| 释义 |
quenching, vbl. n.|ˈkwɛnʃɪŋ|
[f. quench v. + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of the vb. in various senses.
c1220Bestiary 207 Ðat is soule drink, sinnes quenching. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 315/556 Þer is þanne selde wete to maken quenchingue of fuyre. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. xxx. (1495) 141 Quenchyng and deynge of the herte is in the nayles moste openly schewed. 1544T. Phaer Regim. Life (1553) I ij, Stinking thinges, as assa fetida..and the quenchyng out of candels. 1664Marvell Corr. Wks. 1872–5 II. 176 Engins, such as are used frequently in the quenching of great fires. 1730Savery in Phil. Trans. XXXVI. 307 Steel hardened by quenching. a1864Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1879) I. 222 A quenching of the sunshine. 1908J. A. Fleming Elem. Man. Radiotelegr. & Radioteleph. 338 (Index), Quenching noise of an electric spark. 1928Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. XIV. 849 (heading) The quenching of cadmium resonance radiation. 1943B. F. Weller Radio-Technol. iv. 114 Quenching may be effected by a separate valve,..or the reacting detector valve may be arranged to oscillate at the quenching frequency, as well as the radio-frequency. 1963B. Fozard Instrumentation Nucl. Reactors ii. 25 Because of the need for ‘quenching’ in a Geiger-Mueller counter for example, its detailed design may be quite different from that of an ionisation chamber. 1972De Puy & Chapman Molec. Reactions & Photochem. iii. 37 Sensitization and quenching are important methods for determining the spin multiplicity of excited states responsible for photochemical reactions.
b. spec. The process of throwing water upon the molten metal in a refining-hearth or crucible, so that it may be removed in disks or ‘rosettes’.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1847/2, 1984/1.
2. attrib. and Comb. as quenching crack, quenching medium, quenching rate, quenching-test, quenching trough, quenching-tub.
1926A. Sauveur Metallogr. & Heat Treatment of Iron & Steel (ed. 3) xv. 220 Water quenching is to be preferred to oil quenching if it can be performed without producing quenching cracks. 1966C. R. Tottle Sci. Engin. Materials x. 224 The strain in the transformed martensite is tensile, in the circumferential direction, and so radial cracks form in the martensite to relieve the stress; these are known as quenching cracks.
1932E. Gregory Metallurgy iv. 112 Water is obviously the cheapest quenching medium, and is invaluable for tools and purposes where an extremely hard surface is desired. 1946Nature 31 Aug. 308/1 Experiments with various iron–carbon alloys quenched in various ways tend to show that the amounts of ferrite, martensite and retained austenite obtained in the quenched specimen are independent of the quenching-rate so long as a certain critical rate..is not exceeded.
1879Cassell's Tech. Educ. IV. 373/1 These conditions provide for the so called ‘quenching’ and bending tests being applied to a piece cut from each plate and bar.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1847/2 Quenching-tub.
1896F. S. Meyer Handbk. Art Smithing ii. 19 In the front part of the forge are found, as a rule, a quenching trough, hollows and receivers for fuel and slack. 1973Canad. Antiques Collector May–June 7 (caption) The stone quenching trough from the oldest smithy in eastern Ontario.
So ˈquenching ppl. a., that quenches.
1382Wyclif Wisd. xix. 19 Water forȝat his quenchende kinde. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. x. ix. (1495) 379 Cinis is lytyll asshes lefte of quenchynge and sparklynge matere. 1559Mirr. Mag., George Plantag. f iv, Like quenching blastes, which oft reuive the flame. 1611Bible Wisd. xix. 20 The water forgat his owne quenching nature. 1954[see quench v. 3 d]. 1958W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics vi. 50 Positive ions arriving at the cathode are sometimes able to eject an electron. If this were to occur..a continuous series of pulses might be observed. This is prevented in a Geiger counter by the inclusion of a quenching agent. 1966D. G. Brandon Mod. Techniques Metallogr. iii. 154 The addition of a small amount of a second, ‘quenching’, gas..serves to prevent secondary electron emission by the positive ion bombardment of the cathode. |