| 释义 |
chilli, chilly|ˈtʃɪlɪ|
Forms: 7 chille, 7–9 chile, 8 chilly, 9 chili, 7– chilli, pl. chillies.
[In Sp. chile, chili, a. Mexican chilli, the native name in 16th c.
Simeon Dict. Langue Nahuatl, has ‘Chilli, piment dont on compte douze espèces principales; il sert à composer avec le maïs une boisson très-recherchée chilli atolli, chillatolli’. So ‘chilatl eau de chilli’, etc. As early as 1631, Bontius erroneously stated that the name was from Chile in S. America ‘quasi dicas piper a Chile’.]
1. a. The dried pod of species of Capsicum or Red Pepper, esp. C. annuum fastigiatum and frutescens. The pods, which are acrid, pungent, and of a deep red colour when ripe, are largely used as a condiment, and when reduced to powder form the basis of Cayenne pepper.
1662H. Stubbe Ind. Nectar ii. 10 Some Pepper called Chille..was put in. 1676Worlidge Cyder (1691) 179 Two Cods, or Pods, of Chile. Ibid. 184 Chile, or long Pepper. 1685J. Chamberlayne Coffee, Tea & Choc. 89 Some hold there are but two sorts of Chiles or Chilli, the one the Eastern which is Ginger, and the other Western, which is the Pepper of Mexico. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair iii. (1853) 18 ‘Try a chili with it, Miss Sharp’, said Joseph, really interested. ‘A chili’, said Rebecca, gasping; ‘oh yes!’ She thought a chili was something cool, as its name imported. 1870Yeats Nat. Hist. Comm. 149 In tropical countries chillies are used in great quantities.
b. The shrub which bears chillies.
1843Prescott Mexico iii. vi. (1864) 169 Fields of towering maize, the juicy aloe, the chilli or Aztec pepper.
2. Comb., as chilli (usu. chile or chili) con carne (orig. U.S.), a stew of Mexican origin containing minced beef flavoured with chillies (in quot. 1907 contextually shortened to chile con as a nonce-use.); chilli (usu. chili) sauce (chiefly U.S.), a sauce made with tomatoes, peppers, and spices; chilli-vinegar, vinegar flavoured with chillies.
1818Byron Beppo viii, Soy, Chili-vinegar, and Harvey. 1857S. Compton Smith (title) Chile con carne, or the camp and the field. 1895Outing (U.S.) XXXVI. 28/2, I went to a little Mexican restaurant..and, sitting there eating my frijoles and chile con carne [etc.]. 1907Chile con [see airtight n. 2]. 1927Weekly Dispatch 4 Apr. 4/6 Excellent Mexican meal of tamalis, chili-concarne etc. 1960Harper's Bazaar Oct. 98/2 Chili con carne, Mexican beef with hot chili sauce served with red beans and rice.
3. (In form chili.) An oppressive hot southerly wind which blows in Tunisia.
1927W. G. Kendrew Climates of Continents (ed. 2) v. 28 Strong southerly winds are specially hot and unpleasant, and they are distinguished everywhere by local names such as sirocco, chili, khamsin.
Add:[2.] ‖ chiles rellenos n. pl. orig. U.S. [Mexican Sp.: relleno = filled, stuffed], Mexican stuffed green peppers, esp. fried in batter; also in sing.; cf. *relleno n.
1929P. Kleemann Ramona's Sp.-Mex. Cookery 96 Stuffed Peppers a la Mexicana (Chiles Rellenos) No. 1. 6 large long chile peppers. 1 lb. diced white cream cheese. 1979Tucson Mag. June 67/1 Papagayo Restaurant... Chef's specialty is the chile relleno, but every item tested was superior. 1984L. Deighton Mexico Set v. 68 He stopped at a stall to watch a man making chiles rellenos, putting meat fillings into large peppers.
Add:[2.] chilli (usu. chili) powder, a spice made from dried powdered red chillies.
1898Thomas' Amer. Grocery Trades' Ref. Bk. 1899 218 San Antonio... Gebhart *Chili Powd[er] Co[mpany]. 1981B. Cleary Ramona Quimby v. 98 The girls studied the spice shelf, unscrewed jar lids and sniffed. Nutmeg? No. Cloves? Terrible. Cinnamon. Uh-uh. Chili powder? Well....
▸ orig. U.S. = chilli con carne n. at Compounds.
1886San Antonio (Texas) Daily Express 30 July 5/1 [He] got into a row with the keeper of a chili stand and was arrested. 1927C. Beals Brimstone & Chili 112 We spent out twenty centavos for several tacos, with chili, and coffee. 1968N. Benchley Welcome to Xanadu viii. 180 He..ordered a bowl of chili and enchiladas. 1987R. Sarah in R. Sullivan More Stories by Canad. Women 140 There's a vegetarian chili, it uses bulgur instead of meat. 2005Times (Nexis) 30 July (Knowledge section) 39 Spicy Mexican three-bean chilli.
▸ chilli dog n. N. Amer. a hot dog topped with a serving of chilli con carne.
1948Arizona Daily Sun 9 June 3 (advt.) Cecil's Snack Shack. Thick milk shakes and malts. Hot dogs, *chili dogs. 2002A. Proulx That Old Ace in Hole (2003) iii. 23 He stopped for gas.., got a dripping chile dog to eat. |