. and north. dial.|saɪd|
Forms: 1–3, 5 sid, 4–6 syd, 4–9 syde, 5 syyd, cyyd(e, 4– side.
[OE. síd, = ON. síðr, MSw. siþer, sidher (Norw., Sw., Da. sid); also MDu. side, zide low, MFlem. sijt (rare) extensive.
ON. síðr is recorded only in sense 3, but MSw. siþer and Norw. sid have also the MDu. sense of ‘low, low-lying’.]
†1. Large, ample, spacious, extensive. Obs.
Beowulf 437 Þæt ic sweord bere oþðe sidne scyld. a1000Andreas 762 æfter þyssum wordum weorud hlosnode ᵹeond þæt side sel. 1340–70Alex. & Dind. 481 Þe side se we mow sen set vp-on erþe. c1400Destr. Troy 7570 Oure pepull to sle, Oure Citie to sese and oure side londes. Ibid. 7670 Saght þai the sure prinse thurgh the syde batell.
†b. Far-off, distant; going far. Obs. rare.
1399Langl. Rich. Redeles iv. 28 [They] lete write writtis all in wex closid,..And sente side sondis to schreuys aboute. c1400Destr. Troy 1513 His towne was takon..; His Suster sesyd and soght into syde londis.
2. Extending lengthways; long. Chiefly in phr. wide and side (cf. side adv.1 1).
a1000Cædmon's Gen. 1655 Ᵹesetton þa Sennar sidne & widne leoda ræswan leofum mannum. c1200Ormin 9174 And ta wass Romess kinedom Full wid & sid onn eorþe. 13..Sir Beues 818 Þe bor so loude cride, Out of þe forest wide and side. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 7503 Namore lond, wyd ne syd, Þan y may sprede a boles hyd. c1440Pallad. on Husb. iii. 1052 Chese a boor Gret bodied, side & wide, ek rather rounde Then longe. 1583[see sideness]. 1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. ii. 175 Their forms do vanish, but their bodies bide; Now thick, now thin, now round, now short, now side. 1876Whitehead Daft Davie 190 A street so ‘syde-and-wyde’ that there was elbow-room for everyone in Boulder in it. 1894Heslop Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., Aa'll tyek some o' this check; say, a yard side.
transf.1399Langl. Rich. Redeles iii. 170 If I sothe shall saie, and shonne side tales.
†b. Of a house-roof: High or steep. Obs.
c1440[implied in sideness]. 1674Ray N.C. Words 41. 1788 W. H. Marshall Yorksh. II. 351 Side, long, deep; spoken of a roof.
3. Reaching or hanging far down on the person; long:
a. Of garments, sleeves, etc. † side-robe (1658), = long robe. (See also side-coat.)
Beowulf 1444 Scolde here-byrne, hondum ᵹebroden, sid ond searo-fah, sund cunnian. c1000ælfric in Thorpe Laws II. 370 Iohannes..ᵹeseah urne Drihten mid alban ᵹescridne, and seo wæs sid niðer oð ða andcleowa. a1310in Wright Lyric P. x. 37 Betere is were thunne boute laste, then syde robes ant synke into synne. 1382Wyclif Gen. xxxvii. 23 As he cam to his britheren, thei nakiden hym the side coote to the hele. a1400–50Alexander 1925 Þat I may..A side slauyn him sewe & send him to his modire. 1459Paston Lett. I. 475 First, a goune of clothe of golde, with side slevis, sirples wise. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §151 Theyr cotes be so syde, that they be fayne to tucke them vp whan they ryde. 1545Bale Image Both Ch. i. C v b, I sawe hym clothed wyth a syde lynnen garment doune to the grounde. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 109 Some of the yonger sort..weare side coates of linnen..girt to their wasts. 1658F. Osborne Tradit., Mem. Q. Eliz. 25 It abated the price of his opposers, the most of whom belonged to the side-robe. 1753Stewart's Trial App. 20 Allan was..dressed in a blue side coat, a red vest, and feathered hat. 1781J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 95 Side, long, as garments are when too big. a1878Ainslie Land of Burns (1892) 339 My gude grey plaid, baith syde an' wide, I airtit to the wun'. 1886S.W. Lincs. Gloss., Side, long: usually applied to a coat, as ‘Side coat’, for Great coat.
