| 释义 |
▪ I. shove, n.1|ʃʌv|
Forms: α. north. 3 scou, 4 chou, 5–6 schow; β. 5 shoffe, 6 shuffe, 6– shove.
[f. shove v.1]
1. An act of shoving; a strong thrust or push to move a body away from the agent.
a1300Cursor M. 12033 Wit scholdur gaf he him a scou [Gött. chou]. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 698 As he gat ben throw He gat mony greit schow. 1581A. Hall Iliad ii. 21 They labor stil with heaue and shoue. 1762in T. Mortimer Ev. Man own Broker (ed. 5) 93 note, An united shove commences, by which others, as well as I, have measured their length in a very dirty place. 1812H. & J. Smith Rej. Addr. ii. xi, But Mr. Thing-um bob, the prompter man, Gave with his hand my chaise a shove. 1871Meredith H. Richmond v, Mr. Rippenger added a spurning shove on my shoulder to his recommendation.
b. fig. In various uses: An impulse given to make a person or thing move or act more quickly; a ‘push’ or exertion of influence to get a person through a difficulty or further him in his career; in schoolboy phrase, a hint or prompting to one who is backward with an answer.
1724Calamy Howe's Wks. I. Life 7 Sir, said he [Fuller to Howe],..I am a pretty corpulent Man, and I am to go thro a Passage that is very strait, I beg you would be so kind as to give me a shove, and help me thro. 1784Cowper Task iv. 210 With all the tricks That idleness has ever yet contriv'd..To..give time a shove. 1857Hughes Tom Brown i. viii, Whose parsing and construing resisted the most well-meant shoves. 1873R. Broughton Nancy vi, It would be such a fine thing for all the family: I could give all the boys such a shove.
†2. An onset, attack. Obs.
c1450Merlin xiv. 219 Thei threwe down CCC at the firste shoffe in theire comynge. c1470Henryson Mor. Fab. ix. (Wolf & Fox) iv, Thow can..mak ane suddane schow vpoun ane scheip.
†3. Phr. all at a shove: by a single act. Obs.
1555W. Watreman Fardle Facions i. v. 51 Their maner of ordres, is not to make seuerally, for euery Goddesse and God, a seuerall priest, but al at a shuffe, in generall for all.
4. slang.
a. a shove in the mouth: a drink.
b. the shove: dismissal from employment.
1821Egan Life in London x. (1870) 265, I vished to be a little nutty upon Dirty Suke..so I gov'd her ‘a shove in the mouth’. 1899R. Whiteing 5 John St. x, Did you get the shove to-day? Ibid. xxi, If it warn't ready, he give the shove to the 'ole shoot.
5. Canadian. A forward movement of packed and piled ice in a thawing river.
1865[see ice-shove s.v. ice n. 7 a]. 1890Montreal Witness 19 Mar. 8/2 The shove may be expected every day.
▪ II. shove, n.2|ʃʌv|
[app. a corruption of shiv, shive n.2, perh. assimilated to prec.]
The woody core of flax or hemp. Also, a fragment of the stems of flax or hemp broken off when ‘scutching’. Cf. sheave n.2, shive n.2, show n.2
1688Holme Armoury iii. 285/2 Both Flax and Hemp are first broken from the strong Stalks into large Shoves or Shivers. 1780Young Tour Irel. I. 164 They scutch it to separate the heart or the shoves from the rest. 1855Royle Fibrous Pl. India 129 A layer of wood-like matter, which in some plants is called boon, or shove. 1910Encycl. Brit. X. 486/1 When it is found that the fibre [of flax] separates readily from the woody ‘shove’ or core.
▪ III. shove, v.1|ʃʌv|
Pa. tense and pple. shoved |ʃʌvd|. Forms: see below.
[A Com. Teut. (originally strong) verb: OE. scúfan (scéaf, scufon, scofen) corresponds to OFris. skûva (NFris. sküüw, skōw, WFris. skouwe), MDu. schûven (mod.Du. schuiven), MLG. schûven (mod.LG. schuven), OHG. sciuban (MHG., mod.G. schieben, early mod.G. also schauben), Goth. (af)skiuban; also with weak conjugation, ON. skúfa, more commonly skýfa; f. OTeut. root *skeuƀ-: skauƀ-: skū̆ƀ-. As there are traces of a variant with f instead of ƀ (see shovel n.), the pre-Teut. form is prob. *skeup-.
