| 释义 |
sentiment|ˈsɛntɪmənt|
Forms: α. 4 sentment, centement, 4–5 sentemente, 4–6 sentement, 5 sentament; β. 7– sentiment.
[a. OF. sentement (12th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. med.L. sentīmentum, f. L. sentīre to feel; cf. Sp. sentimiento, Pg., It. sentimento.
In the 17th c. the word seems to have been re-introduced with the mod.Fr. spelling sentiment (1314 in Hatz-Darm.).]
†1. Personal experience, one's own feeling. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Troylus ii. 13 For-whi to euery louere I me excuse That of no sentement I þis endite But out of latyn in my tunge it write. c1385― L.G.W. 69 Ye loueres that kan make of sentement In this cas oght ye be diligent To forthren me sumwhat in my labour. c1402Lydg. Compl. Bl. Knt. 197 Right so fare I, that of no sentement Saye right naught..But as I herde..This man complayne with a pitous soun.
†2. Sensation, physical feeling. In later use, a knowledge due to vague sensation. Obs.
αc1374Chaucer Troylus iv. 1177 She cold was and withouten sentement.
β1660Sharrock Vegetables 42 The approach or sentiment of the coole and fresh aire. 1829Chapters Phys. Sci. 334 While in turns it [sc. the hand] approaches nearer to or withdraws farther from this organ [sc. the eye], it teaches it to refer..to one place rather than to another, the impression that is produced on the retina, from the sentiment we have of every position of the hand.
†3. Sensible quality; in quot. = flavour. Obs.
c1400Mandeville (1839) xviii. 189 And other Trees there ben also, that beren wyn of noble sentement.
†4.
a. Intellectual or emotional perception. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 43 Ye in my nakede herte sentement Inhelde and do me shewe of thi swetnesse.
†b. pl. ? Abilities. Obs. rare—1.
c1470Harding Chron. xxxix. xvi, Bledud Gabred reigned, expert in song, And in all musike instrumentes Farre passyng was all other..Suche was his cunnyng and his sentementes, That for a god..Thei honoured hym.
†5. in sentement (Lydg.) = ‘in sentence’: see sentence n. 7 b. Obs.
1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy ii. 1558 Whan þei were present, Ryȝt þus he seide, as in sentament [etc.]. 1426― De Guil. Pilgr. 1135 Transgressyoun ys..shortly, in sentement, Brekyng off a comaundement. c1430― Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 197, I dar conclude as to my feelyng, By confirmacioun as in sentement, Fewe men be stable heer in ther livyng.
6. a. What one feels with regard to something; mental attitude (of approval or disapproval, etc.); an opinion or view as to what is right or agreeable. Often pl. with collective sense.
1639Rouse Heav. Univ. vii. (1702) 99 Now there is an exact parallel to be drawn, betwixt one and the other, according to the sentiment of several of the Ancients. 1675R. Burthogge Causa Dei 38 We have not only Plato's Testimony, but..the common sentiment of all the World to Evince and Prove it. 1708Swift Abol. Chr. Misc. (1711) 154, I shall handle it..with the utmost Deference to that great and profound Majority which is of another Sentiment. 1715De Foe Fam. Instruct. i. iv. (1841) I. 87 My sister Mary is quite of different sentiments from us all. 1773Earl Carlisle in Jesse Selwyn & Contemp. (1844) III. 61, I fear there will not be time to wait for your sentiments, but..I think you will not disapprove of my taking this step. 1833H. Martineau Manch. Strike iii. 27 What were his sentiments respecting the meeting? 1840Thirlwall Greece VII. 87 There needed..scarcely a voice to express the universal sentiment. 1848Dickens Dombey xxiv, Barnet, to say the truth, appeared to entertain an opposite sentiment on the subject. 1852H. Rogers Ecl. Faith (1853) 190 In one sentiment, indeed, you are pretty well agreed—that the Bible is to be discarded. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 231 We are..not attempting to draw a precise line between his real sentiments and those..attributed to him.
b. In wider sense: An opinion, view (e.g. on a question of fact or scientific truth). ? Obs.
1675Baxter Cath. Theol. ii. i. 17 Sure this is your own sentiment: For you deny not that God knoweth from eternity whether [etc.]. 1695Woodward Nat. Hist. Earth Acc. Observ. 2 Proposing..to deliver my Sentiments on certain Heads of Natural History. 1760Dr. Wall in Jesse Selwyn & Contemp. (1843) I. 174 The duchess had too plainly explained her sentiments of Lady Coventry's condition. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 951 His sentiments seem to have been implicitly adopted by his contemporaries.
†c. Phrase. in the same sentiments with, in sentiment with: in agreement with, of the same mind as. Obs.
1741Middleton Cicero II. x. 458 He was in the same sentiments with Antony. 1777A. St. Clair in Sparks Corr. Amer. Rev. (1853) I. 402, I was fully in sentiment with them. 1797Washington Let. Writ. 1892 XIII. 397, I am clearly in sentiment with you that [etc.].
d. them's my sentiments: a colloq. expression of agreement or approval. (In quot. 1847, a declaration of belief.)
