| 释义 |
▪ I. serving, vbl. n.|ˈsɜːvɪŋ|
[f. serve v.1 + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of the verb serve in various senses; an instance of this. Also comb. with advs., as serving-up.
c1205Lay. 8097 Þa þe seruuinge wes idon þat hit to þe mete com. Ibid. 8114 Hit wes al isomned & þere sereuunge. a1310in Wright Lyric P. xxv. 69 Jhesu,..Thou ne askesd me non other thing, Bot trewe love ant eke servyng. 1463in Acts Parlt. Scot. (1874) XII. 28/2 And þat ȝe mak na ger mak na stoping to me in þe serving of thame [breves]. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 65 As stacyons, inclynacyons, gestures, turnynges, wesshynge, seruynge at meet and in other places..and suche other. 1542–3Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII, c. 27 §79 The shirefe shall haue..for the seruing of euery writ of haberi fac. seisinam, syx shillinges eyght pence. 1656Artif. Handsom. 52 Nor are [they] to be called crossings or opposings of his will; but rather they are servings and obeyings of it. 1757Challoner Garden of the Soul (ed. 7), Method of Serving at Mass. 1816J. Scott Vis. Paris (ed. 5) 127 Here [at restaurants] both the supply and the serving-up are of the most elegant description. 1857J. H. Walsh Man. Dom. Econ. 240 The Serving at Dinner commences by taking in the first course, after which dinner is announced. 1863Mrs. Gaskell Sylvia's L. xvii, While Hester and me is left i' t' shop for t' bear t' brunt o' t' serving.
¶ The part or character ‘served’ by (a disguise).
1611Shakes. Cymb. iii. iv. 173, I haue already fit..Doublet, Hat, Hose, ail That answer to the them: Would you in their seruing,..fore Noble Lucius Present your selfe.
b. concr. A helping (of food, etc.); also Sc. as much as ‘serves’ or satisfies one.
1769Ross Helenore 10 You cou'd na look your sairing at her face. 1818Scott Rob Roy xxv, I hae been waur mistrysted than if I were set to gie ye baith your ser'ing o't. 1843J. Ballantine Gaberlunzie's Wallet iv. 113 Baith beast an' bodie aye gat their full sairin. 1864Mrs. H. Wood Trevlyn Hold xxix, Nora immediately drew an apple-pie before her, and began to cut unlimited servings from it. 1871W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xxi. 159 An' he gae far that road they'll seen get their sairin o' him.
c. Cornwall. ‘A supply of tin ready for smelting’.
1778Pryce Min. Cornub. 326. 1880 D. C. Davies Metall. Min. 420.
2. The action of winding ‘service’ round a rope, etc. Also the material so used.
a1625[see pudding n. 4]. 1688Holme Armoury iii. xv. (Roxb.) 30/1. 1769 Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) s.v. 1833Marryat P. Simple xvi, The captain of the maintop reports the breast backstay much chafed in the serving. 1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 27 The parcelling is put on with the lay, and the serving against the lay. 1890Scribner's Mag. Oct. 403 The core [of a submarine cable] travels through another set of machines which first wrap it with a thick serving of tarred jute.
3. Comb., as serving-hatch, serving-main, serving-valve, etc.; (in sense 2) serving-board, serving-mallet (also transf.), serving spoon; serving cart U.S., a small trolley from which food and drink may be served.
1794Rigging & Seamanship I. 160 *Serving board is a tapering thin piece of board, with a small score gouged at the end and sides. It is used for serving small ropes. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxxiv, I balled up my yarns, took my serving-board in my hand.
1969Sears Catal. Spring/Summer 9/2 *Serving cart... Removable tray. 1978Neiman Marcus Christmas Bk. 98 ‘Le Gourmand’ is a serving cart and more. Made of solid maple with butcher block top that slides back to reveal a stainless well for ice or storage.
1881Edis Decor. & Furniture 114 *Serving hatches. 1904Gasquet Eng. Monastic Life ii. 23 A screen pierced with doors would probably have somewhat veiled the serving-hatch, the dresser, and the passages to the butteries, cellars, and pantry.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 408 The Forcing-pump consists of a working-barrel, a suction-pipe and *serving-main, or raising-pipe.
