| 释义 |
▪ I. shout, n.1 Obs. exc. dial. (Lincs.): see Eng. Dial. Dict.|ʃaʊt|
Forms: 4 s(c)houte, 4–5 showte, 4–5, 9 shute, 4, 9 shout; 7 scuyt, scutte.
[ME. schoute, shute, prob. a. MDu. schûte: see schuit, scout n.3]
A flat-bottomed boat.
13..Coer de L. 4785 Berges, schoutes, crayeres fele, That were chargyd with al weel. 14..Piers of Fullham in Hartshorne Metr. Tales (1829) 120 Com there nat dayly out off fflaunders Off ffat elys full many a showte? 1464Rolls of Parlt. V. 569/2 Trowes, Botes, Cobles and Shutes. 1842Lacy Mod. Shooter 365 The Lynn and Boston gun⁓boat, or shout.
Comb.1395Acc. Manor Savoy in Archæologia XXIV. 304 [Paid to divers mariners, called] shoutemen.
▪ II. shout, n.2|ʃaʊt|
Forms: 4 schoute, 4–6 shoute, schowte, 4–7 showt(e, schout, 6 schowt, 7 shoot(e, 6– shout.
[This and the related shout v. first appear in the 14th c. The n. corresponds formally to ON. skúta, skúte, a taunt: see scout v.3; derivation from the root of shoot v. is probable.]
1. a. A loud, vehement cry expressing joy, grief or pain, fear, triumph, warning, encouragement, etc.; a loud cry to attract attention at a distance; a tumultuous uproar by a large body of people.
1375Barbour Bruce vi. 158 With that all haill a schout thai [geve]. c1450Merlin xiv. 223 Than a-roos the showte and the noyse of the saisnes. c1513More Rich. III Wks. 66/2 With this there was a great shout, crying kyng Richarde kyng Rychard. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, iii. vii. 39 This generall applause, and chearefull showt, Argues your wisdome, and your loue to Richard. 1616J. Lane Contn. Sqr.'s T. xi. 195 So great weare th' peoples shootes, yt thearth it startes. 1667Milton P.L. i. 542 A shout that tore Hells Concave. 1737Whiston Josephus, Antiq. vi. ix. §5 The intire army of the Hebrews made a shout, and rushed upon them. 1809Malkin Gil Blas x. viii. (Rtldg.) 358 An involuntary shout of laughter. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. (1894) vi. 143 We heard a faint shout.
†b. shout and hoyes (= oyez), shout and cry = hue and cry. Sc. Obs.
1609Skene Reg. Maj. iv. xv. 69 b, Gif ane man steilles cattell, or anie moueable gudes, and the shout and cry of neighbours follow him [etc.]. 1609Ibid. tr. 2 Stat. Robt. I, xx. 32 b, They sall raise the schout, and hoyes vpon him. Ibid., The Lord of the land or the creditour with schout, and hoyes, may follow him.
c. transf. Applied to any loud noise or cry forcing itself upon the attention.
In quot. 1660 ‘shout’ may be a misspelling of shoot n.
1503Dunbar Thistle & Rose 183 All the birdis song with sic a schout, That I annone awoik. c1560A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) ii. 45 Trumpettis and schalmis wt a schowt Playid or the rink began. 1660Pepys Diary 9 Apr. Great was the shout of guns from the castles and ships. 1802Wordsw. Cuckoo ii, Thy twofold shout I hear. 1855R. S. Hawker in C. E. Byles Life (1905) 257 The shout of the trumpet.
d. U.S. Among American Blacks, a form of dancing accompanied by much loud singing, of religious origin (cf. ring-shout s.v. ring n.1 19); a song of the type sung during such a performance. Also attrib.
1862in E. W. Pearson Lett. from Port Royal (1906) 27 As we walked home we asked Cuffy if they considered the ‘shout’ as part of their religious worship. 1908Sears, Roebuck Catal. 199/3 Negro Shouts. Songs with laughing and whistling choruses. 1937[see praying band s.v. praying ppl. a. b]. 1938Mississippi (Amer. Guide Ser.) 24 Soon a woman leaps out into the aisle. She is ‘moved by the spirit’, she cries, and slowly, rigidly, she begins ‘the shout’, or if it is a Holiness meeting, the ‘Holy Dance’. It is shuffling, intricate; her heels thud on the floor. 1955Keepnews & Grauer Pictorial Hist. Jazz xii. 127 Stomping variations of rags, known as ‘shouts’, were the show-pieces most often used in competition. 1972Listener 10 Aug. 187/1 A musical innovator with tremendous vocal power, he brings gospel and shout singing to the blues.
e. shout-up, a noisy argument. colloq.
