| 释义 |
champignon, -pinion|tʃæmˈpɪnɪən, ʃæm-|
Also 6 ? champion, 7–8 cham-, campinion, 8 -pignion.
[a. Fr. champignon (14th c. in Littré):—L. type *campiniōn-em. OF. had champigneul = It. campignuolo:—L. type *campinolius. Both forms appear to be derivatives of camp-us field, open country, but their structure is not clear.]
A name applied originally (as in French) to fungi, or mushrooms generally; in 18th c. to edible mushrooms, esp. Agaricus campestris; but, subsequently, restricted to the Fairy Ring Agaric (A. Oreades).
1578Lyte Dodoens i. ii. 6 Venemous Champions or Tode stooles. 1657Tomlinson Renou's Disp. 258 Scarce an inveterate tree but some kind of campinion adheres thereunto. 1681T. Dineley Jrnl. Tour Irel. in Trans. Kilkenny Archæol. Soc. Ser. ii. I. 179 Mushrooms, toadstooles, or champinions are in great number good and fair. a1700Dryden (J.) He viler friends with doubtful mushrooms treats, Secure for you, himself champignons eats. 1708Phil. Trans. XXVI. 78 The Champinion or Toad-stool. 1743Watson in Phil. Trans. XLII. 601 Although many Species of Mushrooms are eatable..the Gardeners only propagate that Sort with red Gills, called, by way of Excellence, Champignon, a Name given by the French to all sorts of Mushrooms. 1762Hudson Flor. Angl., Agaricus Oreades, champignion. 1775J. Lightfoot Flora Scot. (1777) II. 1021 Champignion or Fairy Agaric. 1794Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxxii. 501 The Champignon or common eatable Mushroom. 1807Wollaston in Phil. Trans. XCVII. 137 The broadest rings that I have seen were those of the common mushroom (Ag. campestris); the narrowest..are those of the champignon (Ag. oreades of Dr. Withering). 1832Veg. Subst. Food 334 The champignon..grows on more moist land than the..mushroom. 1841Thackeray in Fraser's Mag. June 723/1 This was the bill of fare..Champignons à la Provençale (the most delicious mushrooms I ever tasted). 1966Oxf. Bk. Flowerless Plants 34/1 Clitocybe rivulosa (‘False Champignon’) is to be found in groups amongst short grass in late summer and autumn, and may form fairy-rings. |