The Gothic and HG. forms have the normal grade (eu) of the present-stem; the other forms have an ‘aorist-present’ with ū as the root-vowel. The occasional OE. scéofan is generally regarded not as a descendant of OTeut. *skeuƀ-, but as a late WS. phonetic development from scúfan; another possibility is that it resulted from the analogy of other verbs of the same conjugation; that it had a falling diphthong seems clear from its representation in later Eng.
The phonetic development, OE. scúfan, mod.E. shove |ʃʌv| may be compared with OE. dúfe, mod.E. dove |dʌv|. In Sc. and north. dial. the OE. word regularly became in the 14–16th c. showe, and should be represented in mod.Sc. by shoo (cf. Sc. 14–16th c. dowe, mod. doo, dove), but this has not survived (unless it be in shue to swing), being superseded by the Eng. shove.]
A. Illustration of Forms.
1. pres. stem. (α) 1 sc(e)úfan (3 sing. pres. ind. scúfeð, -ið, scýfð, scífð, scýft), 3 sc(h)uven, (shufe), 3–4 schouve, (4 schowf, s(c)howve, schowe, shouwe), 4–5 schove, (5 showe, schowwyn, xowyn, schoffe, 5–7 shuff, 6 schow, sowe, 7 shoove), 5– shove; (β) 1 scéofan, 3 seve, 4 scheve, 5 schyve; see also sheave v.2
αa900Scufan [see B. 1]. c1000ælfric Gram. xxiv. (Z.) 137 Præcipito ic sceufe. c1205Scuuen [see B. 2.]. a1225Ancr. R. 314 Schuueð hit ut. a1300E.E. Psalter lxi. 5 Mi worth þai thoght to schouue awai. c1320Beues 2592 Whan þe beschop him scholde in schoue. c1386Chaucer Reeve's T. 58 Leueful is with force force of showue. c1403Shove [see B. 7]. c1440York Myst. xxxvi. 297 In Jesu side schoffe it þis tyde. c1440Promp. Parv. 105/1 Showen [later v.rr. xowyn, shoue], impello. 1449Rolls of Parlt. V. 152/1 Hevyng and shuffyng of her Chaffare out and home. 1508Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen 106 He schowis on me his schewill mouth. 1653Holcroft Procopius, Goth. Wars iii. x. 93 To shoove it down.
βc1000ælfric Gram. xxviii. (Z.) 171 Trudo, ic sceofe. c1275[see B 3 b]. c1320[see B. 7]. c1440Wyclif's Bible, Judges xvi. 19 To caste [MS. I., schyue] hym awei.
2. pa. tense.
a. 1st and 3rd sing. (α) 1 scéaf, (3 scæf, sef, 3–4 schef, 4 shyf, scef), shoofe, shoif, s(c)hofe, shoff, schove, 4–5 s(c)hof, shoof, 5 shoef, shoove, (sheef, 6 schew); (β) weak 4 shufte, schuft, schovede, 5 showved, showvyt, schufte, shofed, showed, 6 shoffed, 5– shoved.
993Batt. Maldon (Gr.) 136 He sceaf þa mid þam scylde. c1205Lay. 9366 He þa scipen vt scæf [c 1275 sef]. c1275[see B. 1 c]. c1290St. Brendan 412 in S. Eng. Leg. 231 After heore schip so swyþe he schef [v.rr. scef, schof, showved]. c1300Havelok 871 Hauelok shof dun nyne or ten. c1350Will. Palerne 3290 & schuft his scheld on is schulder. c1381Chaucer Parl. Foules 154 Til African my gyde Me hente and shofe [v.rr. shof, shoff, schofe, shoofe, shoif] yn at the gatys wyde. c1400Sowdone Bab. 1578 Floripe..shofed hire oute in to the flode. c1440Alphabet of Tales 144 He showed hym oute att þe dure. 1470–85Malory Arthur xiii. ix. 624 Syr Bagdemagus..sheef hym thorou the ryght sholder. 1481Caxton Reynard xxxiii. (Arb.) 95 How I shoef and stack. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 67/31 The bischope..schew out his toung.
b. pl. (α) 1 scufun, sceufon, 1–2 scufon, -sceofon, 2–3 scufen, 3 scuven, (soven), ssove, 3–4 schoven, 4 shoven, schowen; etc. (β) weak (see sing.).
