| 释义 |
cassava|kæˈsɑːvə|
Forms: α. 6–7 casavi, 7–9 cassavi, cassavy, -vie, -via, (cacavi); β. 7 cazava, 7–9 cassava, 8–9 casava; γ. 8– 9 cassave; see also cassada.
[In F. cassave, Pg. cassave, Sp. casabe, cazabe, all from the Taino language of Haiti, where it is variously given as caçábi, casávi, cazábbi, cassáve (see Peter Martyr). Several of these forms have been at times used in English.]
1. A plant, called also by its Brazilian name Manioc, Manihot utilissima (family Euphorbiaceæ), two varieties (or species) of which are extensively cultivated in the West Indies and tropical America, as also in Africa, for their fleshy tuberous roots, which ‘yield the greatest portion of the daily food of the natives of tropical America’.
The root of the Sweet Cassava (M. Aipi) is wholesome and is commonly prepared as a vegetable, the root of the Bitter Cassava contains a most virulent poisonous juice, which is however highly volatile, and is expelled by heat.
1555Eden Decades W. Ind. i. vii. (Arb.) 93 They had only Cazibi, that is suche rootes whereof they make theyr breade. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia i. 10 Cassavia growes in Marishes. 1657R. Ligon Barbadoes (1673) 31 [Bread] made of the flower of Mayes and Cassavie mixed together. 1711in A. Duncan Mariner's Chron. (1803) III. 315 Sweet cassave and green plantain roasted. 1796Stedman Surinam II. xviii, Plantains and sweet cassavas roasted. a1818M. G. Lewis Jrnl. W. Ind. (1834) 212 The bitter cassava, unless the juice is carefully pressed out of it, is a deadly poison.
2. The nutritious starch or flour obtained from the roots of the Manioc by grating them, and pressing out the juice; the bread made from this.
A prepared form of cassava flour is Tapioca.
1577Frampton Joyfull Newes 103 The Casaui is the bread..made of an Hearbe that the Indians dooe call Yuca. 1600Hakluyt Voy. (1810) III. 462 Cassaui, a kinde of breade made of roots. 1613Purchas Pilgr. I. viii. ii. 616 Bread of a great roote called Yuca, which they name Cacavi. 1633Gerard's Herbal 1543 (L.) The Indian bread called Cazava. 1750Beawes Lex Mercat. (1752) 754 Manioc of whose Roots Cassave is made. 1828W. Irving Columbus (1848) I. 160 A kind of bread called cassava.
3. attrib. and Comb.
1777Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) II. 430 The inhabitants..had none but Cassava bread. 1884Health Exhib. Catal. 159/1 Cassave Bread. 1796Stedman Surinam II. xx. 96 We passed through two old cassava fields. 1836Macgillivray tr. Humboldt's Trav. xviii. 257 Occupied in preparing cassava-flour. 1837M. Donovan Dom. Econ. II. 325 The sweet cassava plant is free from any noxious property. 1719De Foe Crusoe (1840) I. vii. 116, I searched for the cassave root. |