| 释义 |
▪ I. carline1, -ing Chiefly Sc.|ˈkɑːlɪn|
Forms: 4 kerling, -lyng, 6 carlyng, 6–9 carling, carlin, carline.
[Northern ME. kerling, a. ON. kerling woman, esp. old woman, fem. of Karl (with umlaut and -ing, Norse form of -in, -en). Carlin is assimilated to carl, and in the ending follows the Sc. pronunciation of -ing as -in, as in mornin', flittin', etc. In Sc. commonly (ˈkɛrlin).]
A woman, esp. an old one; often implying contempt or disparagement, like carl n.1 2.
a1300Cursor M. 11056 Þe tan was leuedi maiden ying, Þe toþer hir hand-womman kerling. c1375? Barbour St. Theodera 21 Thru flatry Of kerlyngis, þat in mony wyse Ȝung mene betresis oft-syse. 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. 1942 Vnto the nimphe I maid a busteous braid, Carling [v.r. Carline] (quod I) quhat was ȝone. 1630B. Jonson New Inn v. i, Why..sold'st him then to me..for ten shillings, carlin? 1712Arbuthnot John Bull ii. iv, [Peg says] There's no living with that old carline his mother. 1787Burns To J. Smith, That auld, capricious carlin, Nature. 1810Tannahill When John and me were married, My minnie, cankert carling, Would gi'e us nocht ava. 1827Scott Chron. Canongate Introd. (1863) 242 It was but about a young cateran and an auld carline. 1870Morris Earthly Par. III. iv. 56 Goodwife..Thou art a sturdy carline yet.
b. Applied particularly to a witch or one charged with being such.
1528Lyndesay Dreme 45 Off the reid Etin and the gyir carlyng. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 514 How King Duffois was witchit be..ane Witche Carling that duelt in Forres. a1700in Sc. Pasquils (1868) 44 A witches son, shame fa' his face Sa carling lyke. 1790Burns Tam O'Shanter, The carlin caught her by the rump, And left poor Maggie scarce a stump. a1835Hogg Witch of Fife lix, The kerlyngs drank of the bishop's wyne Quhill they scentit the morning wynde.
▪ II. carline2|ˈkɑːlɪn|
[a. F. carline, Sp., It., and med.L. carlina, reputed to be for Carolina, from the emperor Karl or Carolus Magnus (Charlemagne)—‘Herba quam Carolinam vocant, quod Magno quondam Carolo divinitus ostensa fuerit, adversus pestiferam luem salutaris’ (Ruelle c 1525 in Du Cange).]
A genus of Composite plants, closely allied to the thistles, and hence generally called Carline Thistle. The common species (Carlina vulgaris) grows on dry soil, and is conspicuous for the straw-coloured, hygrometric involucre which surrounds the dull purple disk of the flower.
1578Lyte Dodoens iv. lxvii. 529 Carline Thistel..White Caroline Thistel. Ibid. 530 They call it Carlina, or Carolina, bycause of Charlemaigne Emperour of the Romaynes, vnto whom an Angel first shewed this Thistel, as they say when his armie was striken with the pestilence. Ibid., The roote of Carline boyled in wyne, is very good..against the Sciatica. 1605Timme Quersit. iii. 177 The rootes of angelica, of the Carline-thistle. 1861Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. III. 182 Carline-thistle. 1879Lubbock Sci. Lect. xi. 36 The heads of the common carline..present a sort of thicket, which must offer an almost impenetrable barrier to ants.
▪ III. carline3, a. and n.
Also Caroline.
Applied to one of the balls in a particular game at billiards; also to the game in which this is used.
1820Hoyle's Games Impr. 372 The Caroline or Carline game is played either on a round or square table with five balls, two white, one red, another blue, and the caroline ball yellow. 1863Pardon Hoyle's Games 408 The carline holed in a centre pocket scores six. |