| 释义 |
centralization|ˌsɛntrəlaɪˈzeɪʃən, -ɪˈzeɪʃən|
[f. centralize + -ation, or ad. F. centralisation.]
1. The action of centralizing or fact of being centralized; gathering to a centre.
1801Dupré Neolog. Fr. Dict. 44 Such is the effect of the centralization of government. 1835–6Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 763/2 This tendency to centralization is still more conspicuous in the Phyllosoma. 1849Ruskin Sev. Lamps vi. §2. 164 It is as the centralisation and protectress of this sacred influence that Architecture is to be regarded. 1869Mill Liberty 204 The greatest possible centralization of information, and diffusion of it from the centre.
2. esp. The concentration of administrative power in the hands of a central authority, to which all inferior departments, local branches, etc. are directly responsible.
[See 1801 in 1.]1822Ann. Reg. II. 793 Centralization—that ferocious hydra which has preyed upon..Europe for a century. 1836Bp. of Exeter Charge 33 The vice of modern legislation..‘centralization’ as it is called; a word not more strange to our language, than the practice..is foreign to our ancient habits and feelings. 1863Bates Nat. Amazon I. 38 To combine happily the principles of local self-government and centralisation.
3. Phonetics. The pronunciation of a vowel in the central (central a. 1 d) position.
1962Amer. Speech XXXVII. 169 A third distinctive characteristic of Ocracoke pronunciation..is the centralization of the onsets of the diphthongal allophones of /i/ and /e/. 1964A. C. Gimson in D. Abercrombie et al. Daniel Jones 134 The current complete centralization of the first element in all situations. |