| 释义 |
centrosome Cytology.|ˈsɛntrəsəʊm|
Also centrosoma (pl. centrosomata).
[ad. G. centrosoma (T. Boveri 1888, in Jenaische Zeitschr. Naturw. XXII. 752), f. centro- + Gr. σῶµα body.]
a. = centriole.
b. A small region of cytoplasm present in the cells of many animals and lower plants which during interphase is usu. situated next to the nucleus but is occas. within it and which comprises the centrosphere and the centriole(s). Hence ˌcentroˈsomic a.
1889Geddes & Thomson Evolution of Sex xi. 146 Both Van Beneden and Boveri have recently agreed on the existence of two ‘central corpuscles’ (centrosomata) in the protoplasm. 1893Parker & Rönnefeldt tr. Weismann's Germ-Plasm 23 We now know..that even in Phanerogams a small cell-body surrounds the nucleus [of the male cell in fertilization], and that a special structure, the ‘centrosome’,—which is absolutely essential for the commencement of development,—is contained within it. 1900[see telo-1]. 1912E. A. Minchin Stud. Protozoa vi. 81 To the primary centrosome or centriole there may be added adventitious elements of protoplasmic or nuclear origin, thus forming a centrosomic complex. 1925E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) i. 26 In addition to the nucleus, the cytosome often contains a structure known as the central apparatus or microcentrum of which the most essential component is the central body (centrosome, centriole) about which as a center arise the asters. Ibid. 1127 Centrosome, (1) originally, the central body lying at the astral center..(Boveri, 1888); (2) Subsequently, in a more specific sense, the larger central body, composed of centroplasm, within which lies the much smaller centriole (Boveri, 1895, 1901). 1943L. W. Sharp Fund. Cytol. 28 The aspect of the centrosome varies widely in cells of different kinds and especially in different stages of nuclear division. 1964Brown & Danielli in G. H. Bourne Cytol. & Cell Physiol. (ed. 3) vi. 292 The second stage [of egg activation] follows engulfment of the spermatozoon and it is the centrosome which plays the active role and organizes the division apparatus. |