Beowulf 215 (Gr.) Guman ut scufon..wudu bundenne. Ibid. 3131 Dracan ec scufun, wyrm ofer weallclif. c1000Ags. Gosp. Luke iv. 29 Hiᵹ arison & scufon [1160 Hatton Gosp. scufen] hine of ðære ceastre. c1205Lay. 7859 Heo scuuen [c 1275 souen] ut heore lof. Ibid. 20925 He scufen [c 1225 souen] from þan stronde scipen. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3103 Hii..uaste ssone [v.r. schofe] & drowe.
3. pa. pple. (α) 1 sc(e)ofen, -scoben, North. -scyfen, 2 i-scoven, 3 i-schuven, 4 schoven, 4–5 y-)s(c)hove, 4– shoven; (β) weak 4 s(c)hufte, schowved, 5 shuftyd, schowid, 5–6 shuffed, 7 shooved, 6 shoved.
α Beowulf 918 (Gr.) Ða wæs morgenleoht scofen and scynded. c1175Lamb. Hom. 129 Heo weren iscouen. a1225Ancr. R. 316 Hit is..iðe schrifte ischuuen ut. c1250Gen. & Ex. 107 Watres ben her ðer-under suuen. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 726 Thus by report was hir name I⁓shoue [v.rr. y-shove, yshoue, y-schoue, shoue]. 1390Gower Conf. III. 202 He..Was schoven out of his empire. 1470–85Malory Arthur xvii. vii. 699 The shyp was anone shouen in the see. 1764Oxf. Sausage 197 Here..The mouldy old Crust, Of Nell Batchelor lately was shoven. 1829Landor Imag. Conv., Wallace & Edw. I, Wks. 1853 I. 450/1 To be thrust and shoven.
β13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 44 He schulde be..harde þer⁓oute schowued. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. viii. xliii. (Tollemache MS.) A lyȝt beme is broke oþer schufte [1582 shuft] aside. a1400–50Wars Alex. 4759 He wald haue schowid on þat schene. c1450tr. De Imitatione iii. xliv. 115 Þei ben shuftyd [v.r. shuffed] from oon to a noþer. 1529More Dyaloge iii. Wks. 1226/1 They shal bee pushed and shoued in by vyolence.
B. Signification. (Generally equivalent to thrust, push; but now less dignified in use, often suggesting some notion of rough, careless, or hasty action.)
1. a. trans. To thrust away with violence; to precipitate; to ‘cast’ (into prison, etc.). Obs. exc. arch.
Beowulf 3131 Dracan ec scufun, wyrm ofer weallclif. a900Cynewulf Elene 692 (Gr.) Scufan scyldiᵹne..in dryᵹne seað. c1050Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 471/8 Precipitate, scufað. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1029 If any schalke to be schent wer schowued þer-inne. c1380Sir Ferumb. 1369 By þe legges lifte he þe schrewe þan & schef hur out ech del. 1529More Dyaloge iii. Wks. 1226/1 He that gathereth treasures shall be shoued into the grynnes of death. a1568Bannatyne MS. (Hunter. Club) 210 Suthle he will ye schow Vnto the grund. 1844Hood Forge ii. xii, All at once he is seized and shoven..Headlong into the blazing oven.
†b. to shove out: to force oneself to utter.
a1225Ancr. R. 314 Al so schal þe þet schriueð him, efter þe greate, schuuen ut þet smele.
†c. To thrust (a weapon, etc.) into or through a body. Obs.
c1275Passion our Lord 499 in O.E. Misc. 51 He schef hit myd strenkþe þat to his heorte hit com. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 451 He wrapped a cloþ aboute his hond, and schove it in [to] þe leon his mowþe. c1440Alphabet of Tales 288 He drew his knyfe & shewid it in his throte & kyllid hym. a1586Sidney Astr. & Stella xiii. (1591) A 4 b, In verde fieldes, Mars beares a golden Speare, Which through a bleeding heart, his point did shoue. 1589Warner Alb. Eng., Addit. to 2nd Bk. 166 Then æneas..shoffed his Sworde through his [sc. Turnus'] Breaste.