absol.a1272Luue Ron 47 in O.E. Misc. 94 An ende, ne werie mon so syde, he schal to-dreosen so lef on bouh. c1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 1534 Now wers men short and now syde.
b. Of the beard, hair, etc.
c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 368 His berd is long and sid i-nouȝ. a1300Cursor M. 8079 Lang and side þair brues wern, And hinged all a-bout þair hern. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints ix. (Bartholomew) 218 Þare-with a syd berd it had. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxii. 100 In anoþer ile er folk whas eres er so syde þat þai hing doune to þe kneesse. c1500H. Medwall Nature 756 (Brandl), I loue yt well to haue syde here. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. I. 29 Oxne and bules snawquhyte with a mane thick and syde. 1600Holland Livy xliv. xix. 1182 The haire of their head long, their beards side and overgrowne. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme vii. xxii. 679 He hath a round thicke head, a short nose,..broad and sydelips.
c. Narrow, strait, clinging.
a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia 300 In modern usage..we..use the word in the sense of strait. ‘This sleeve is too side, it must be let out.’
4. a. Haughty, proud.
1508[implied in side adv.1 3]. 1674Ray N.C. Words 41. 1695 Kennett Par. Antiq. s.v. Sidelinge, A side woman. 1888Sheffield Gloss. s.v., I met Mrs. ― in the town, and she was very side.
b. Sc. Severe or hard on or upon one.
1825in Jamieson. 1895Roy Horseman's Word iii, Hout, tout, Tam!..you're just some syde on Geordie.
5. Comb., as side-bellied, † side-fathomed, † side-faxed, side-haired, side-lipped, side-tailed, side-waisted.
Beowulf 302 Sidfæþmed scip, on ancre fæst. c1000ælfric Saints' Lives xix. 221 Þa ᵹefeng hine an treow be ðam fexe sona, forðan þe he wæs sidfæxede. 14..Tundale's Vis. 869 His mouthe was wyde, he was syde lyppud. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §77 The fourthe [property of a fox is] to be syde-tayled. 1576Turberv. Venerie 18 When the bytches are lyned, and that they beginne to be sydebellyed. Ibid. 50 Of the browne Hartes there be some great, long, and side haired. 1599Nashe Lenten Stuff Wks. (Grosart) V. 227 Of a bounzing side-wasted parish in Lancashire, we haue a flying voyce dispersed. 1631Weever Anc. Funeral Mon. 180 Like our side-wasted Parishes in Lancashire, whose extensure is so large [etc.]. 1822Ainslie Land of Burns 190 He wore an old light blue, side-tailed coat.
▪ V. † side, adv.1 Obs.
Also 3 sid, 4 syd, 6 syde.
[OE. síde (f. síd side a.), = MDu. side (Du. zijd, Fris. syd), MLG. sîde.
The usual Eng. phrase wide and side corresponds to MDu. wide en side (Du. wijd en zijd, Fris. wiid en syd), MLG. wîde unde sîde, wît unde sît; also MSw. siit oc wiit.]
1. To a great distance or length; far. Chiefly in wide and side, far and wide.
a900Cynewulf Elene 277 Heht ða ᵹebeodan..side & wide ᵹeond Iudeas [etc.]. a1121O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 959, He..Godes lof rærde, wide & side. c1200Ormin 10258 Sannt Johaness word Sprang wide & side o lande. c1275Lay. 4961 Wide and side he somnede ferde. 13..Cursor M. 1646 (Gött.), Couaytise, lechuri, and pride, Has spred þis world lang and side. c1330Arth. & Merl. 200 (Kölbing), Y..wered ȝou wiþ mi power, Wide & side, fer & ner. 1621Bp. R. Montagu Diatribæ 490 For the Grecian Colonies were diffused farre and neere, wide and side.
2. Low down; towards or on the ground.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 2513 Þis maide out of chambre com.., side drou hire tail. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 193 As a letheren purs lolled his chekes, Wel sydder þan his chyn þei chiueled for elde. 14..in Tundale's Vis., etc. (1843) 152 Her tongis honged owt full syde. c1538Lyndesay Minor Poems 575, I think it is ane verray scorne That euery Lady of the land Suld haue hir taill so syde trailland!
3. Proudly, boastfully. (Cf. side a. 4 a.)
1508Dunbar Twa Mariit Wemen 196 God wait quhat I think quhen he so thra spekis: And how it settis him so syde to sege of sic materis.
