| 释义 |
▪ I. shanghai, n.|ʃæŋˈhaɪ|
Also shanghae, -hay.
[f. Shanghai or Shanghae, the name of one of the chief seaports of China.]
1. With capital initial. A long-legged, large breed of domestic fowls, with feathered shanks, reputed to have been introduced from Shanghai; now developed into the brahmas and cochins.
1853Tegetmeier Profit. Poultry 19 Cochins or Shanghaes. 1853Fortune in Wingfield & Johnson Poultry Bk. 3 The Shanghae breed. Ibid., Some of the Shanghae fowls' eggs have double yolks. 1857Agassiz Contrib. Nat. Hist. U.S. I. 164 Varieties..such as the Shanghae fowl, for instance.
2. Austral. and N.Z. Also as shangeye. A catapult.
1863Leader 24 Oct. 17/1 (Morris), Turn, turn thy shang⁓hay dread aside, Nor touch that little bird. 1875Spectator (Melbourne) 15 May 22/1 The lads had with them a couple of pistols, powder, shot, bullets, and a shanghai. 1901Dyson Gold-stealers viii. 81 The plan brought Dicky, ‘shanghai’ in hand, under the tree where Hardy sat. 1940F. Sargeson Man & Wife (1944) 7, I was out in the backyard with my shanghai, and..I took a shot at a thrush. 1947D. M. Davin Gorse blooms Pale 57 Bits of shangeye as they called their catapults. 1972M. Gee In my Father's Den 44 He made me shanghais and bows and arrows.
3. U.S. (See quot.).
1880Scribner's Monthly Jan. 365/1 The ‘shanghai’ is the glaring daub required by some frame-makers for cheap auctions. They are turned out at so much by the day's labor, or at from $12 to $24 a dozen, by the piece.
4. Shanghai oil: an oil extracted from the seeds of Brassica chinensis.
1861Bentley Man. Bot. 453.
5. Darts. With capital initial. [f. shanghai v. 1.] A popular variation of the game of darts, in which players amass points by throwing three darts at each number in succession, players failing to score during a round being eliminated or ‘shanghaied’ (but see also quot. 1953); a winning shot or score of a single, double, and treble of a number.
1930Anchor Mag. (Barclay Perkins, Brewers) 196 ‘Shanghai’ may be played by teams of 8, in pairs, individually, or, in fact, any number. 1936R. Croft-Cooke Darts vii. 44 Of all the lesser-known games which can be played on a dart-board, there is none which combines such fascinating elements as Shanghai. And it remains exciting till the very last throw. 1953Word for Word (Whitbread & Co.) 31/2 Shanghai, a popular variant of the standard game of darts, usually played by four or more people. Each player is given a number which he must first score; he then proceeds to score the numbers of all the other participants. 1968N. E. Williamson Darts v. 46 Shanghai. One of the more popular dart games for a number of players... Usually two or three numbers most often 5, 7 and 9 are nominated as ‘Shanghai’ numbers, and a player not scoring on any one of these is ‘Shanghaied’ or out of the game. 1977Daily Mirror 10 May 30/2 The hot twenty—including local favourites George Simmons, Tony Brown, Mick Norris and Lew Walker—have to sweat through nineteen 501s, one 1,001, one 2,001, one round-the-board-on-doubles, one shanghai and one halve-it. 1980K. Turner Darts ix. 89 There is however a special shot that will automatically win the game on any number: scoring ‘Shanghai’—hitting the single, double and treble of that number (in any order).
▪ II. shangˈhai, v.
[Formed as prec.]
1. trans.
a. Naut. slang (orig. U.S.). To drug or otherwise render insensible, and ship on board a vessel wanting hands.
1871N.Y. Tribune 1 Mar. (Schele de Vere Americanisms, p. 347), And before that time they would have been drugged, shanghaied, and taken away from all means of making complaint. 1887S. Samuels Forecastle to Cabin 46 To be carried or forced on board of a ship in this manner is what is termed in sailor parlance being shanghaied.
transf.1909Chamb. Jrnl. July 440/2, I have got the Grand Duke pretty well shanghaied.
b. transf. To transfer forcibly or abduct; to constrain or compel. colloq. (orig. U.S. Mil. slang).
1919in Amer. Speech 1972 (1975) XLVII. 97 The second third has been ‘shanghaied’ for garrison duty. 1934Sun (Baltimore) 21 May 7/5 Arguments will be heard..on Insuli's plea that that court has no jurisdiction over him because he was ‘shanghaied’ from Istanbul. 1958People 4 May 15/6 We began to wonder if she'd got herself shanghaied. 1974Sunday Times 15 Dec. 3/1 Hunt..thought he was being ‘Shanghai-ed’—prison jargon for a transfer to another prison as a punishment. 1976J. Gibson As I saw It xxviii. 491 Most of my guests get shanghaied into giving a general knowledge talk to the boys.
c. Darts. To eliminate (a player) from a game of shanghai. See sense 5 of the n.
1968[see shanghai n. 5]. 1980K. Turner Darts ix. 90 A more common variation is to ‘Shanghai’ players out of the game.
2. Australian. [See prec. n. 2.] ‘To shoot with a shanghai’ (Webster's Suppl. 1902).
Hence shangˈhaier, one who shanghais.
1917Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 19/1 Once..a shanghaier had been shanghaied by a rival shanghaier. 1926J. Black You can't Win xii. 152 Here I learned to beware the crafty shanghaier with his knockout drops.
Add: shangˈhaied ppl. a.; shangˈhaiing vbl. n.
1872J. D. McCabe Lights & Shadows N.Y. Life 784 The various methods of forcing a sailor to sea are called ‘Shanghaiing’. 1901Hall & Osborne Sunshine & Surf iv. 41 Instead of being off the shores of South America, the shanghaied cargo was lying in the harbour at Papeete. 1937E. Pound Let. 30 Oct. (1971) 297 Thank heaven I have what is probably a Shanghai'd (pirated) edtn. of Kung and Mantse. 1985J. A. Michener Texas v. 276 Even children witnessed murders and shanghaiings..and endless brawls. |