1965G. Melly Owning Up ix. 107 Whenever one of us was describing to the other some drunken shout-up with a third party. 1973Times 3 Nov. 11, I didn't mention it until it seemed to become a pattern and then we had a good old shout up.
2. slang (orig. Colonial). A call to a waiter to replenish the glasses of a company; hence, a turn in paying for a round of drinks. Also, a free drink given to all present by one of the company; a drinking party.
to go on the shout: to drink immoderately. to stand (a) shout: to stand treat all round.
1854F. Fyans Let. in T. F. Bride Lett. fr. Victorian Pioneers (1898) 127 Do you forget the shout you stood—the shout for all hands? 1863H. Simcox Outward Bound (1864) 81 Many a ‘shout’ they're treated to. 1886H. Baumann Londinismen 177/1 It's my shout, jetzt will ich euch traktieren. 1887‘Hopeful’ Taken in 135 [New Zealand] There is a great deal of standing ‘shout’ in the Colonies. 1892Kipling Barrack-room Ballads, Yng. Brit. Soldier, Don't go on the shout. 1911C. E. W. Bean ‘Dreadnought’ of Darling xxxii. 282 ‘Boys,’ he says, ‘help yourselves. This is my shout.’ 1914Bulletin (Sydney) 17 Dec. 44/2 The..bloke..ses t' me: ‘Your shout mate.’ 1954S. Mackenzie Refuge 16 Come up and have a cup of coffee—my shout. 1977D. Bagley Enemy xxvii. 212 Honnister addressed the landlord. ‘Hi, Monte: a large scotch and a pint of Director's.’ ‘My shout,’ I said.
†3. Comb.: shoutcry, a loud, piercing shout.
1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 28 Soom mayden coompany..Rearing with shoutcry soom boare.
▸ a. colloq.to give (a person) a shout: to call for (a person's) attention; to alert or notify; (in extended use) to contact (a person), to get in touch.
1915W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage lxviii. 345 I'll leave the door open so that you can give me a shout if you want anything. 1931N. Coward Post-mortem i. 6 If the Adjutant calls up, give me a shout. 1970M. McLuhan Let. 12 June (1987) 409 Hope you will give me a shout sometime when you are in town. 1971T. Murphy Whistle in Dark i. 8 Relax, have a rest, I'll give you a shout when they come. 1991J. Caplan Memories of Gorbals (BNC) 76 Just take your time, ladies. I'm sure you'll find what you want amongst this lot. If not, then give me a shout and I'll show you another sample book.
b. slang (orig. Naut.). A call to duty; (esp.) an emergency call-out for the fire brigade, or another rescue service.
1932F. Shaw in E. Partridge Dict. Slang (1950) 1169/1 He'd asked me for an early shout. 1970P. Laurie Scotland Yard iii. 84 The usual weekly ‘shout’ arises relating to a robbery of a shop's take. 1979N. Wallington Fireman! iii. 37 My first hour of duty brought no ‘shout’, as emergency calls were termed. 1992Lifeboat Spring 48/1 Although only a real-life ‘shout’ in bad weather would cement the relationship the next four days at sea would be a good start. 1999S. Perera Haven't stopped dancing Yet xiv. 187 Mid-afternoon I was left to get on with calls, ringing the London and Home Counties fire, ambulance and police controls to find out if there had been any ‘shouts’.
c. Brit. colloq. A mention, a greeting, an acknowledgement; esp. a namecheck given over the radio or during a live performance. Freq. in big shout. Cf. shout-out n.
Particularly associated with dance music and club subculture.
1991Guardian (Nexis) 24 Aug. Callers to DJs Dangerous Dave or Trouble don't say ‘hello to all my mates’; they give ‘a big shout to my posse’. 1997M. Collin & J. Godfrey Altered State v. 154 The Spinmasters would constantly repeat on their deranged Sunset Radio show: ‘Big shout going out.’ 2001Top of Pops Mag. Sept. 18/3 A big shout out to my mother Yolanda, cos she's been with me from the beginning and she keeps me sane.
▸ Brit. and Irish English colloq. A hope of success. Chiefly in in with a shout: having a chance of succeeding.
1987Rugby World & Post Mar. 29/3, I honestly think that Scotland are in with a great shout—especially if we beat France in our first game. 1992Sporting Life 9 Oct. (Greyhound Life Suppl.) 4/4 Rashane Jade—also quickly into stride, not without a shout. 1992B. Zephaniah City Psalms (BNC) 45 If yu in doubt yu don't hav a shout When yu talk against dem Dem say get out. 2000Kingdom (Killarney, Republic of Ireland) 19 Sept. i. 53/7 We obviously consider our chances to be 50/50 but once you get to a final at least it puts you in with a shout.