▪ VI. side, adv.2
[f. side n.1, by ellipse of prep.]
†1. To one side of a place. Obs.—1
1650Fuller Pisgah ii. xiii, A good way side of Jerusalem lies a melancholy Bay.
2. Comb. with pres. or past pples., denoting ‘by, from, or to the side’, as side-flowing, side-hanging, side-lying; side-bended, side-cast, side-seen.
1382Wyclif Isaiah xliv. 4 Buriowne thei shuln among erbes..bisyde the syde flowende watris [L. præterfluentes aquas]. 1592R. D. Hypnerotomachia (1890) 5 b, A rare Obelisk..the heigth whereof..did exceed the toppes of the sidelying mountaynes. 1601–2Daniel Civ. Wars vii. xliv, The cast of her side-bended eye, did showe Both sorrow and reproofe. 1608Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iv. iv. Decay 639 Even as a Winde..Bears down the Trees in a side⁓hanging Wood. 1807J. Barlow Columb. v. 275 As on a side-seen storm..The flames fork round the semivault of heaven. 1891Meredith One of our Conq. II. i. 1 The head deferentially sidecast.
▪ VII. side, v.1|saɪd|
[f. side n.1 Cf. MDu. siden, ziden to set aside, go aside, obs. G. seiten (syten), to stand aside.]
I. trans.
†1. To cut or carve (a pig or haddock) into sides. Obs.
c1470Hors, Shepe & G. (Roxb.) 33 A Pigge heded & syded, a lambe & kyde shuldred. 1486Bk. St. Albans F vij b, An Haddoke sided. 1508Bk. Keruynge in Babees Bk. 267 Syde that haddocke. [1854Badham Prose Halieut. 343 The reader will remember, when he puts the slice into a fish, that he gobbets trout..and sides haddocks.]
2. a. To have (one) on that side. rare—1.
1590Spenser F.Q. iii. ix. 27 His blind eye, that syded Paridell, All his demeasnure from his sight did hyde.
b. To come by the side of. rare—1.
1600Fairfax Tasso xix. lxxvii, He sided there a lustie louely las, And with some courtly tearmes the wench he bords.
c. To walk or stand by the side of; to be side by side with (a person, etc.).
1613Chapman Masque Middle Temple & Lincoln's Inn A 2 b, Euery one of these horse, had two Moores,..that for state sided them. 1631Massinger Emperor East iv. iii, Do you hold it, now, As a disparagement, that I side you, lady? 1821Lamb Elia i. Old Benchers Inner T., The terrace is, indeed, left... The old benchers had it almost sacred to themselves... They might not be sided or jostled. 1896Archæol. Jrnl. LIII. 41 The monoliths siding this shrine were pulled down.
d. fig. To rival, equal, match.
1603B. Jonson Sejanus iv. v, Whom he..Hath rais'd from excrement to side the gods. 1668Clarendon Life (1759) I. 53 He had sure read more..than any Man I ever knew, my Lord Falkland only excepted, who I think sided him.
3. To support or countenance (one). Obs.
1591Lambarde Archeion (1635) 172 The Offenders..were belike so brested, sided, and backed with a many friends, tenants, and followers. 1607Shakes. Cor. i. i. 197 [They] side factions, & giue out Coniecturall Marriages, making parties strong [etc.]. 1618Fletcher Chances i. ii, Let it raise wild-fires,..Yet I must through, if ye dare side me.
4. refl. To take a side or party. (Cf. 11.)
1591Savile Tacitus, Hist. ii. xiv. 60 The prouince of Narbon, which had sided itselfe and sworne to Vitellius. 1625Bacon Ess., On Faction (Arb.) 83 Kings had need beware, how they Side themselues, and make themselues as of a Faction or Partie. 1901Univ. & Ludg. Mag. July 296 They side themselves with the light blue or the dark blue, just as their friends belong to a particular university.
5. To assign to one of two sides or parties.
c1600Shakes. Sonn. xlvi, To side this title is impannelled A quest of thoughts, all tennants to the heart.
6. dial. To put in order, arrange; to clear or tidy up. Freq. to side up.
