| 释义 |
calotte|kəˈlɒt|
Forms: 7 calot, callott(e, callote, 7–8 callot, 9 calotte.
[a. F. calotte, according to Littré, dim. of cale caul.]
1. A plain skull-cap; now esp. that worn by Roman Catholic ecclesiastics, etc.; formerly also the coif of a serjeant-at-law.
16..Songs Costume (1849) 135 Then calot leather-cap strongly pleads. 1632B. Jonson Magn. Lady i. vii. 68 The wearing the Callott; the politique hood. 1656J. Harrington Oceana (1700) 214 They wore black velvet Calots. 1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy II. 388 An ordinary callotte (or cap which we wear under our hats). 1776Pennant Tours Scotl. ii. 243 A head of Cardinal Beaton, black hair, smooth face, a red callot. 1875Ceremonial Cath. Ch. U.S. 137 Should any wear the calotte, it is taken off also when a genuflection is made; when the deacon sings the Gospel.
2. A cap-like set of feathers on a bird's head.
1874Coues Birds N.-W. 616 Occiput subcrested..forming a calotte of brownish-black.
‖3. Any thing having the form of a small cap; the cap of a sword-hilt; the cap of a pistol, etc. (Chiefly Fr. uses, but occas. used in Eng.)
1886Times 3 Mar. 9/5 If..the spherical calotte of the German system were put out of shape during the firing, it is doubtful whether the firing could be continued with the same precision. 1945Electronic Engin. XVII. 326/2 The sensitiveness of this arrangement at low pressures may be materially improved by attaching a quartz calotte of a few µ thicknesses to the two quartz fibres where they are fused together.
‖4. Arch. (See quot.)
1727–51in Chambers Cycl. 1876Gwilt Archit. Gloss., Calotte, a concavity in the form of a cup or niche, lathed and plastered, serving to diminish the height of a chapel, alcove, or cabinet, which otherwise would appear too high for the breadth.
‖5. Any segment of a sphere, especially the smaller of two unequal segments. (A French sense; but given in some Eng. Dicts.)
6. An ice- or snow-cap.
1894J. W. Gregory in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. L. 515 A ‘calotte’ or snow-cap, similar to those on Kibo..and Chimborazo. 1957Collomb Dict. Mountaineering 38 Calotte, a crest, tip or pyramid of snow which caps the summit of a mountain. The calotte of Mont Blanc is best known. |