| 释义 |
camomile, cham-|ˈkæməmaɪl|
Forms: 3–4 came-, camamille, 5 camamylle, -melle, -myle, camomelle, 5–6 camomylle, 6 cammamyll, -myld, cam(m)omyle, camamile, -mil, -mel, camimile, chamomylle, -myle, chamœmell, 6–7 cammomill, 6–8 camomil(l, 7 chamamil, chamæmell, cammomel, chamœ-, chamemile, chamomel, (8 camomoil), 8–9 chamomile, 6– camomile.
[a. F. camomille (also formerly camamille), ad. L. chamomilla (Pliny, etc.), an altered form of chamæmēlon (Pliny, Palladius, etc.), a. Gr. χαµαίµηλον earth apple (f. χαµαί on the ground + µῆλον apple); so called from the apple-like scent of the blossoms. Cf. It. and Pr. camomilla, Sp. camomila, Fr. dial. camomile, camamile. The spelling cha- is chiefly in pharmacy, after Latin; that with ca- is literary and popular.]
1. a. The name of a Composite plant, Anthemis nobilis, an aromatic creeping herb, found on dry sandy commons in England, with downy leaves, and flowers white in the ray and yellow in the disk, but in cultivation often all white like a double daisy. The flowers are employed in medicine for their bitter and tonic properties. Also distinguished as Noble or Roman Camomile, White C., and in its single wild form as Scotch C.
c1265Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 557 Camomilla, camemille, maiwe. 1313in Wardrobe Acc. Edw. II, 20 Camamille, 12d. c1440Promp. Parv. 59 Camamyle, herbe, camamilla. a1450E.E.P. (1862) 141 Vn-to a benche of camomylle My wofulle hede I dyd inclyne. 1483Cath. Angl. 52 Camomelle, camomillum. 1513Douglas æneis xii. Prol. 116 The clavyr, catcluke, and the cammamyld. 1530Palsgr. 202/2 Cammamyll herbe, camamille. 1540Elyot Image Gov. (1556) 63 b, The grounde was thicke covered with Camamile. 1548Turner Names of Herbes (E.E.T.S.) 13 Anthenus [Anthemis]..is called in englishe Cammomyle. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 95 Herbes of all sortes..Camamel. 1586Cogan Haven Health (1636) 77 Chamæmell is hot and dry in the first degree. 1605Timme Quersit. i. vii. 33 The flowers of chamamil. 1660Bond Scut. Reg. 41 The Camomile the more it is trodden on, the better it groweth. 1748Thomson Cast. Indol. i. lviii, He bask'd him on the ground, Where the wild thyme and camomoil are found. 1794Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxvi. 397 Common or true Camomile..sometimes covers a considerable extent of ground on dry sandy commons. 1878T. Bryant Pract. Surg. I. 51 Warm fomentations..medicated with..chamomile.
b. Also used as an English book-name for the genus Anthemis, and popularly applied to several allied plants, esp. Matricaria Chamomilla (Wild Camomile, Dog's C., German C., or Camomile Goldins); Anthemis Cotula (Stinking Camomile, Dog's C., May-weed); blue or purple c., the Sea Starwort, Aster Tripolium; red or purple c., Adonis autumnalis (from its foliage).
1578Lyte Dodoens ii. xxx. 184 Stinking Camomill or Cotula fœtida. Ibid. 185 Vnsauery Camomilla [M. inodora] or Cotula non fœtida. 1597Gerard Herbal, Women that dwell by the seaside call it..blew camomill. 1783Ainsworth Lat. Dict. (Morell) vi, Cauta, Dogs camomile. 1790–1820Sowerby Eng. Bot. (ed. 3) VI. 52 Corn Chamomile, Anthemis arvensis. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede 214 The wild camomile that starred the road side.
2. Comb., as camomile-flower; also camomile-alley, an alley planted with camomile (see quot.); camomile-tea, an infusion of camomile flowers.
1626Bacon Sylva §96 A Physitian prescribeth, for the cure of the Rheume that a Man should walk continually upon a *Camomill-alley; Meaning that he should put Camomill within his Socks.
1652Culpepper Eng. Physic 18 Boiled with..*Chamomel flowers.
1753World 37, I..am forced to attend with her *camomile tea.
1965New Statesman 30 Apr. 674/3 At my daughter's kindergarten, the children drink camomile tea, not milk, at break. 1968G. Butler Coffin Following ix. 200 She sipped her camomile tea delicately. |