| 释义 |
shura, n.|ˈʃuːrə|
[a. Arab. (also Urdu and Pers.) šūrā consultation. Cf. Turk. şûrà council.]
a. The Islamic principle of (rule by) consultation.
b. Hence, an Islamic consultative council or similar advisory body; loosely, a council or parliament.
1960Encycl. Islam (rev. ed.) I. 84/2 On ꜥUmar's death, as one of the s̲ẖūrā or council of six who had to choose a new caliph, he played a leading part in the appointment of ꜥUṯẖmān. 1962A. Hourani Arabic Thought in Liberal Age vi. 144 Maslaha gradually turns into utility, shura into parliamentary democracy. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia IX. 921/2 Whereas early Islām had confirmed the pre-Islāmic democratic Arab principle of rule by consultation (shūrā).., those practices soon gave way to dynastic rule with the advent of the Umayyads. The shūrā was not developed into any institutionalized form and was..soon discarded. 1981Times 3 Mar. 12/4 Under the Islamic tradition of Shura, information about the needs of Saudi society does percolate upwards. 1982Christian Science Monitor 23 Mar. 13/2 Mr. Tilmessani refused a seat to the advisory Shura Assembly created by Mr. Sadat 1½ years ago. 1989Independent 23 Jan. 9/1 The Afghan mujahedin guerillas have fallen out again, shortly before they were to have held a shura, or consultative council. |