1750T. R. Blanckley Nav. Expositor s.v. Mallet, *Serving Mallets. 1850H. Melville White Jacket II. xliv. 296 Ten of us Waisters mean to club together, and buy a serving-mallet boat. 1897F. T. Bullen Cruise of ‘Cachalot’ 371 Magnificent clipper ships..who seemed to turn up their splendid noses at the squat, dumpy, antiquated old serving-mallet that dared to mingle with so august a crowd.
1864R. Kerr Gentl. Ho. 248 To place the Butler's-Pantry in intercommunication with the *Serving-room. 1895Pall Mall Gaz. 4 Feb. 8/1 A lift carries the joints up to the serving-room [from the kitchen].
1960M. Spark Bachelors x. 155 ‘What!’ said Marlene, holding the cold peas in the *serving-spoon suspended. 1978M. Russell Daylight Robbery xix. 184 Mrs Braithwaite dropped the serving spoon upon her plate with a clatter.
1797Monthly Mag. III. 464 The small cylinder, which contains the *serving valve.
▸ serving suggestion n. a tip or suggested method for serving or preparing a particular meal or food item.
1919Times-Democrat (Lima, Ohio) 5 Aug. 6 (advt.) *Serving suggestions that solve housewives' problems. 1966Washington Post 5 May e13/1 Serving Suggestions. Pour melted butter and sliced almond sauce over tender cooked spears; add dash of tarragon for added flavor. 2004Independent 2 Nov. 19/3 The iconic blue and yellow tin, with its slightly queasy ‘serving suggestion’ of a ‘Spamburger’ partnered with mayonnaise, tomato and melted cheese in a bread roll.
▪ II. serving, ppl. a.|ˈsɜːvɪŋ|
[f. serve v.1 + -ing2.]
1. That serves, or does service to, another; that acts as a servant. Often hyphened to the qualified n. as in serving-maid, serving-man, -woman.
1303[see serving-man]. 1382Wyclif Heb. i. 14 Seruyng spiritis, sent into mynysterie for hem that [etc.]. a1450[see serving-woman]. 1592Arden of Feversham iv. i. 67 To keepe her from the Painter. Cla. Why more from a Painter then from a seruing creature like your selfe? 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iv. v. 119 Then will I lay the seruing Creatures Dagger on your pate. 1610in T. Pont's Topogr. Acc. Cunningham (Maitland Club) 185 To Johne Birsbane, his serveing gentilman, of fie the said zeir, threttie thrie pund vj s. viij d. 1688Durfey in Roxb. Ball. (1891) VII. 364 If I were but her Serving-Loon, I'd never ask for wages. 1693G. Stepney Dryden's Juvenal viii. note 43 Oriculana, whom Juvenal calls a Serving-Maid. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xxviii, A tight serving-maiden entered the room. c1820S. Rogers Italy, A Funeral (1838) 154 None were near, None save her serving-boy, who knelt and wept. 1851Sir F. Palgrave Norm. & Eng. I. 267 The wanton serving wench. 1870Dickens E. Drood iv, His serving-maid entering, and announcing ‘Mr. Jasper is come, sir’.
b. That acts as server at Mass.
1885(title), Server's Missal. A Practical Guide for Serving Boys at Mass.
2. Of a soldier, etc.: That is on service.
c1570Saparton's Alarum in B.L. Ball. & Broadsides (1867) 118 Al Mars his men..Sit downe a while, and harken heere,..A seruinge souldiers case. 1900Daily News 21 Sept. 3/2 The whole of the home-serving troops. 1908Westm. Gaz. 5 Mar. 9/1 Serving Yeomen and Volunteers who wish to enter the Territorial Force need not attest before June 30.
†3. Of things: Subsidiary. Obs.
a1586Sidney Apol. Poetrie (Arb.) 30 All these are but seruing Sciences, which..are..all directed to the highest end of the mistres Knowledge. 1594Carew Huarte's Exam. Wits (1616) 87 For this sort of wisedome, the cold and drie of Melancholie is a seruing instrument. |