| 释义 |
chalco- Min.|ˈkælkəʊ|
Occas. chalko-.
Stem and combining form of Gr. χαλκός copper, brass, used in the names of many minerals, as ˈchalcocite [Dana's alteration of the older name chalcosine (see below)], native sulphide of copper, copper glance. ˈchalcodite [named 1851; f. Gr. χαλκώδ-ης like copper + -ite], a hydrous silicate of iron, found in velvety coatings, having a brass-like lustre, a variety of stilpnomelane. ˈchalcolite [see -lite], a synonym for torbernite, which was erroneously supposed to be an ore of copper. chalcoˈmenite [Gr. µήνη the moon; named with reference to selenite, f. σελήνη moon], a copper selenite from S. America. chalˈcophacite [Gr. ϕακός lentil], a synonym for Liroconite, a native arseniate of copper, occurring in small lentil-shaped crystals. chalˈcophanite [Gr. ϕαν- appearing, showing], a hydrous oxide of zinc and manganese, having sometimes a bronze-like lustre. chalcoˈphyllite [Gr. ϕύλλον leaf: named 1847], a green, foliated arseniate of copper. chalcoˈpyrrhotite [named 1870], a variety of pyrrhotite, a sulphide of iron and copper, resembling chalcopyrite. chalcoˈsiderite [Gr. σίδηρος iron], a hydrous phosphate of copper and iron, a variety of Dufrenite. ˈchalcosine [badly formed on Gr. χαλκός + -ine], earlier name of chalcocite (see above). chalcoˈstibite [Gr. στίβι (στίµµι), sulphuret of antimony: named 1847], a rare sulphantimonide of copper. chalˈcotrichite [Gr. (θρίξ), τριχ- hair], a variety of cuprite occurring in acicular or capillary crystals, known as plush copper-ore.
1868Dana Min. (1884) 53 Specimens referred to chalcocite. 1857Shepard Min., Chalcodite. 1868Dana Min. (1880) 460 Brush ascertained the identity of chalcodite and stilpnomelane. 1801tr. Klaproth's Ess. Min., Werner has given it the name Chalcolite. 1868Dana Min. (1884) 586 Chalcolite has since crept back again, but is no more appropriate now than it was sixty years ago. 1881Nature XXIV. 41 A new selenite of copper..Chalcomenite..occurs in the Argentine Republic. 1850Dana Min. 529 Chalcophacite. 1875Amer. Chemist July 1 On chalcophanite, a new mineral species. 1850Dana Min. 529 Chalcophyllite. 1875Ibid. App. ii. 11 Chalcopyrrhotite. 1884Ibid. App. iii. 24 Chalcosiderite. 1835Shepard Min. 123 Chalkosine. 1868Dana Min. 85 Chalcostibite. 1832Shepard Min. 123 Chalkotrichite, the capillary variety of red copper ore. 1868Dana Min. 133 Capillary cuprite, chalcotrichite.
Add: chalcophil(e) a. Geol. and Chem. [ad. G. chalkophil (V. M. Goldschmidt 1923, in Skrifter utgit av Videnskapsselsk. I: Mat.-nat. Kl. iii. 7); see -phil], applied to elements which are commonly found as sulphides or native and are supposed to have become concentrated in the mantle when the earth was molten; also as n., (a naturally occurring form of) such an element.
1923Mineral. Abstr. II. 159 The chemical elements are divided into..: (1) Siderophil elements.. (2)*Chalcophil elements of sulphide fusions, represented in meteorites by the troilite phase ( S, Se, Te, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, Hg, Pd , &c.); (3) Lithophil elements of silicate fusions. 1979A. H. Brownlow Geochem. i. 31 The electrons of lithophile and chalcophile elements are more available; thus these elements tend to form ions. 1981J. W. Buttle et al. Chemistry (ed. 4) viii. 190 Metallic sulphides (chalcophils) would dissolve in the iron sulphide phase. 1984Greenwood & Earnshaw Chem. of Elements (1986) xv. 760 The chalcophiles..are associated with copper, specifically as sulfides. |