| 释义 |
chary, a.|ˈtʃɛərɪ|
Forms: 1 ceariᵹ, -eᵹ, ceari, 3 chariȝ, 5 charry, (6 chearie, cheyrye, chairie, 7 chairy), 6–7 charie, 6– chary.
[OE. ceariᵹ = OS. carag (in môdcarag), OHG. charag: —OTeut. type *karag-oz, f. karâ- sorrow, trouble, care. With the sense-development cf. careful.
The palatalization of initial ca- in this word, while it remains guttural in care, is thus accounted for: in the n. the original OE. type was nom. caru, gen. *cære, whence ceare (cf. cæster, ceaster etc.); so app. the derivative *cæriᵹ, whence ceariᵹ, with palatal ce- becoming ch-. But the n. retained guttural c in the nom. (even when by u- umlaut it was occasionally written cearu), so that no such form as chare is found in ME. As to sense 3 cf. chare a.]
†1. Causing sorrow, grievous. Obs.
a1000Doomsday 67 (Gr.) Wæs Meotud on beam bunden fæste cearian clomme.
†2. Feeling or showing sorrow; sorrowful, mournful. Obs.
a1000Crist 148 (Gr.) Hie bidon hwonne bearn Godes cwome to ceariᵹum. a1000Soul's Address 162 (Gr.) Ne þurfon wyt beon cearie. c1200Ormin 1274 For turrtle ledeþþ chariȝ lif..fra þatt hire make iss dæd.
†3. Dear; precious, cherished. Obs.
a1400Morte Arth. 2965 Ffore the charry childe so his chere chawngide, That the chillande watire one his chekes rynnyde! 1593Peele Edw. I, 200 And henceforth see you call it Charing-cross; For why, the chariest and the choicest queen, That ever did delight my royal eyes There dwells. a1600W. Elderton in Farr S.P. Eliz. II. 514 O God, what griefe is this thye charie church should want A bishoppe of so good a grace. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 253 Things of charie price. 1820Scott Monast. xxix, Fill the stirrup cup..from a butt yet charier than that which he had pierced for the former stoup.
4. Careful, cautious, circumspect, wary.
1542Udall tr. Erasm. Apoph. 221 b, I am much more charie, that it may not be lost. 1566Answ. Examination pretending to mayntayne Apparell, etc. 148 Those prudent and chairie ouerseers which tythe mint and anice. 1625–8tr. Camden's Hist. Eliz., I..have not touched them but with a light and chary hand. 1857Sir F. Palgrave Norm. & Eng. II. 343 Yet in this concession, he was very chary. 1878G. Macdonald Phantastes II. xiii. 15 Enough to madden a chary lover.
b. Fastidious, shy, particular.
1567Drant Horace's Epist. ii. ii. H iv, Whilste theye indite, and reade theire toyes, Moste chearie and most coy. 1592Greene Ciceronis Amor., Man having swilled in this nectar of Love is so chary that he..admitteth no partaker of her favours. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. iii. 36 The chariest Maid is Prodigall enough, If she vnmaske her beauty to the Moone. 1834Mudie Brit. Birds (1841) I. 114 Another [eagle]..not quite so chary in its food as the former.
c. Const. in, of. Shy of, disinclined to.
1579G. Harvey Letter-bk. (1884) 66 To be very chary and circumspect in opening himselfe. 1673Marvell Reh. Transp. ii. Wks. (1875) II. 253 Men ought to be chary of aspersing them [the clergy]. 1828Scott F.M. Perth vi, Chary of mixing in causeless strife. 188319th Cent. May 882 Crown authorities were very chary in putting it in force. 1884Law Times 16 Feb. 278/1 Tradesmen chary of allowing vessels to leave port prior to payment.
5. Careful (in preservation of). Const. of, † over.
1579Gosson Sch. Abuse (Arb.) 58 If you bee chary of your good name. 1598Greene James IV (1861) 219 With chary care I have recur'd the one. 1598Yong Diana 390 Her father was so tender and charie ouer her, that few times he suffered her to be out of his sight. 1638Cowley Love's Riddle i. i, 'Faith, I am very Chary of my Health. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) I. 221 The curious sea-chest of glasses..which I shall be very chary to keep as a monument of your love. 1754Richardson Grandison III. viii. 56 Be chary of them, and return them when perused. 1820Scott Monast. xxiv, In reference to your safety and comfort, of which he desires us to be chary.
6. Careful not to waste or part with, frugal, sparing (of).
1570Levins Manip. 106 Cheyrye, parcus. 1592Greene Disput. 4 Hee that is most charie of his crownes abroad. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters I. 154 They drank nothing but water, of which they were very chary. 1826Scott Woodst. iii. They were more chary of their royal presence. 1868M. E. Braddon Dead Sea Fr. I. ii. 20 He had much need to be careful of shillings, and chary even of pence. 1872W. Minto Eng. Lit. ii. vii. 478 He is rather chary than enthusiastic. 1874Sayce Compar. Philol. vii. 281 The primitive barbarian..would have been extremely chary in his use of words.
†7. Requiring care or careful handling. Obs.
1581Mulcaster Positions v. (1887) 28 The cheife and chariest point is, so to plie them all, as they may proceede voluntarily.
8. quasi-adv. Charily; carefully.
c1590Marlowe Faust. vi. 175 Thanks, Mephistophilis, for this sweet book, This will I keep as chary as my life. a1600W. Elderton in Farr S.P. Eliz. II. 513 And charie went to churche himself. c1600Shakes. Sonn. xxii, Which I will keepe so chary, As tender nurse her babe. 1633Heywood Eng. Trav. iii. Wks. 1874 IV. 44 Let men live as charie as they can. a1845Hood Mary's Ghost v, You thought that I was buried deep, Quite decent like, and chary. |