1825–in northern dialect glossaries. 1847Mrs. Carlyle Lett. I. 394, I have plenty to employ me, in siding drawers. 1874Waugh Chimney Corner (1879) 36 Here, Sally; help me to side this table.
absol.1842R. Oastler Fleet Papers II. 410 It will be left for me to clean, and ‘side’, and ‘make all right again’.
b. To put aside, remove; to clear away.
1848Mrs. Gaskell Mary Barton x, Mrs. Wilson was ‘siding’ the dinner things. 1853― Ruth ii, Whenever things are mislaid, I know it has been Miss Hilton's evening for siding away! 1894Hall Caine Manxman vi. xiv, Now side everything away. The medicines too, put them in the cupboard.
7. Naut. To draw (a rope) over or out.
1834Marryat P. Simple (1863) 41 ‘Ease off the larboard hawser, Mr. Jenkins, if you please.’—‘Side her over, gentlemen, side her over.’ 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 624 Side out for a bend,.. to draw the bight of a hempen cable towards the opposite side.
8. To make of certain dimensions on the side; to square the sides of (timber).
1794Rigging & Seamanship 15 Heel-Pieces are sided to the same size as the side-trees. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XVII. 402/2 The breast hook should also be..sided ninetenths of the beams of the lower deck. 1826Hawkins The Oak 15 The operation of ‘siding’ or squaring the tree. c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 95 They are sided larger than the rest.
9. To furnish (a structure) with sides.
1868Rep. U.S. Comm. Agric. (1869) 366 Not a doubt exists of the economy of siding and roofing wooden bridges.
II. intr.
†10. With it. To enter into rivalry.
a1635Naunton Fragm. Reg. (Arb.) 27 He soon got honour, and no sooner there, but he began to side it with the best, even with the Protector.
11. To take a side; to join or form sides or parties. (Cf. 4.)
1607Shakes. Cor. iv. ii. 2 The Nobility are vexed, whom we see haue sided In his behalfe. a1658Cleveland Rustick Rampant (1687) 450 Many of these unhappy Men were awed to side, without either Malice to his Person or Power. 1712–14Pope Rape Lock v. 39 All side in parties, and begin th' attack. a1738Swift (J.), The equitable part of those who now side against the court, will probably be more temperate. 1887Pall Mall G. 31 Oct. 2/1 Children..differ so much from one another, and ‘side’ so unexpectedly, that [etc.].
b. Const. with. (The more frequent use.)
1600Holland Livy xxix. vi. 713 The citie of Locri,..in the generall revolt of all Italie, had sided also with the Carthaginians. 1647N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lxv. (1739) 138 In case the King would not concur, the people generally sided with the Lords. 1712Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) III. 368, I was afraid otherwise that Dr. H. would have accidentally..sided with Mr. Oddy. 1766Fordyce Serm. Yng. Wom. (1767) I. i. 32 The partial world is ready to side with them. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 556 Again he encountered a pertinacious opposition. The seamen sided with Hume and Cochrane. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 231 There are few modern readers who do not side with Protagoras, rather than with Socrates.
transf.1667Milton P.L. ii. 905 Levied to side with warring Winds, and poise Thir lighter wings.
12. To move or turn sideways. Also fig.
1668G. Etherege She wou'd if she cou'd v. i, We'll foot it, and side, my pretty little miss. 1841Catlin N. Amer. Ind. (1844) I. xiv. 106 Gradually siding up to the lodge. 1879Expositor IX. 117 In living English there is a tendency to let the word ‘holy’ side off and appropriate itself to the designation of right moral character.
b. Mining. (See quot.)
1851Greenwell Coal-trade Terms, Northumb. & Durh. 47 Side over, to drive headways course across a pillar of coal, in working the broken.
13. To keep alongside; to abut on at one side.
a1641Sir J. Finett For. Ambass. (1656) 16 The Savoyard getting the start and siding allwayes close to the Spanish Ambassador. a1647Habington Surv. Worc. (Worcs. Hist. Soc.) II. 201 A plentifull vale..sydinge on Bredon hyll.
14. To measure (so much) on the side.
1891Cent. Dict. s.v., It sides 14 inches.
▪ VIII. side, v.2 slang (now rare).
[f. side n.2]
intr. To be conceited or boastful; to ‘put on side’. Also with about.
1906R. Brooke Let. 4 June (1968) 54 This school-life..calls to me... I play my part with zest, alternately ‘siding’ and ragging. 1909Wodehouse Mike v. 26 There's just a chance you might try to side about a bit soon. |