| 释义 |
pustule|ˈpʌstjuːl|
Also 6 puscull, -cle; 6–8 pustle, 7 pustel.
[ad. L. pustula blister, pimple, pustule. Cf. F. pustule (13–14th c.).]
1. A small conical or rounded elevation of the cuticle, with erosion of the cutis, inflammatory at the base and containing pus; a pimple; formerly, sometimes, a blister.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. vii. lxi. (1495) 276 Pustules ben callyd gaderynges of postumes and superfluyte in the vtter partyes of the body. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurgie 190 Cossi ben litil pustulis & harde þat ben engendrid in þe face, & principali about þe nose. 1578Lyte Dodoens iii. xxviii. 354 The same..cureth the sores and pustules of the gummes. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 91 Of manifest Service in ripening the Small Pox, where the Pustules rise with a pellucid Humour. 1876J. S. Bristowe The. & Pract. Med. (1878) 168 The pustules of discrete small-pox are always larger than those of the other variety.
a1529Skelton Elynour Rummyng 555 Wythe here and there a puscull Lyke a scabbyd muscull. 1600F. Walker Sp. Mandeville 41 With the continuall moystnes, they engender & bring forth certaine Puscles like Mushromps. 1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1653) 32 To cool and heal any moist pustles. 1643J. Steer tr. Exp. Chyrurg. vii. 27 Pustels or blisters are raised. 1742Lond. & Country Brew. i. (ed. 4) 46 It will there raise little Pustles or Blisters.
b. malignant pustule, the carbuncular disease produced by the anthrax bacillus; = anthrax 2.
[1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. ii. xix. 29 Anthrax is a malygne pustle.] 1864E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene 158 Anthrax (malignant pustule, carbuncular fever). 1872T. Bryant Pract. Surg. 443 Anthrax of the lips has nothing in common with malignant pustule.
2. a. Bot. A small wart or swelling, natural or caused by parasitic influences. b. Zool. A warty excrescence of the skin, as in the toad; a pimple.
1776Withering Brit. Plants (1796) IV. 392 Sphæria maxima [Fungus]. Large, thick, black, marked above with pustules. 1807Vancouver Agric. Devon (1813) 433 On the leaves of pears..and gooseberry trees, it exhibits itself at first in small yellow pustules, increasing in size until they effloresce in clusters of various shapes. 1869Gillmore tr. Figuier's Rept. & Birds i. 25 Toads, in colour are usually of a livid grey, spotted with brown and yellow, and disfigured by a number of pustules or warts.
3. transf. An eruptive swelling of the ground.
1849Murchison Siluria xvi. 404 These subaërial volcanos..are nothing more than superficial pustules. 1861E. T. Holland in Peaks, Passes & Glac. Ser. ii. I. 95 Steaming excrescences of clay. The approach..is over beds of sand and clay, out of which they rise in variegated blotches and pustules of blue, white, red, and yellow.
4. Comb., as pustule-like adj.
1815Kirby & Sp. Entomol. iv. (1818) I. 87 They are produced in the flesh in small pustule-like tumours. 1845Florist's Jrnl. 37 Peculiar to this plant is the property of producing pale pustule-like callosities on the branches. |