| 释义 |
▪ I. cancel, n.|ˈkænsəl|
[(1) ad. L. cancelli (see cancelli); (2, etc.) f. following verb.]
†I.
1. pl. Prison bars, limits, bounds, confines. Chiefly fig. Obs.
1596C. Fitzgeffrey Sir F. Drake (1881) 66 Bounded Within the cancels, that the world doe bound. c1645Sir E. Dering in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. (1692) I. 295 As Mr. Speaker is bounded in and limited, by the Rules and Cancels of this House. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. iii. xiv. 14 A person whose spirit is confined..and desires no enlargement beyond the cancels of the body. a1667― Serm. (1678) 28 To put holy things into cancels, and immure them with acts and laws and cautions of separation.
II.
2. The act of striking out, erasing, annulling, rescinding, etc.
1884Manch. Exam. 12 May 4/4 If an order is fairly executed it is a rare thing to receive a cancel.
3. Print. The suppression and reprinting of a page or leaf. Hence concr.
a. a page so cancelled or struck out;
b. (in full, cancel-leaf) the new page substituted for that cancelled. Also cancel-page, cancel-sheet. (Now the prevailing use.)
1806Southey Lett. (1856) I. 394 Send me down a whole set of the sheets, that I may look them over; and see what cancels are necessary. 1824D'Israeli Cur. Lit. (Rtldg.) 459/2 It was his pride to read these cancels [suppressed by the censor] to his friends. Ibid., These cancel sheets or castrations. 1861D. G. Rossetti Let. May (1965) II. 401 There are five cancel leaves already in the book. 1862National Rev. Jan. 38 This title-page is a manifest cancel. 1872J. A. H. Murray Compl. Scotl. Introd. 33 The leaf is a cancel replacing the original 31. 1908F. Madan in Trans. Bibliogr. Soc. IX. 62 Cancels are newly-printed leaves intended to take the place of cancelled leaves. 1908Pollard & Greg Ibid. 44 When we speak of a cancel nobody else ever knows whether we mean the leaf cut out and destroyed or the leaf inserted as a substitute. If we are careful we distinguish between a cancelled leaf and a cancel-leaf, but the person to whom we are speaking probably does not catch the subtle distinction. A change of terminology might be desirable. 1914R. B. McKerrow Ibid. XII. 299 In one case the leaf has been simply cut out, but in all the others it is replaced by a cancel-leaf. 1924R. W. Chapman in Library V. 249 Notes on Cancel Leaves. 1927[see cancellandum]. 1964F. Bowers Bibliogr. & Text. Crit. v. iv. 152 Two versions of a cancel leaf.
4. pair of cancels: an instrument for defacing or punching tickets (on the railway, etc.).
1887Daily Tel. 11 Apr. 2/6 Charged with stealing a pair of Cancels, the property of the District Railway Company. 1887Standard 18 Apr. 3/5 A pair of ticket cancels.
5. Mus. A natural sign, used to cancel the effect of a preceding sharp or flat. Cf. cancel v. 4 d. Chiefly U.S.
1912Nat. Educ. Assoc. U.S. Jrnl. Proc. & Addresses 1022 The committee [on musical terminology] suggests to those who use ‘cancel’ as a noun, the use of ‘primary’ as an adjective. 1938Oxf. Compan. Mus. 26/2 The American substitution of Cancel for Natural (after a sharp or flat) is defended on grounds that are decidedly logical. 1980C. Headington Illustr. Dict. Mus. Terms 27/2 Cancel, same as ‘natural’ — as opposed to sharp, flat, etc.
▪ II. cancel, v.|ˈkænsəl|
Also 5–6 cansel, 5–7 cancell, 6 Sc. cancil.
[a. F. cancelle-r (15th c. in Littré):—L. cancellāre to make lattice-wise, to cross out a writing, f. cancellus, cancelli cross-bars, lattice. Cf. Pr. cancellar, Sp. cancelar, It. cancellare. F. canceller is a learned word: the native F. repr. of the L. is chanceler: see chancel, etc.]
1. a. trans. To deface or obliterate (writing), properly by drawing lines across it lattice-wise; to cross out, strike out. Of legal documents, deeds, etc.: To annul, render void or invalid by so marking.
c1440[see cancelling vbl. n. 1]. 1466Mann. & Househ. Exp. 332 This day my mastyr reseyvid and canselled the said obligacyon. 1539Elyot in Ellis Orig. Lett. i. 142 II. 117 There was a former patente founde of the sayde Office, and myn was callid in and cancelled. 1592Greene Art Conny catch ii. 2 Marry saies the prentise..then Bull shall cancell my indentures at Tiburne. a1716South Serm. II. x. (R.) The hand-writing against him may be cancelled in the court of heaven. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. xx. 309 A deed may be avoided, by delivering it up to be cancelled; that is to have lines drawn over it, in the form of lattice work or cancelli; though the phrase is now used figuratively for any manner of obliteration or defacing it. 1836Arnold Let. in Life & Corr. (1844) II. viii. 34 In my Catholic Pamphlet..there is one paragraph which I should now cancel.
†b. To deface or destroy by cutting or tearing up.
1580Baret Alv. C 50, I tore or rent in peces the verses that I made: I cancelled them. 1613R. C. Table Alph. (ed. 3) Cancell, to vndoe, deface, crosse out, or teare. 1650Fuller Pisgah iii. iv. 385 That innocent Volume, first cancelled with a pen-knife to pieces, then burnt to ashes. 1659Pearson Creed (1839) 296 One ancient custom of cancelling bonds was, by striking a nail through the writing.
