| 释义 |
carousel|kæruːˈzɛl|
Also 9– carrousel.
[a. F. carrousel, ad. It. carosello, garosello ‘a kind of joust or feat on horseback’. Littré takes It. carosello or garosello as dim. of garoso, quarrelsome, contentious, f. gara quarrel, strife; but this is doubtful, and possibly the etymological form was carrosello, from carro chariot.)]
1. ‘A tournament in which knights, divided into companies (quadrilles) distinguished by their liveries and dresses, engaged in various plays and exercises; to this were often added chariot races, and other shows and entertainments’ (Littré).
1650Marvell Death Ld. Hastings, Before the Crystal Palace where he dwells The Armed Angels hold their Carousels. 1686Lond. Gaz. No. 2117/4 A great carousel is preparing here [Paris] against Easter. 1697Dryden Virg. æneid v. (1806) III. 131 This Game, these Carousels Ascanius taught. 1753Hanway Trav. (1762) I. vii. xc. 414 The carousel, the expence of which amounted to seventy thousand crowns. 1839James Louis XIV, III. 27 Those carousels and mock-fights. 1865Carlyle Fredk. Gt. VI. xvi. vi. 187 Carrousel..is, in fact, a kind of superb betailored running at the ring.
¶ Many writers employing the word historically, have erroneously identified it with carousal.
1709Steele Tatler No. 33 ⁋10 A Carousal, wherein many of the Youth of the first Quality..ran for the Prize. 1762Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) IV. l. 35 His fine taste in dress, festivals, and carousals. 1774T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry (1840) II. 28 A royal carousal given by Charles the Fifth of France to the Emperor. 1823Lingard Hist. Eng. VI. 23 The young king loitered for weeks at Calais, spending his time in carousals and entertainments. 1858J. R. Planché D'Aulnoy's Fairy T. 440 After which, there were ballets, carousals, and a thousand other things.
2. A merry-go-round, a roundabout. Also attrib. Chiefly U.S. (where freq. written carrousel).
1673R. Folyarte Let. in D. Braithwaite Fairground Archit. (1968) iii. 34 A new and rare invencon knowne by the name of the royalle carousell or tournament being framed and contrived with such engines as will not only afford great pleasure to us and our nobility in the sight thereof, but sufficient instruction to all such ingenious young gentlemen as desire to learne the art of perfect horsemanshipp. 1899N.Y. Times Illustr. Mag. in F. Fried Pict. Hist. Carousel (1964) iii. 82 A carousel costs from $300 to $10,000 according to the decoration and finish... A carousel that will seat 60 riders measures 40 feet in diameter and costs $2,200. 1909Sat. Even. Post 13 Mar. 64/1 We make everything..from a hand-power Merry-Go-Round to the highest grade Carousselles. 1951J. D. Salinger Catcher in Rye xxv. 250 She sat down on this big..horse. Then the carousel started, and I watched her go round and round. 1956E. Ambler Night-Comers iii. 58 There was even a small fair in progress. A carousel had been set up. 1958S. Ellin Eighth Circle (1959) ii. xi. 122 A faraway sound of carrousel music. 1968R. Petrie MacLurg goes West x. 89 Bracketed on, so that they hung semi-rampant..were the two carousel horses.
3. (See quot. 1961.) Now esp. one at airports for the delivery of passengers' luggage.
1961Webster, Carrousel, a conveyor (as for assembly-line work) on which objects are placed and carried round a complete circuit on a horizontal plane. 1970Which? Nov. 352/1 Older people..found it hard to tug their cases off the carousels.
▸ carousel fraud n. Brit. a fraudulent scheme to generate VAT rebates (or occas. government grants) in which goods are imported and exported across a network of (dummy) companies.
1989Financial Times 10 Mar. 18/4 The ‘*carousel’ fraud in Northern Ireland, which involved smuggling cattle from Northern Ireland into the Irish Republic, re-exporting them to the north, and then claiming {pstlg}60-{pstlg}100 a head in currency support grants. 2002Guardian 17 Aug. i. 8/1 In more sophisticated versions called carousel fraud, the phones are imported, VAT free, and pass through the hands of a number of companies. Somewhere in the chain there will be a trader who disappears with the VAT money. Eventually, the goods are exported back out of the UK. Then they return, to go round again with a new missing trader. 2006G. Malkani Londonstani xxv. 312 They call it VAT carousel fraud. I like to think of it as the mother of all tax dodges. |