†d. To reject, banish; to eject from an office or dignity, from a society, etc. Obs.
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 53 He erneð here, þat ure louerd ihesu crist him shendeð and wile shufe fro him a domes dai. a1300E.E. Psalter cxviii. 10 Fra þine bodes schouue [Vulg. repellas] noght me. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1740 Þe medes schal be maysteres here, & þou of menske schowued. c1412Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 4940 Chesith eke gode men; and awey shoue The wykked. c142126 Pol. Poems 111 From worldis worschipe y am shoue. 1657J. Watts Scribe, Pharisee, etc. i. 177 So some hasty man would be heaving and shoving out the wicked from the godly.
†e. To impart, communicate. ? nonce-use.
c1626W. Bosworth Arcad. & Sepha i. 544 Her lips that oft did shove Life to the hearts of those that saw them move.
2. a. To move (a heavy or resisting object) forward by the application of muscular strength from behind; to push along with effort.
c1205Lay. 17396 Ȝe mote..scuuen & hebben mid hæȝere strenðe treon græte & longe. c1290St. Edward 167 in S. Eng. Leg. 51 Huy schouen it [sc. a horse] faste forthþe-ward and drowen. 1440J. Capgrave Life St. Kath. v. 1846 Take to thin behoue Thyng that this bocher may not hale ne shoue, Take þou my soule. 1481Caxton Reynard xii. (Arb.) 26 He shoof the table from hym. 1760R. Brown Compl. Farmer ii, The breast-plough, which a man shoves before him. 1873Black Pr. Thule xxiv. 404 He was the first to shove the gangway on to the vessel. 1887Morris Odyss. xi. 596 With hands and feet for ever against the stone did he [Sisyphus] strain Up o'er the bent to shove it.
fig.1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Note-bks. (1872) I. 300 Their events seem to come in great masses, shoved along by the agency of many persons.
b. To force (a person, etc.) onwards by pushing. Also, to cause to fall over (a cliff, etc.) or out of (a place) by a push.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VI. 89 Hunulphus..bete hym with his feest, and schuft [v.rr. schufte, schyf] hym, and putte hym forþ þoruȝ þe myddel of þe citee anon to þe walles. 1481Caxton Reynard xii. (Arb.) 27, I..shooue him forth so ferre that he fylle doun vpon the floer. 1579Rastell's Expos. Terms Laws s.v. Manumission, The Lorde..therewith shewed [edd. 1592 ff. shoued] him forward out of his hands [= & oue ceo il luy mise auant hors de ses maines]. 1780Ann. Reg. 196 Mr. Gough, turned round, and shoved Atkins over the bannister. 1809Malkin Gil Blas xi. x. (Rtldg.) 412, I should stand a very good chance of being shoved by the shoulders out of doors. 1865Kingsley Herew. iii, My master shoved the fellow over after he had stabbed him.
c. To throw down with a push.
13..K. Alis. (W.) 4250 He schof him quycly adoun. 1390Gower Conf. I. 165 Part of the bank he schof doun riht. 1681R. Knox Hist. Relat. Ceylon 22 It is their constant practice to shove down with their heads great Trees.
†d. Of winds or other natural forces: To drive, propel, impel. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. ii. pr. i. (1868) 32 Þou shalt be shouen not þider þat þou woldest: but whider þat þe wynde shoueþ þe. c1386― Frankl. T. 553 He knew ful wel how fer Alnath was shoue [v.rr. schoue, y-schoue, yshoue] Fro the heed of thilke fixe Aries aboue. 14..tr. Higden App. (Rolls) VII. 525 There come a whirlewynde..and schufte in the body anone to the ynner wal of the chirche. 1614Gorges Lucan ii. 66 Like as when whistling Southerne winde..Shoouing the seas before his blast. 1705Addison Italy, Pesaro 168 [tr. Claudian], The Seas..shove the loaden Vessels into Port.
†e. fig. To bring into prominence. Also, to impel, urge forward in a course of action. Obs.
c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 1381 If that I live, thy name shal be shove In English, that thy sleighte shal be knowe! 1572tr. Buchanan's Detect. Mary Q. Scots G ij, Causis..sic as are able to shooue forwart and to push hedlang a hart for outrage nat able to gouerne it selfe.
f. To urge (a horse) to a leap.