▪ III. shout, v.|ʃaʊt|
Forms: 4 schoute, 4–6 schowt, shoute, showte, 4–8 schout, 5 (schuot), schowte, 6–7 showt, 4– shout; 4–5 shote, 7, 9 (dial.) shoot.
[See shout n.2]
1. a. intr. To utter a loud call, to make a loud outcry expressive of joy, exultation, etc. or to raise an alarm, to incite to action, etc.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 877 Nauþeles þaȝ hit schowted scharpe & ledden loude al-þaȝ hit were A note ful nwe I herde hem warpe. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 635 And in the se it happede hem to mete—Vp goth the trompe—& for to schoute & schete. 1470–85Malory Arthur v. viii. 173 The batails approached and shoue and showted on bothe sydes. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, iv. ii. 87 The word of Peace is render'd: hearke how they showt. 1611Bible Job xxxviii. 7 When the morning starres sang together, and all the sonnes of God shouted for ioy. 1687Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 236 The People..all shouted, and wished him a thousand Blessings. 1726Swift Gulliver iii. i. 181, I called and shouted with the utmost strength of my voice. 1821Shelley Hellas 931 Shout in the jubilee of death! 1863Geo. Eliot Romola ii. i, He..shouted in her ear.
b. to shout at, † on (a person): to assail with shouts, esp. of derision or anger.
c1384Chaucer H. Fame 1808 That euery wight gan on hem shout. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 57 The common people, as if they had never seene a stranger before shouted at mee after a barbarous fashion. c1730Ramsay Wyfe of Auchtermuchty xv, On hir to cry, on hir to schout. c1850Arab. Nts. (Rtldg.) 576 They ran and collected round him, hooting and shouting at him.
†c. To vote by acclamation for (a candidate for Parliament). (Cf. shouting vbl. n. 1 c.) Obs.
1679O. Heywood Diaries (1881) II. 104 Rode to York..found them shouting for knights of the Shire.
†d. Said of animals making loud cries. Obs.
c1435Torr. Portugal 570 Me thynkythe, I here my dragon schowt. a1568Bannatyne MS. (Hunter. Club) 661 The mirthfull maveiss mirriest Schill schowttit throw the schawis.
e. Of a place: To resound with shouts. Of an inanimate thing: To make a loud uproar. rare.
1513Douglas æneis viii. v. 67 Euery schaw Schouttis agane of thair clamour and dyn. 1871Macduff Mem. Patmos xx. 275 The valleys shouting with summer joy. 1880Howells Undisc. Country x. 139 The fire shouted and roared within.
f. quasi-trans. (refl.) with complement.
1898‘Merriman’ Roden's Corner ii. 14 He waved his silk hat and shouted himself hoarse.
g. U.S. slang. Of things: To be unmistakably significant. Also in phrase now you're shouting = ‘now you are speaking to the purpose’.
1876Scribner's Monthly Nov. 142/1 ‘Then why prevaricate?’ Said he perversely, ‘Now yer shoutin'!’ 1892Howells Mercy 420 Northwick said simply, ‘Yes, I will go with you.’ ‘Well, now you're shouting,’ said Pinney. 1892Pall Mall Gaz. 25 July 3/1 Figures which, to use an Americanism, fairly ‘shout’.
h. Indirect passive.
1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. I. v. ii, Necker, for not being at the Séance, shall be shouted for.
†i. To be loud in support of a candidate. Cf. root v.2 1 d. U.S. Obs.
1875[implied in shouter2 1 b]. 1907N.Y. Evening Post (semi-weekly ed.) 21 Nov. 4 Federal office-holders in various Southern States have been dutifully shouting for Roosevelt.
2. a. trans. To utter (something) with a loud voice.
1500–20Dunbar Poems xxvi. 112 Be he the correnoch had done schout. 1607Shakes. Cor. i. i. 218 They threw their caps As they would hang them on the hornes a'th Moone, Shooting their Emulation. 1718Rowe tr. Lucan i. 250 He..lov'd to hear the Vulgar shout his Name. 1872Morley Voltaire i. 8 Industriously shouting the cry of a church, the more effectually to reduce the faith to a vague futility.
b. With clause or quoted words as object.
c1374Chaucer Troylus ii. 614 With that gan al here meyne for to shoute ‘A go we se, cast vp þe yates wyde’. 1595Shakes. John v. ii. 103 Haue I not heard these Islanders shout out Viue le Roy. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) IV. 97, I heard a voice, at my side, shout out, in once-loved accents, O, my dearest mamma. 1887Hall Caine Son of Hagar ii. i, ‘A canny morning, Mr. Christian’, he shouted.
c. fig. To indicate plainly.
1931E. F. Benson Mapp & Lucia ii. 30 Red-brick houses with tiled roofs, that shouted Queen Anne and George I in Lucia's enraptured ears. 1976D. Francis In Frame iii. 48 From laquered hair via crocodile handbag to gold-trimmed shoes she shouted money.
