| 释义 |
▪ I. candy, n.1|ˈkændɪ|
[a. F. candi in sucre candi; cf. It. zucchero candi (found, according to Littré, in an It. author of 1310), Sp. azucar cande, Pg. assúcar candi, med.L. saccharum candi; a. Arab., orig. Pers. qand sugar, the crystallized juice of the sugar-cane (whence Arab. qandah candy, qandī candied); of Indian origin, cf. Skr. khanda ‘piece’, also ‘sugar in crystalline pieces’, f. khand to break. As in the other langs., the full sugar candy (q.v.) appears much earlier than the simple candy.]
1. Crystallized sugar, made by repeated boiling and slow evaporation, more fully called sugar candy; also any confection made of, or incrusted with this. (In U.S. used more widely than in Great Britain, including toffee, and the like.)
[c1420Liber Cocorum 7 With sugur candy thou may hit dowce. 1543Traheron tr. Vigo's Chirurg. Interpr. Straunge Wds., A syrupe they calle sugre candie.] 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 241 To a pound of double refined sugar put two spoonfuls of water, skim it well, and boil it almost to a candy, when it is cold, drain your plums out of the first syrup, and put them in the thick syrup. 1808–17Foster in Life & Corr. (1846) I. lxxv. 410 Handing round candies and cowslip wine. 1844Emerson Young Amer. Wks. (Bohn) II. 302 One man buys..a land title..and makes his posterity princes; and the other buys barley candy. 1850Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xiv. 124 With her hands full of candy, nuts, and oranges. 1865Mrs. Whitney Gayworthys II. 44 The parson..approved only of white unflavoured candies for his children.
2. Comb., as candy-girl, candy-merchant, candy pink, candy-shop, candy-stall, candy-store, candy-woman; candy-coloured, candy-pale adjs.; candy-braid (U.S.), a twist of candy or toffee; candy-broad sugar (Sc.), ‘loaf or lump sugar’ (Jam.); candy butcher (see butcher n. 3 b); candy-floss [floss2], a sweet confection, usually pink, of fluffy spun sugar; also in transf. and attrib. use as a type of meretriciousness; candy-high a. or adv., to the point of candying or crystallizing; so candy-height; candy-man, an itinerant seller of candy; in the north of England, a bum-bailiff or process-server; so called because in the great strike of coal-miners in 1844, when a large number of extempore bailiffs were employed to eject the miners wholesale from the cottages, there were recognized among them some well-known sellers of ‘dandy candy’ from the Newcastle streets, whose appellation was transferred to persons employed in the unpopular office; † candy-plate, an obsolete confection (see plate); candy-pull (U.S.), a turn at pulling or twisting toffee to make it tough and light-coloured, a party of young people at which toffee is made (in Scotland a taffy-join); candy-stripe(d), pattern(ed) in alternate stripes of white and colour, as in a popular kind of candy; candy-sugar = sugar-candy.
1870Emerson Soc & Solit. Wks. vii. (Bohn) III. 64 Steam..can twist beams of iron like *candy-braids.
1732R. Maxwell Trans. Soc. Improv. Agric. 290 (Jam.) Three ounces of *candy-broad sugar.
1888G. M. Hopkins Poems (1918) 89 A *candycoloured..river.
1951Springfield Sunday Republican 6 May 29A (Advt.), Salt water taffy..pop corn—*candy floss. 1952Times 2 Oct. 6/2 They could not solve problems of foreign policy on a diet of rhetorical candy floss. 1957J. Frame Owls do Cry ii. xxii. 100 You won't get any ice creams or..candy-floss. 1957R. Hoggart Uses of Literacy vii. 171 (heading) Invitations to a candy-floss world: the newer mass art.
1855M. M. Thompson Doesticks xxxiii. 299 With what an affectionate air couldst thou..box the ears of the little *candy-girl.
1741Compl. Fam. Piece i. i. 91 Boil it to a *Candy-height. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 247 When it begins to candy round the edge of your pan it is candy height.