1869‘Wat. Bradwood’ The O.V.H. xii, He shoved his horse at the rail.
3. spec. To propel (a boat or other vessel) either by pushing at the stern or with a pole worked from the inside. Also absol.
1513Douglas æneis vi. v. 15 Hymself the cobil did with his bolm furth schow. 1649Ogilby æneis v. (1684) 222 Old Portunus with his mighty Hand Shov'd him along. 1726Swift Gulliver i. viii, The seamen towed, and I shoved. 1802–19Rees Cycl. XXXII, Set, a term used for a pole or shaft, used to shove boats along a canal, &c. 1837Marryat Snarleyyow ix, I shoved on shore.
b. With out, off, or const. from. (a) trans. To launch (a boat) by means of a steady push applied at the stern. (b) absol. To push one's vessel away from the bank. Also transf. of the boat.
(a) Beowulf 215 (Gr.) Guman ut scufon..wudu bundenne. a1122O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 1048, & ᵹewende þa Godwine eorl & Sweᵹen eorl to Bosenham & scufon ut heora scipu. c1205Lay. 21590 Heo wenden þa scipen stronge to sculuen [read scuuen; c 1275 seue] from þan londe. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 287 As we endeavoured with strength to shove her off, the vessel overturned. 1839Marryat Phant. Ship xvii, The boats were shoved off.
(b)1513Douglas æneis v. iv. 95 He and he Inforcis of to schowin the schip to saif. 1600Holland Livy xli. iii. 1098 Others shove off from the wharfe. 1834Marryat P. Simple xvi, The boat was not ordered to shove off. 1858Longfellow M. Standish v. 103 Into the boat he sprang, and in haste shoved off to his vessel.
c. intr. Of persons: to depart, go away. Const. with advbs., as off, † out, etc. Cf. push v. 1 h. colloq. (orig. U.S.).
1844Spirit of Times 24 Aug. 302/2 As we shoved off from Fort P. our boys made the welkin ring, and away we dashed down the Apalachicola. 1856‘Mark Twain’ Adv. T. J. Snodgrass (1928) 31, I shoved out for the Massasawit House. 1904‘O. Henry’ in McClure's Mag. Apr. 612/1 When dark came we fagged 'em a batch of bullets and shoved out the back door for the rocks. 1909J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 223/1 Shove off (Navy), to quit, go, flee, depart—from shoving off a boat from land or ship. 1916‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin vii. 105 'Ere, 'arf a mo'!..Don't shove orf. 1922Joyce Ulysses 591 Well, I'll shove along. 1936J. Steinbeck In Dubious Battle viii. 133 Them deputies knew we was goin' to shove off before daylight. 1956P. Scott Male Child iii. ii. 206, I wouldn't dream of telling you to shove off. You're there by Alan's invitation. 1979D. Anthony Long Hard Cure xiv. 113 My, look at the hour. I'd better shove off.
d. Similarly without adv.
1866‘Mark Twain’ Lett. from Hawaii (1967) 43, I then took what small change he had and ‘shoved’. 1884― Huckleberry Finn xl. 409 We just unfurled our heels and shoved. 1944Sat. Even. Post 9 Dec. 82/3 Well, I guess I'll shove. Good-by. 1954C. Williams Touch of Death vii. 61 I'm going to shove. I can get away. 1975N. Freeling What are Bugles blowing For? iv. 17, I have to ferry you down to the office... Let's shove, shall we?
4. a. Without the notion of difficulty. To push (something) so as to make it slide along a surface or in a groove or channel; also to move up or down by pushing.
1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. v. xxvi, Six bands are set to stirre the moving tower: The first the proud band call'd, that lifts it higher; The next the humble band, that shoves it lower. 1725T. Thomas in Portland Papers (Hist. MSS. Comm.) VI. 123 The bread..was shoved along the table on platters. 1770Luckombe Hist. Printing 357 Lest when he Runs in his Second Pull, the Face of the Plattin rub upon the Tympan, and shoves the sheet upon the Face of the Letter. c1826Lamb Elia Ser. ii. Wedding, He did not once shove up his borrowed locks. 1830Herschel Study Nat. Phil. ii. vii. (1851) 193 A sheet of blank paper is placed upon a frame and shoved forwards. 1902V. Jacob Sheep-Stealers xv, He shoved the paper away impatiently.
