| 释义 |
cementation|siːmənˈteɪʃən|
[f. cement v. + -ation.]
1. The action or process of cementing or producing cohesion; the state of cohesion thus produced. Also fig.
1660Sharrock Vegetables 69 Strengthen those that are weak with a stick tyed above and below the grafted place..till the cementation be made and confirmed. 1799Kirwan Geol. Ess. 109 Earthy substances acquire a stony hardness..from..concretion, cementation. 1818Scoresby in Ann. Reg., Chron. 543 The cementation..of the pieces of a closely aggregated pack [of ice]. 1836Marryat Midsh. Easy xxxvii, To this inequality..society owes its firmest cementation.
2. a. ‘The process by which one solid is made to penetrate and combine with another at a high temperature so as to change the properties of one of them, without liquefaction taking place’ (Watts Dict. Chem.).
1594Plat Jewell-ho. iii. 86 Cementations, Blaunchers, and Citrinations. 1605Timme Quersit. i. xiii. 61 Their colours may be taken away by cementation and reuerberation. 1662R. Mathew Unl. Alch. §101. 165 Make a good fire of Charcole about it, which is called a Wheel-fire of cementation. 1696Phillips, Cementation, in Chymistry it is used for the purifying of Gold, by laying plates of Gold in the midst of Pouders made of Brick and Vitriol, enclos'd in a close stop'd Vessel, and set in a Fire of Reverberation. 1750Phil. Trans. XLVI. 593 Gold..could not be separated from the Platina..either by Cementation, or by the more ordinary Operations with Lead and Antimony. 1818Faraday Exp. Res. xvi. (1820) 65 An attempt..to procure the alloy of steel with silver by cementation: a small piece of steel wrapped in silver leaf..was put into a crucible.
b. spec. ‘The conversion of iron into steel by absorption of carbon{ddd}from a mass of ground charcoal in which it lies embedded while exposed to strong ignition’ (Watts Dict. Chem.).
1780J. T. Dillon Trav. Spain (1781) 142 Steel is made by fusion or cementation. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art I. 4 If the cementation be continued too long, the steel becomes porous..and incapable of being welded. 1862Timbs Year-bk. Facts 189 The theory of Cementation, or conversion of iron into steel, has undergone a thorough investigation.
c. attrib.
1884W. H. Greenwood Steel & Iron xviii. 406 The Cementation process for the conversion of bar-iron into cementation or blister steel... The process is conducted in a converting or cementation furnace. 1887D. A. Low Introd. Machine Draw. xvii. 79 In the cementation process, bars of wrought iron are imbedded in powdered charcoal in a fireclay trough. 1889Q. Rev. July 137 This is known as the ‘converting’ or ‘cementation’ process, and the charcoal employed as the recarbonizing agent is termed ‘cement’. 1967Gloss. Mining Terms (B.S.I.) ix. 7 Cementation process, a method of sealing off water-bearing strata by the injection of cement grout through boreholes.
3. The process of encasing or lining with cement.
1886Pall Mall G. 20 Sept. 3/2 Cementation as a substitute for cremation..Encase the body in cement..and you remove sanitary objections, and observe the formalities of the ritual. |