1750E. Smith Compl. Housew. 200 Sugar made into a syrup, and boiled *candy-high.
1863Newcastle Chron. 31 Oct., The colliery carts and waggons stood at the doors and the furniture was handed out..It was evident that the ‘*candymen’ had warmed to their work. 1880Patterson Antrim & Down Gloss. (E.D.S.) Candy-man, a rag-man. These men generally give a kind of toffee, called ‘candy’, in exchange for rags, etc. 1886Leeds Merc. 13 Jan., A large body of police and thirty ‘candymen’ arrived at Medoursley Collieries, Consett, near Durham, yesterday, for the purpose of evicting sixty unionists.
1870‘Fanny Fern’ Ginger-Snaps 61 To the delight of these youngsters and the *candy-merchants.
1920E. Sitwell Wooden Pegasus 48 As they Shelter the children, *candy-pale.
1937L. Bromfield Rains Came i. i. 15 He wore an enormous Rajput turban in shades of poison green and violet and *candy pink.
1649G. Daniel Trinarch., Hen. V, ccclxvi, Soe saue the Ipocras, and *Candy Plate.
1887Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 20 Aug. 5/3 The candies suggest pleasant winter evenings, and ‘*candy pulls’ at the beach in summer.
1845Knickerbocker XXV. 424 *Candy-shop keepers. 1886Harper's Mag. June 93/2 A considerable portion of the refined sugars find their way to the candy shops.
1879Sala in Daily Tel. 26 Dec., A very grand ‘*candy’ stall, overbrimming with those lollipops so irrepressibly dear to the American palate.
1884New York Her. 27 Oct. 7/6 Girl to learn to attend bakery, lunch room or *candy store.
1894‘Mark Twain’ Pudd'nhead Wilson 234 The *candy-striped pole..indicated..the barber shop. 1939M. B. Picken Lang. of Fashion 18/2 Candy stripe, stripe like those in stick candy. 1941‘R. West’ Black Lamb (1942) I. 497 His candy-striped pyjamas. 1959Housewife June 100/1 Candy-striped sheets and pillowcases.
1864Louie's last Term 168 The *candy-woman..did not make any thing of the Dough-balls any how.
¶ Candy in mod. edd. of Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, i. iii. 251: see caudie.
▸ candy bar n. orig. and chiefly N. Amer. a bar of chocolate or other confectionary.
1885Fitchburg (Mass.) Daily Sentinel (Electronic text) 5 Jan. The big *candy bar that has been so much talked of for the past week was won by Charles Wallace. 2001National Post (Toronto) 12 June m8/1 (advt.) The good stuff is always in the middle. Think candy bars. Or jelly donuts.
▸ candy cane n. orig. U.S. a stick of striped rock with a hooked end, resembling a walking stick, and traditionally eaten (or used as a decoration) at Christmas.
1875Wellsboro (Pa.) Agitator (Electronic text) 21 Dec. What roguish audacity has planted a *candy cane in papa's stocking, a candy slipper in mamma's! 2000D. Harris Cute, Quaint, Hungry & Romantic 44 Families huddle around roaring fires sipping mulled apple cider while candles twinkle on trees festooned with candy canes.
▸ candy pulling n. U.S. regional (now chiefly hist.) a social gathering for young people at which confectionery is made and eaten; cf. candy-pull n. at Compounds 2.
1834New Eng. Mag. July 46 (heading) A Kentucky *candy pulling. 1897Scribner's Mag. Dec. 762/2 We all drove over to Pinehollow last night to a candy-pulling. 1949F. Gipson Hound-dog Man (1980) 4 Blackie packed his party clothes along wherever he went; he never could tell when he'd run onto a dance or a candy pulling. 2000G. B. Holmes Time to Reconcile xi. 81 Mother let me go to a candy-pulling... After the boiling of the syrup and the pulling of the sweet mass into amber sticks of candy, [etc.].
▪ II. † ˈcandy, n.2
Obs. form of Candia, name of an island (now Crete): used in some obs. names of plants and products: also in candy-tuft.
