| 释义 |
▪ I. shaver|ˈʃeɪvə(r)|
[f. shave v. + -er1.]
1. One who shaves with a razor.
c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 652/9 Hic rasor, shawere. 1483Cath. Angl. 333/2 A Schaver, tonsor, barbitonsor (vbi Barbwre A.). 1592[implied: see 3 below]. 1628Ford Lovers Mel. ii. ii, Shall I fetch a Barbour..? He..has not been vnder the Shauers hand almost these foure yeeres. 1777Johnson in Boswell (1904) II. 125 Sir, of a thousand shavers, two do not shave so much alike as not to be distinguished. 1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. xix, The bird-fancier was an easy shaver also, and a fashionable hair⁓dresser also. 1906B. Capes Loaves & Fishes 165 And any shaver [will tell you], that his razor, after maltreating..one side of his face, will repent.
fig.1641Milton Ch. Govt. ii. Concl. 64 If they [the Prelatry, likened to Delilah] be such clippers of regal power and shavers of the Laws.
2.
†a. One who pillages or plunders; an extortioner. cunning shaver: a swindler, sharper.
1534Whitinton Tullyes Offices iii. (1540) 144, I wyll not speke of murderers,..theues, pollers and shauers in this place. 1606Dekker Seven Deadly Sins vi. (Arb.) 39 A shauer of yong Gentlemen, before euer a haire peepe out of their chinnes: and these are Vsurers. 1652J. Wright tr. Camus' Nat. Paradox vi. 111 This bred a suspition..that they were some cunning Shavers that intended to surprise them. a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Shaver, a Cunning Shaver, a subtil, smart Fellow. 1726De Foe Hist. Devil (1822) 272 The Devil is a cunning shaver. 1785Grose Dict. Vulgar T., Shaver, a cunning shaver, a subtle fellow, one who trims close, an acute cheat. 1800Weems Washington i. (1877) 6 A shaver of farthings from the poor six⁓penny pay of his own brave soldiers! 1815W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 242 Those scribes for collectors close shavers. 1823‘Jon Bee’ Dict. Turf. s.v., ‘He's a shaver’; said of one who charges high for his goods.
b. U.S. (See quot. 1860.)
1813Jefferson Writ. (1830) IV. 199 This..the States have..alienated to swindlers and shavers, under the cover of private banks. 1819H. McMurtrie Sk. Louisville 124 (Thornton Amer. Gloss.), [The operation of discounting] affords fine sport to shavers. 1849Hawthorne Twice-told T., Mr. Higginbotham 71 As he's a real shaver, I'll have the minister..for an indorser. 1860Bartlett Dict. Amer., Shaver... This word, in the United States, is applied to money brokers, who purchase notes at more than legal interest. Banks, when they resort to any means to obtain a large discount, are also called shavers, or shaving banks.
3. a. = ‘Fellow’, ‘chap’; also, a humorous fellow, joker, wag. Now commonly of a youth, with the epithet young, little; the wider application seems to be now only dial.
1592Marlowe Jew of Malta ii. iii. E, Itha... I can cut and shaue. Bar. Let me see, sirra, are you not an old shauer? Ith. Alas, Sir, I am a very youth. 16022nd Pt. Return fr. Parnass. i. ii. 264 Locke and Hudson, sleepe you quiet shauers, among the shauings of the presse. 1602Rowlands Greenes Ghost 39 Such iollie shauers haue I knowne..to sit vp all night,..quaffing and swilling at the Tauerne. 1635T. Cranley Amanda 37 Thou art..not coy..To try the courage of so young a shaver. 1649Davenant Love & Hon. v. iii. 144 Say'st thou so, old shaver? 1698Farquhar Love & Bottle iii. i, Who would imagine now, that this young shaver could dream of a woman so soon. 1786Burns Dream xi, There, Him at Agincourt wha shone, Few better were or braver; And yet, wi' funny, queer Sir John, He was an unco shaver For monie a day. 1854Marion Harland Alone ix, I have known him since I was a shaver. 1887Besant The World Went ii, Forty-five years ago I was just such a little shaver as this. 1899J. Lumsden Edinb. Poems 25 Grahame, Campbell, Pollok, Burns, and Tannahill Are worth ten shiploads o' sich shavers still!
transf.1892S. Hewett Peas. Sp. Devon Pref. 9 A North Devon Colonel of Militia, on seeing a hare jump up.., exclaimed: ‘There 'e go'th, bwoys! a lashing gert shaver!’
†b. mad shaver: a roysterer. Obs.
1611Cotgr. s.v. Enfant, Enfant de la mate, a ruffin, backster, swash-buckler, swaggerer, mad shauer. a1625Fletcher Hum. Lieut. ii. iv, Leo [old soldier]. Here's a mad Shaver, He fights his share I am sure... Lieu. I learnt it of my Betters. 1651Fuller's Abel Rediv. 63 Erasmus going abroad somewhat early one morning, was met in a narrow lane by a company of madde shavers. 1664Cotton Virg. Trav. 62 My mother's a mad Shaver, no man alive knows where to have her.
4. One who shaves hoops; more fully hoop shaver.
1885St. James's Gaz. 2 Jan. 6/1 The chief shaver whistles as he brings his blade down a strip of hazel with a hiss.
5. a. A shaving instrument or tool. Now esp. a small electrical appliance with a set of blades working against a perforated guard.
1558Warde tr. Alexis' Secr. 114 b, Fynally, with the saied shaver, or sharp yron, make the sayed pypes or conduites holowe. 1592Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) II. 252, ij cheshels and a shaver. 1597Middleton Wisd. Solomon xiii. 12 As when a carpenter cuts downe a tree,..He pareth all the barke most cunningly, With the sharp shauer of his kniues abuse. 1648Hexham ii., Een Schaejken, a small Shaver, or a chiping Axe. Ibid., Een schrabber, a Rasour, or a Shaver. 1897Sears, Roebuck Catal. 111/3 A little gem and a dandy shaver, no better steel put in a razor. 1924Punch's Almanack for 1925 3 Nov. p. xxviii/1 (Advt.), The Wilkinson safety shaver with hollow-ground blades is the ideal..gift for men. 1960N. Mitford Don't tell Alfred xviii. 193 ‘What do you pack?’ ‘Shavers—you know, razors.’ 1980R. Moody Devil you Don't iii. 33 He..took out his shaver and toothbrush.
b. A shaving machine.
1897C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather xvii. 255 With this improved cutter cylinder the Rood shaver is able to shave the best quality skins.
6. colloq. = shavecoat s.v. shave v. 13.
1926H. Pearson Whispering Gallery vii. 106 At a big meeting of hospital directors he turned up..in..un⁓business-like colours. One of the directors whispered to another: ‘He'll be coming in his ‘shaver’ next.’
7. attrib., as shaver point, socket, a power point for an electric shaver.
1971Fremdsprachen XV. 145/1 Shaver point, Trockenrasiersteckdose. 1977Western Morning News 30 Aug. 10/4 (Advt.), Good-sized kitchen; radios, shaver points, &c. all bedrooms.
1965Newnes Practical Householder Encycl. III. 1329/1 The shaver is operated from a special shaver socket unit. 1978Cornish Guardian 27 Apr. 19/2 (Advt.), Strip lights with shaver sockets.
▪ II. shaver
obs. form of shiver v. |