| 释义 |
▪ I. chemic, a. and n.|ˈkɛmɪk|
Forms: α. 6–7 chymick(e, chimick(e, 7 chymique, -ike, 8–9 chymic. β. 7–8 (also in 9 in sense B. 4) chemick, 8– chemic.
[a. F. chimique, or mod.L. chim-, chymic-us, for med.L. alchimic-us: see alchemic. Chymic-us began to take the place of the earlier word, after the Renascence, under the influence of etymological studies and recognition of the Greek words (χῡµός juice, χυµικ-ός of or concerning juices, χυµεία infusion) considered to be the etymological source, it being held that chemistry was really ἡ χῡµική (τέχνη) ‘the infusory art’. The modern spelling che- in this word-group is based on the fact that χηµία, χηµεία is actually found in Greek c 300: see alchemy.]
A. adj.
1. Of or pertaining to alchemy; alchemic.
1576Baker Jewell of Health 6 a, The chymicke Authors. 1613Heywood Braz. Age ii. ii. Wks. 1874 III. 221 The Art of making gold By Chimicke skill. 1652Ashmole Theat. Chem. Proleg. 11 The Grecians that brought the Chemick Learning..out of ægipt. 1718Prior Alma iii. 61 How could our Chymic Friends go on, To find the Philosophic Stone. 1815Wordsw. White Doe i. Wks. IV. 58 Close toil with chemic fire; In quest belike of transmutations.
†b. Of alchemy metal, i.e. counterfeit gold.
1635Quarles Embl. ii. v. (1718) 83 Thy base And chymick metal. 1675Dryden Aurengz. iv. i, I'm tir'd with waiting for this Chimick Gold, Which fools us young, and beggars us when old. 1819Byron Juan i. ccxvii, A chymic treasure Is glittering youth, which I have spent betimes.
†2. Relating to the Paracelsian theory or practice of medicine. Obs. (Cf. chemiatric.)
1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1653) 224 Chymick medicines are to fooles like swords in mad mens hands. a1763Shenstone Wks. & Lett. (1768) II. 187 The..difference..seems to be that of chemic and galenic medicines.
3. Of or belonging to chemistry. (poet. and rhet. for chemical.)
1634Habington Castara (1870) 130 You by a chaste chimicke art, Calcine fraile love to pietie. 1704Pope Windsor For. 241 With chymic art..draws the aromatick souls of flowers. 1732Berkeley Alciphr. vi. §14 Extract this essential oil by chemic art. 1791E. Darwin Bot. Gard. i. 163 You [Nature] form with chemic hands the airy surge. 1862Tyndall Mountaineer. v. 37 The mystic store of chemic force, which nobody understood. 1868Tennyson Lucretius 20 The wicked broth Confused the chemic labour of the blood.
B. n.
†1. An alchemist. Obs.
1598Florio, Alchimista, a chimicke. a1631Donne Poems, Love's Alchemy, As no chymique yet the Elixar got. 1673B. Oley Pref. Jackson's Wks. I. 17 The chymicks (which spend much gold only upon hope of getting more).
†2. A Paracelsian or chemiatric physician. Obs.
1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1653) 253 Fixing or perfecting. This is that all good Chymickes desire. 1627Hakewill Apol. (1635) iii. viii. §5 Galen mentions..three sects of Physitians..we have now a fourth that goe under the name of Chymikes, Hermetiques, or Paracelsians. 1660Howell Lex. Tetragl., The Chymick sayes in stones, in herbs, in words, Nature for every thing a cure affords.
†3. A chemist. Obs.
1633G. Herbert Temple, Vanitie iii, The subtil Chymick can devest And strip the creature naked, till he find The callow principles within their nest. 1643Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. i. §50 Some of our Chymicks facetiously affirm, that at the last fire all shall be crystallized and reverberated into glasse. 1651Davenant Gondibert i. vi. 70 On which his chemics & distillers wrought.
†b. An apothecary or druggist. Obs.
1646Suckling Acc. Relig. 117 Every petty Chymick in his little shop.
4. A bleacher's name for chloride of lime as a chemical bleaching agent. (Cf. chemic v. 2.)
1875Ure Dict. Arts I. 379 Chloride of lime..is universally called chemick in the manufactories.
5. A dye consisting of a very acid solution of indigo in sulphuric acid. Also attrib.
1817W. Tucker Family Dyer & Scourer i. 7 There are some blues on silk, of a very light shade, that are dyed with chymic blue. Ibid. ii. 35 Chymic for light blues, and greens on silk or woollen. Ibid. iii. 46 From your chymic bottle, one or two drops.
▪ II. ˈchemic, v.
In 7 chimick, 8 chymick, 9 chemick.
[f. prec.]
†1. trans. To transmute by or as by alchemy.
1614W. B. Philosopher's Banquet (ed. 2) A ij, They haue..Melted the earth, and Chimickt into gold. 1720Welton Suffer. Son of God I. Pref., Chymick'd into a Strange Shape.
2. Bleaching. To treat (cotton or linen) with solution of chloride of lime (see chemic n. 4). Hence ˈchemicking vbl. n.
1875Ure Dict. Arts I. 388 [Cotton cloth is] passed through chloride of lime, or chemicked. Ibid. 390 Directions [for bleaching linen]..7. Wash well. 8. Chemick..12. Chemick again. 1884Times 15 Apr. 8 The goods are submitted to the ‘chemicking’ process. 1886Ibid. 26 Jan. 3 [The cloth] then passes through the chemicking vat. |