1847Thackeray Van. Fair (1848) xxi. 179 The sooner it is done the better, Mr. Osborne; them's my sentiments! 1886J. Bailey Let. 28 Nov. (1935) 26, I was delighted, as I could have said to every word: ‘Them's my sentiments!’ 1937A. Huxley Let. 16 Feb. (1969) 414, I ought to have written long since to thank you for your Sunrise Poem, about which I felt strongly that them was my sentiments. 1940‘B. M. Bower’ Spirit of Range xiv. 162 ‘I'm willing to be just a boneheaded cow-puncher.’ ‘Accent on the bone,’ Pink murmured. ‘Them's my sentiments, old socks.’
7. a. A mental feeling, an emotion. Now chiefly applied, and by psychologists sometimes restricted, to those feelings which involve an intellectual element or are concerned with ideal objects. In the 17–18th c. often spec. an amatory feeling or inclination.
1652tr. G. de Costes' Cleopatra i. To Rdr., I can assure thee that he is better versed in the Sentiments of Love, then in his Breviary. 1663S. Patrick Parab. Pilgr. (1687) x. 57 This sight..gave him such a sentiment of joy, that [etc.]. 1728–46Thomson Spring 672 What melting sentiments of kindly care, On the new parents seize! 1749Smollett Regicide ii. iv, When thy soft heart with kind compassion glows, Shall I the tender sentiment repress? 1771― Humph. Cl. 10 July (1815) 228 My uncle assured him he..spoke from a sentiment of friendly regard to his interest. 1816A. Knox Rem. (1834) I. 52 The Church of England..has manifested no sentiment with such unremitting intensity, as dread of..popery. 1817Chalmers Astron. Disc. i. (1852) 26 We should feel a sentiment of modesty at this just but humiliating representation. 1854Lowell Keats Wks. 1890 I. 226 Men who scrupulously practised the Ten Commandments as if there were never a not in any of them, felt every sentiment of their better nature outraged by the ‘Lyrical Ballads’. 1872Spencer Princ. Psychol. (ed. 2) II. 578 The word Sentiments, as used in this and succeeding chapters, must be taken to comprehend those highest orders of Feelings which are entirely re-representative.
b. Phrenol. In pl., used as the name for the class of ‘faculties’ (including Veneration, Self-esteem, Benevolence, Wonder, etc.), which are concerned with emotion, and to which ‘organs’ are assigned at the top of the brain.
1815J. G. Spurzheim Physiogn. Syst. iii. ii. 275 The faculties which produce propensity, together with a peculiar feeling, and which I call sentiments. 1825Combe Syst. Phrenol. (ed. 2) 153 Genus II—Sentiments. This genus of faculties corresponds to the ‘emotions’ of the metaphysicians... Dr. Spurzheim has named these faculties Sentiments, because they produce a propensity to act, joined with an emotion or feeling of a certain kind.
8. a. A thought or reflection coloured by or proceeding from emotion.
1762Ld. Kames Elem. Crit. xvi. (1774) I. 451 Every thought prompted by passion is termed a sentiment. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair lviii, This sentiment passed rapidly through William's mind, as he was holding Amelia's hand.
b. esp. An emotional thought expressed in literature or art; the feeling or meaning intended to be conveyed by a passage, as distinguished from the mode of expression.
1709Felton Diss. Classics (1718) 32 Their finest Expressions, and noblest Sentiments, are to be met with in these Transcribers. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 37 ⁋5 Either the sentiments must sink to the level of the speakers, or the speakers must be raised to the height of the sentiments. 1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. (1907) II. 107 The sentiments and language are the poet's own. 1861Paley æschylus (ed. 2) Supplices 970 note, In the next verse the δὲ connects the sentiment thus [etc.].
c. An epigrammatical expression of some striking or agreeable thought or wish, often of the nature of a proverb or in proverbial language, announced in the manner of a toast by a person proposing to drink with others in company.
1777Sheridan Sch. Scandal iii. iii, Come, Mr. Premium, I'll give you a sentiment; here's Success to usury! 1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. (1907) II. 116 The speech from the convivial chair, announcing a toast or sentiment. 1842Mrs. Kirkland Forest Life I. 225 The ‘sentiments’ were drank at intervals in very innocent liquids.
9. In generalized use.
a. Refined and tender emotion; exercise or manifestation of ‘sensibility’; emotional reflection or meditation; appeal to the tender emotions in literature or art. Now chiefly in derisive use, conveying an imputation of either insincerity or mawkishness.
1768Sterne Sent. Journ. I. 3 'Tis the monarch of a people..so renown'd for sentiment and fine feelings, that I have to reason with. 1784Cowper Tiroc. 539 New-fangled sentiment, the boasted grace Of those who never feel in the right place. 1883Stevenson Silverado Sq. 247 The tear of elegant sentiment permanently in his eye. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. III. lxxx. 55 Nor do their moral and religious impulses remain in the soft haze of self-complacent sentiment.
attrib.1747Chesterfield Lett. (1892) I. 75 Poets, romance or novel writers, and such sentiment-mongers.
b. Emotional regard to ideal considerations, as a principle of action or judgement.
1851Blackw. Mag. July 20 A man in whose organization sentiment usurps too large a share for practical existence. 1878Morley Diderot I. 177 Their metaphysic and psychology..were pregnant with humanistic sentiment. 1886Froude Oceana 105 A nation with whom sentiment is nothing is on the way to cease to be a nation at all. 1908R. Bagot A. Cuthbert v. 45 Family sentiment is not everything.
†10. (See quot.) Obs.
1838Workwoman's Guide, A necktie made of silk or velvet, and styled a sentiment. |