1597Gerard Herbal i. xxiv. 31 It grows in Creet, now called Candy. 1601Holland Pliny II. 229 Touching the Candy Carot, it resembleth fennel. 1635J. Taylor (Water P.) Parr in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) IV. 212 More sweet than candy oil. 1668Wilkins Real Char. ii. iv. 89 Candy Alexander. 1750Beawes Lex Mercat. (1752) 382 Oils, in Candy Barrels.
▪ III. ‖ ˈcandy, n.3
[Mahr. khandi, Tamul and Mayal. kandi; in Pg. candil (Yule).]
A weight used in southern and western India, varying greatly in different parts, but averaging 500 pounds av.
1618Purchas Pilgr. I. 657 (Y.) The candee at this place [Batecola] containeth neere 500 pounds. 1862Bright America, Sp. (1876) 101 Every Candy of cotton—a candy is 7 cwt. or lbs. 784—costing 80 rupees. 1875Bedford Sailor's Pocket-bk. ix. (ed. 2) 323 The Maund 25 lbs., and the Candy 500 lbs. English av.
▪ IV. candy, v.|ˈkændɪ|
[f. candy n.1, after F. candir, It. candire to candy. The formation of the French vb. was prob. assisted by taking candi in sucre candi as a pa. pple. = candied: cf. It. zucchero candito.]
1. trans. To preserve (fruits, etc.) by boiling with sugar, which crystallizes and forms a crust; to coat or incrust with sugar. Also absol.
1533Elyot Cast. Helth (1541) 72 a, Gynger..candyd with Sugar. a1634Randolph To Feltham 114 Neatly to candy o're the wholesome pill. 1741Richardson Pamela (1824) I. 126 To pot and candy, and preserve for the uses of the family. c1760H. Glasse (title) Compleat Confectioner..Method of..Candying Fruit. 1866Geo. Eliot F. Holt (1868) 24 If I've only got some orange flowers to candy.
2. fig. To sweeten, render pleasant or palatable; to give a pleasant appearance to; to sugar over.
1592Conspir. Pretend. Ref. Pref. 2 To candie and sweeten them ouer with the louely shewe of peace. 1604T. Wright Passions v. iv. 203 That which was canded with semblable pleasure. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iv. xix. 337 His Teachers..candy over his sourest studies with pleasure. a1658Cleveland Gen. Poems (1677) 15 For shame you pretty Female Elves, Cease thus to candy up your selves. a1734North Examen 305 (D.) Thereby to candy them up to posterity.
3. To form into crystals, congeal in a crystalline form:
a. sugar, honey, etc.;
b. (transf.) other things resembling sugar, as salt, ice, etc.
1598Sylvester Du Bartas i. ii. (1641) 14/1 Th' excessive cold of the mid-aire (anon) Candies-it [a dropping show'r] all in bals of Ycy-stone. 1601Holland Pliny I. 362 As for sugar..the best comes out of India. A kind of hony it is, gathered and candied in certaine Canes. 1713Lond. & Country Brew. ii. (1742) 110 The Sea-salt water candied or coagulated by the Sun. 1880Print. Trades Jrnl. xxx. 37 Too much boiling candies the molasses.
4. transf. To cover or incrust with crystalline substance, as hoar-frost, etc. Also to candy over.
1607Shakes. Timon iv. iii. 226 The cold Brooke Candied with ice. 1613W. Browne Brit. Past. i. iv. (1772) I. 119 Hoary frosts had candy'd all the plaines. 1639G. Daniel Ecclus. xliii. 44 Frost, sent as salt..and Plants are Candid ore. 1703Burchett Naval Trans. iii. xix. (1720) 393 The Provisions sent to them were..candied with Salt.
5. intr. To crystallize or congeal, to become incrusted with sugar.
1657S. Purchas Theat. Pol. Flying-Ins. 209 The hony....of the new world, candies not, but is alwayes liquid like oyl. 1718Quincey Compl. Disp. 34 After the Syrup comes to stand some time, it will candy. Mod. Preserves candy by long keeping. |