| 释义 |
▪ I. ceruse|ˈsɪəruːs, sɪˈruːs|
Forms: 4, 7 ceruce, 4, 6 seruse, 6 cereuse, 6–9 cerusse, 7–9 ceruss, (7 cerus), 5– ceruse.
[a. F. céruse (Pr. ceruza, Sp. cerusa, It. cerussa), or ad. L. cērussa ceruse, according to Vossius perh. for a possible Gr. κηροῦσσα (contr. f. κηρόεσσα) waxy, f. κηρός wax.]
1. A name for white lead, a mixture or compound of carbonate and hydrate of lead (usually 2 PbCO3+ PbH2O2); largely used as a white paint, formerly also in medicine for ointments, etc.
c1386Chaucer Prol. 630 Boras, Ceruce [v.r. seruse], ne oille of Tartre noon..That hym myghte helpen. a1500in E.E. Misc. (1855) 72 To temper ceruse. 1585Lloyd Treas. Health F j, Cerusse dropped into thyne eyes taketh away the paine and cleareth the eyes. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. ii. ii. i. i, Galen hath taken exceptions at such waters, which run through leaden pipes..for that unctuous ceruse, which causeth dysenteries and fluxes. 1748Phil. Trans. XLV. 107 A Phial coated within and without with Ceruse, i.e. the Calx of Lead. 1808Henry Epit. Chem. 308 The insolubility of the cerusse in boiling distilled vinegar. 1873A. W. Williamson Chem. §168 Until a thick crust of ceruse is formed over the surface of the lead.
b. esp. as a paint or cosmetic for the skin: often used vaguely.
1519W. Horman Vulg. 169 They whyte theyr face, necke, and pappis with cerusse. 1603B. Jonson Sejanus ii. i, 'Tis the sun, Hath given some little taint unto the ceruse: You should have used of the white oil I gave you. 1623Massinger Dk. Milan v. ii, Your ladyship looks pale; But I, your doctor, have a ceruse for you. 1653Manton Exp. James i. 23 The artificial cerusse and varnish of the face. 1664Butler Hud. ii. i. 608 Others make Posies of her Cheeks..In which the Lilly, and the Rose, For Indian Lake, and Ceruse goes. 1754Connoisseur No. 5 At Paris the face of every lady you meet is besmeared with unguent, ceruss, and plaister. 1822Byron Juan xi. xlviii, Youth, ceruse, Against his heart preferr'd their usual claims. a1859Macaulay Biog. Johnson 84 Johnson..whose eye-sight was too weak to distinguish ceruse from natural bloom.
2. The native carbonate of lead; = cerussite.
†3. ceruse of antimony: ‘a preparation of the regulus of that mineral, powdered, mixed with spirit of nitre, and distilled in a retort till no more fumes will rise’ (Chambers Cycl. Supp. 1753).
1692Boyle Hist. Air xxxviii. 233 A Parcel of his own Ceruss of Antimony. 1754Huxham in Phil. Trans. XLVIII.
▪ II. † ceruse, v. Obs.
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To paint (the face) with ceruse. Hence cerused ppl. a.
1622Fletcher Sp. Curate v. i, I dare tell you To your new ceruz'd [1st folio, cerviz'd] face, what I have spoken Freely behind your back. 1622― Sea Voy. (T.), What ladies cheek, Though cerus'd over, comes near it. 1667Denham Direct. Paint. iv. viii, Vermilion this mans guilt, ceruse his fears. |