†b. To put surreptitiously or improperly: const. in, on, under, out of. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 1026 Folk now..wolde a busshel venym al excusen For þat o greyn of loue is on it shoue. 1412–20Lydg. Troy Bk. 2876 Doubilnes so sliȝly was in schoue, As þouȝ he hadde sothly ben allied With trewe menyng. 1534Joye Subv. More's False Found. title-p., He sweteth to set faste and shoue vnder his shameles shoris, to vnderproppe the popis chirche. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus i. 6 (1619) 93 He setteth himselfe in all ages to shove in, and hold in the Ministerie such persons as are too base for the dunghil. 1642Milton Apol. Smect. Wks. 1851 III. 295 Which conceit of the man cleanly shoves the King out of the Parlament. 1773J. Berridge Wks. (1864) 74 To shorten man's duty..by shoving a commandment out of Moses's tables.
c. (Chiefly colloq.) To put or thrust (carelessly or hastily) into a place or receptacle; also to thrust aside, away.
1827Scott Surg. Dau. iv, Dick Middlemas, on his appearance, shoved into his bosom a small packet. 1861Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. iv, All the characteristics are shoved away into the background. a1864Hawthorne Sept. Felton (1879) 78 My meditations are perhaps of a little too much importance to be shoved aside. 1911Marett Anthropol. vi. 156 You need never allow yourselves to be shoved away into such an inhospitable region.
d. To push out of a position, away, by gradual encroachment.
1629Leather: a Discourse 11 As darknesse shoues away Light. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 645 Whoever bears this reflection in mind will not..be so apt..to complain of seeing the rising generation grow up to shove them out of the world. 1789T. Williams Min. Kingd. I. 271 The gash vein..is frequently crossed and intersected by whin dykes or bars of hard stone, which generally shoves it a little to one side, off the true line of bearing. 1814D'Israeli Quarrels Auth. (1867) 538 The wit gradually shoved the antiquary off the end of the bench. 1860Maury Phys. Geog. (Low) xvi. §711 The land-wind..shoves away the calms which preceded it from the hills to the coast. 1870Mozley Univ. Serm. iii. (1877) 54 The most visibly flourishing and busy department shoves the others out of sight.
e. To put or place. (In colloq. and casual use without notion of effort.) Also with up, down.
1902Wodehouse Pothunters v. 93 You might shove up the list to-night. 1927W. E. Collinson Contemp. Eng. 23 At Dulwich..we plunked things down, we shoved down notes or we shoved up lists. 1938N. Streatfeild Circus is Coming vi. 76 He threw an envelope across to Santa. ‘Shove yours to Mr Stibbings in there, and lick it up.’ 1974A. Fowles Pastime ii. 12 Shove your coat on the chair.
5. absol. and intr.
a. To push, to apply force against an object in order to move it from its position.
a900O.E. Martyrol. 13 Dec. 218 Sume scufon, sume tuᵹon..and seo godes fæmne hwæðre stod. c1290St. Lucy 109 in S. Eng. Leg. 104 Huy schoue and drowe al þat huy miȝhte ake huy ne miȝhten hire anne fote i-winne. 13..K. Alis. (W.) 5889 The kynges oost..broughtten gynnes to the walle, Houen, shouen, and drowen alle. c1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 534 Ful long I shof, and knokkide eke,..Til that dore of thilk entre A mayden curteys openyde me. c1425Sev. Sages (P.) 1411 At hys dore he wolde inne, And hit was stoken with a pyne. He schof ther-onne. c1450Merlin xiii. 199 He hitte Agrauayn with his spere so sore that it preced two folde thurgh his haubreke, and therto he shof ther-on so harde that Agravayn fill to the erthe.
b. to shove at: to push against (an object) in order to displace or overthrow; † fig. to apply one's energies to (a task); also, to make an attack on, try to overthrow (a person). (Also in indirect passive.) † to shove at the cart (fig.): to lend a helping hand (also ironical).