2. fig.
a. To annul, repeal, render void (obligations, promises, vows, or other things binding). Also with out.
1494Fabyan vii. 352 All such bandes and promysses that the Kynge or any other had made..shuld be adnulled & cancelled. 1594Drayton Idea 845 Shake hands for ever, Cancell all our Vowes. 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. ix. 335 Who can say that this [the Moral Law] is abrogated and cancelled by Jesus? 1772Priestley Nat. & Rev. Relig. (1782) II. 34 That promise must have been cancelled. 1844Thirlwall Greece VIII. 138 All debts were to be cancelled. 1924R. Hichens After Verdict ii. xix, Her will, so it seemed to her, had been cancelled out by little Clive's death.
†b. intr. To become void or null. rare.
a1667Cowley, A rash oath that cancell'd in the making.
3. gen.
a. To obliterate, blot out, delete from sight or memory.
1530Lyndesay Test. Papyngo 252 Quho bene Iniuste degraditar of glorie, And cancillat out of thy memorie. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 379 Canceld from Heav'n and sacred memorie, Nameless in dark oblivion let them dwell. 1827J. Montgomery Pelican Isl. ii. 292 Great Babylon was like a wreath of sand, Left by one tide, and cancell'd by the next.
b. To frustrate, reduce to nought, put an end to, abolish.
1593Shakes. Lucr. 934 Why hath thy servant, Opportunity..Cancell'd my fortunes? 1608Yorksh. Trag. i. ii. 203 Much good has been expected in your life; Cancel not all men's hopes. 1813Byron Let. to Moore 2 Oct., Your letter has cancelled all my anxieties. 1850Tennyson In Mem. xcv. 44 At length my trance Was cancell'd, stricken thro' with doubt. 1868Helps Realmah v. (1876) 87, I would cancel those offices which are becoming obsolete.
c. with off. (Cf. cut off.)
1608Shakes. Per. i. i. 113 We might proceed to cancel off your dayes.
4. a. Arith. To strike out (a figure) by drawing a line through it; esp. in removing a common factor, e.g. from the numerator and denominator of a fraction; also absol. Hence b. To remove equivalent quantities of opposite signs, or on opposite sides of an equation, account, etc.; to balance a quantity of opposite sign, so that the sum is zero.
1542Recorde Gr. Artes (1575) 151, I must write that 1 ouer 3, and deface or cancell the 3. 1594Blundevil Exerc. i. iv. (ed. 7) 12 Cancell the 2, and draw another line under the 2 severall Products. 1798Hutton Course Math. (1827) I. 161 Here the 2 to carry cancels the - 2, and there remains the - 1 to set down.
c. fig. To render (a thing) null by means of something of opposite nature; to neutralize, counterbalance, countervail; to make up for, compensate.
1633G. Herbert Temple, The Bag iv, Many a brunt He did endure to cancell sinne: And having giv'n the rest before, Here he gave up his life to pay our score. 1681Dryden Abs. & Achit. 181 With publick Zeal to cancel private Crimes. a1777Goldsm. Prologue 16 Here then at once I welcome every shame, And cancel at three score a life of fame. 1855Maury Phys. Geog. Sea xix. (1860) §792 One motion exactly cancels the other. 1881Jowett Thucyd. I. 29 The later kindness..may cancel a greater previous wrong.
d. Mus. To remove the effect of (a preceding sharp or flat), including an element of the key signature: marked by inserting a natural sign in the score.
[1809J. W. Callcott Mus. Gram. i. v. 50 The Germans, consider this character as an alteration of the letter B, and call it a Cross (Kreuz), or latticed B (Gegittertes Be, B cancellatum).] 1836L. Mason Man. Boston Acad. Mus. (ed. 2) 151 If a sharpened note is again to be restored, or the sharp is to be removed or canceled, it is done by a character called a natural, which is made thus ♮. 1880[see natural n. 7 b]. 1983New Oxf. Compan. Music I. 3/2 Accidental. Signs used in musical notation to indicate chromatic alterations from the key-signature or to cancel them.
e. intr. Const. out. To be rendered null or neutral by counterbalance.
1925Wireless Weekly July 449/1 There will be a position where the effects of the two field coils cancel out. 1965Listener 16 Sept. 421/1 The personal preferences of your contributors are..likely to cancel out.
5. Printing. To suppress (a page, sheet, etc.) after it has been set up in type or printed off.
1738Birch Milton's Wks. I. 46 The Sheet otherwise the same, not cancell'd, but the Alteration made as it was printing. 1775Mason Mem. in Gray's Poems (1775) 401, I once had an intention to cancel the pages, and correct the passages objected to. 1852H. Cotton Edit. of Bible 276 Mr. Lea Wilson was of opinion that fol. xxxi. in the New Testament has been cancelled and reprinted.
†6.
1473in Arnolde Chron. (1811) 78 That noo wullen cloth from thensforth be shorne excepte cancellyng but yf it be fully wet. 1483Act 1 Rich. III, viii. §4 That no Sherman nor other persone..shere nor cancell any Cloth within this Roialme but if the same be afore fullye wette.
†7. To inclose with lattice-work or rails. Obs. [the literal sense of L. cancellāre.]
1644Evelyn Diary (1827) I. 177 In a little obscure place cancelled in with yron worke. 1650Fuller Pisgah iv. iii. 50 Cancelling, and railing it with posts. |