†3.
a. To insult with a clamorous outcry; = to shout at (see 1 b).
b. To welcome with shouts, acclaim. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce ix. 366 Thai schowtit hym and scornyng maid. c1560A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) ii. 122 This still for bargan Sym abyddis, And schowttit Will to schame. 1706I. Watts Horæ Lyr. (1743) 76 While our Hosannas all along the Passage Shout the Redeemer. 1784Cowper Task vi. 698 The statesman of the day..comes. Some shout him, and some hang upon his car.
4. (in senses a–e dial.)
a. To call, summon (a person).
b. To publish the banns of marriage of (persons): = cry v. 5 d.
c. To call in (assistance).
†d. to shout (a person) up, out of bed: to ‘call’ (a person) in the morning, to awaken (some one, from sleep by calling loudly. Obs.
e. To urge on (an animal) to the attack by a vehement outcry.
1797T. Wright Autobiog. (1864) 189 We therefore shouted the landlord out of bed. 1812Ann. Reg., Chron. 38 After a while, the servant girl, Hannah Evans, came up to him to shout him up. 1864Carlyle Fredk. Gt. ii. xii. I. 121 He stood obstinate siege from the Kaiser's people.., shouted-in Denmark to help. 1888Mrs. J. H. Riddell Nun's Curse I. vi. 106 He broke into a great laugh, and shouted the dogs on to her. 1895Longman's Mag. Aug. 394 To goo an' get the lass shouted afore thou knowed if hoo were willin' to wed thee or not. Mod. (N.E. Derbyshire) I've got to go home; my mother's shouting me.
f. To howl down or reduce to silence by shouts of disapproval. Also fig.
1924G. B. Shaw St. Joan vi. 89, I know that there is no faith in a Frenchman. [Tumult, which he shouts down.] 1965M. Spark Mandelbaum Gate iii. 59 Freddy's thoughts whispered on, refusing to be shouted down by any other voice that might arise in his brain to hush them up. 1967N. Freeling Strike out where not Applicable 36 Francis forces things sometimes by simply shouting her down. 1978P. Moore Man, Woman, & Priesthood xi. 171 This challenge may be not only right, but vindicated; it cannot, however, be ignored and shouted down.
5. Austral. and N.Z. slang.
a. intr. To stand drinks, to treat a crowd of persons to refreshments.
1855R. Carboni Eureka Stockade 68 You shouted nobblers round for all hands—that's all right; it's no more than fair and square now for the boys to shout for you. 1856H. W. Harper Lett. from N.Z. (1914) 10 The first person in New Zealand to ‘shout’ for me, which here means to ask you into a house of call and stand treat. 1859H. Kingsley G. Hamlyn xxxi, So I shouted for him and he for me. 1873J. H. H. St. John Pakeha Rambles through Maori Lands v. 82 Our friend set to work pumping him, and ‘shouted’ liberally till the old fellow's tongue was unloosed. 1896Kipling Seven Seas, Lost Legion iii, We've shouted on seven-ounce nuggets. 1916J. B. Cooper Coo-oo-ee iii. 36 Passing that stage of drunkenness, they started to quarrel over the question as to whose turn it was ‘to shout’. 1963N. Hilliard Piece of Land 32 ‘Going to shout, Horace?’ Clarrie pulled out some change. 1981National Times (Austral.) 25–31 Jan. 23/1 The tightwad..wouldn't shout if a shark bit him.
b. trans. To call for (refreshments, drinks, etc.) in order to treat the bystanders. Also to shout (a person) to (a treat) and with indirect obj.
1855[see sense a above]. 1867A. L. Gordon Sea-spray, Credat Judæus 139 You may ‘shout’ some cheroots, if you like. 1881A Chequered Career 205 He then ‘shouted’ champagne, and assumed the most pompous airs. 1906E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands xiv. 185 He gave up beer..in order to have it in his power to shout the young lady to 2 s. seats at the Royal. 1940F. Sargeson Man & his Wife (1944) 64 If he had a win he'd shouts us plenty of beer and cigarettes. 1964V. M. Grayland Grave-Digger's Apprentice xx. 119 If my luck's in..I'll shout you to the pictures tonight for helping me out. 1965S. T. Ollivier Petticoat Farm vii. 98 ‘Mingy old skinflints!’ hissed Jane. ‘They could have shouted us an ice-cream!’ 1977Caravan World (Austral.) Jan. 35/1 On meeting an old friend a miner would shout him, not a drink as in other places, but a bath.
Hence ˈshouted ppl. a.
1870Morris Earthly Par. IV. 280 The gates swung backward at his shouted word. 1906Belloc Hills & Sea 113 We heard..the shouted order to mount. |