1421–2Hoccleve Dialog 617 Now, good freend shoue at the cart, I yow preye. 1471Paston Lett. III. 15 Iff ye be cleer owt off Doctor Aleyn danger, kepe yow ther, and her afftr ye maye schoffe as well at hys carte. 1542Paget in St. Papers Hen. VIII, VIII. 705 Lay your heddes all three to gidre, and shove at the treatye, that it may take effect. 1577Stanyhurst Descr. Irel. vi. 22/2 in Holinshed, This Erle now liuyng, as hys Auncesters before hym, haue beene shrewdly shooued at by his euill willers, saying that [etc.]. 1607Tourneur Rev. Trag. i. i, Tis a maruaile thourt not turnd out yet! Hip. Faith I haue been shooud at. 1639Ainsworth Ps. lxii. 4 Ye shall be a bowed wall, as a fence that is shooved at.
†c. of inanimate agencies. Obs.
c1400R. Glouc. (Rolls) App. A. 14 Whar so hit bifalleþ þat þe erþe is so fast Þat þe wynd ne passez he schouueþ & þrast Þat al þe erþe quakiȝeþ.
†6.
a. intr. To push one's way forward or onward, to press on. Chiefly with adv., on, along, etc. Obs.
c888ælfred Boeth. Met. xiii. (1895) 298 Swa deð eac sio sunne þonne hio on siᵹe weorþeð..merecondel scyfð on ofdæle. c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 487 He shof ay on, he to and fro was sent. c1400Destr. Troy 11804 An Erne..Braid vp the bowels, & bere hom away, And showvet to the shippes of the shene grekes. 1520–30Cornysh in Anglia XII. 238 The dere shoffe on the mede. 1563Googe Eglogs, etc. (Arb.) 121 They..forwarde shoue. 1581A. Hall Iliad ix. 152 To supper let vs get vs nowe, sith night so farre on shoues. 1721Dudley in Phil. Trans. XXXI. 167 A Moose..shoves along side-ways.
†b. To make an attack with violence, to make a charge or onset. Obs.
13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1454 Schalkez to schote at hym schowen to þenne. 1415Hoccleve To Knts. Garter 36 In honour of his name Shoue on & putte his foos to the outraunce! 1470–85Malory Arthur v. viii. 173 Thenne the batails approuched and shoue and showted on bothe sydes.
†c. to shove down: to fall with force. Obs.
13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2083 Schyre schaterande on schorez, þer þay doun schowued.
†d. to shove and heave: to move tumultuously.
The vbs. were commonly coupled also in other uses: see, e.g., quot. c 1205 in 2, 13.. in 5, 1449 in A. 1 a; and cf. quot. 1581 under shove n.1 1 and quot. 1568 under shoving vbl. n.1
1638W. Lisle Heliodorus vii. 101 Diuers passions in her shoue and heaue. 1680Otway Orphan iii. i, Thy little breasts, with soft compassion swelled, Shove up and down, and heave like dying birds.
e. transf. To protrude, project. rare.
1849Cupples Green Hand xvi. (1856) 157 The huge sharp green notched aloe-leaves and fern shoving here and there out of it [the water].
7. a. To push about or jostle in a crowd; to make one's way by jostling or elbowing.
c1290Beket 2217 in S. Eng. Leg. 170 Faste heo [wormes] schouen and cropen al-so ase ametene al a-boute. c1320Sir Beues 1407 So fast hii gonne aboute him scheue, As don ben aboute þe heue. 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2161 Thenne gyrdez he to Gryngolet, & gederez þe rake, Schowuez in bi a schore, at a schaȝe syde. c1403Lydg. Temple Glas 534 Gret pres of folk,..To croude and shove—the tempil was so ful. 1530Palsgr. 705/1 It is no good maner to shove in a dores a this facyon. 1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. v. xxxvi, An hundred shapes that through flit ayers stray, Shove boldly in. 1714Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to W. Montagu 24 Sept., There's a little door to get in, and a great crowd without, shoving and thrusting who shall be foremost. 1849Cupples Green Hand xiii. (1856) 127 Her want of actual headway making the Indiaman sag dead away to leeward, as she shoved into the force of the sea-stream. 1897E. L. Voynich Gadfly (1904) 60/2 The crowd of holiday masqueraders, laughing and shoving.
b. refl. With adv. or phrase: To make one's way by shoving.
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xxiv. 515 Reynaude..shoved himself among the thickest. 1671tr. Marten's Voy. Spitzbergen in Acc. Sev. Late Voy. ii. (1694) 105 They shove themselves along just like an Eel. 1842S. Lover Handy Andy viii, Biddy..had shoved herself well before the door.
8. trans. To push (a person) with one's body or elbows; to knock against, jostle.
1530Palsgr. 705/1, I shove one, I pusshe hym, je pousse. I pray the, shove nat whyle I am writyng. 1667Pepys Diary 15 Sept., I did step back, and clap my breech to our pew-door, that she might be forced to shove me to come in. 1805M. Edgeworth Mme. de Fleury i, I shoved Victoire, and she pushed at me again. 1853Kingsley Hypatia iii, Laughing and shoving each other about.
†9. To prop up. Obs. rare—1. (The reading is doubtful.)
1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xix. 20 Hit hadde shoriers to shoue [MS. I. schyuyn; MS. T. schyue; MS. G. schule] hit vp.
10. slang.
a. To pass (counterfeit money); also to shove (the) queer. Now Obs. or rare.
†b. to shove the tumbler (see quot. a 1700).
†c. to shove the moon (see quot. 1809).
d. intr. (U.S.) To set out for home.
e. to shove it: to depart; to desist from a course of action. Usu. in imp., as an expression of contemptuous dismissal. Cf. stick v.1 18 d.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Shove the Tumbler, to be Whipt at the Cart's Tail. 1809G. Andrewes Dict. Slang, Shoving the moon, to steal your goods away without paying the rent. 1859Matsell Rogue's Lex. 79 Shove queer, pass counterfeit money. 1859[implied in shover1 b]. 1873G. W. Perrie Buckskin Mose ii. 36 If I had been detected in ‘shoving the queer’,..they wouldn't have cared one red cent. 1885Leland Brand-new Ballads (ed. 2) 35 The one [note] I shoved was never worth a continental dam. 1915A. Conan Doyle Valley of Fear ii. ii. 189 This man Pinto helped me to shove the queer... It means to pass the dollars out into circulation. 1941Baker Dict. Austral. Slang 71 Stick it!, a contemptuous ejaculation. Also, ‘shove it!’ 1956B. Holiday Lady sings Blues (1973) viii. 84 It wasn't long after I left that he told them to shove it like I had. 1973J. Wainwright Devil You Don't 18 ‘What say we pick one?’.. McGuire said: ‘Shove it. It's not why we're here.’ 1978L. Stewart Same Time, Next Year (1979) xiii. 145 If he doesn't like it he can shove it, but don't worry—he won't.
11. intr. (Canadian.) Of river-ice: To move forward so as to become more compact. Cf. shove n.1 5.
1836Montreal Transcript 29 Dec. 2/2 About one it [sc. the ice] shoved for the second time, when it remained stationary till dark. 1878Boyd in Bartlett's Dict. Amer., When the St. Lawrence at Montreal has frozen over, it is not safe to cross it until the ice has shoved.
12. Comb.: shove-halfpenny, -ha'penny, a game similar to shovel-board; † shove-pike [pike n.5], ? a weapon used in fighting at close quarters; † shove-up a. in shove-up socket, a contrivance forming part of a candlestick and designed to allow a candle to be burnt out to the end.
1841Punch 27 Nov. 232/2 The favourite game of *shove-halfpenny was kept up till a late hour. 1894Sir J. D. Astley 50 Yrs. Life I. 50 The aristocratic and bewitching game of shove-halfpenny. 1915T. Burke Nights in Town 126 She shot knife, fork, and spoon across the table with a neat shove-ha'p'ny stroke. 1942R.A.F. Jrnl. 3 Oct. 5 Moving from bar to shove ha'penny table. 1969Listener 20 Mar. 381/3 The Camley Arms sounded such a nice pub, with piano on most nights and darts and shove-ha'penny in the public bar.
1763Foote Mayor of Garrat i. Wks. 1799 I. 167 We could get you a *shove-pike.
1751Richardson in Mrs. Barbauld Corr. (1804) VI. 118 Her farthing candle blinking in its *shove-up socket.
▪ IV. shove v.2
see shover2.
▪ V. shove
dial. form of sheaf n.; obs. pa. tense of shave v. |