| 释义 |
scrofula|ˈskrɒfjʊlə|
Also 5–9 scrophula, 6 skurfula, 7–8 schrophula; pl. 5–7 scrophule, 7 scrofulæ.
[In early use pl. after late L. scrōfulæ swelling of the glands, dim. of scrōfa breeding sow (supposed to be subject to the disease: cf. the use of Gr. χοιράδες, pl. of χοιράς like a hog's back). Later in sing. form after med.L. scrofula, scrophula (also schrof-, scrufula).
From L. pl. are: F. scrofules (see scroffles), G. skrofeln, Sw. skrofler; also F. écrouelles (:—pop. L. *scrofellas: see escroeles, crewels); from L. sing., It. scrofola, Sp. escrófula; also from pop. L. type OE. scrofell. See also scurfle.]
A constitutional disease characterized mainly by chronic enlargement and degeneration of the lymphatic glands. Also called king's evil and struma.
α plural.c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 207 Also blood is medlid wiþ greet fleume & malancolie, & engendriþ glandulas & Scrophulas... Also greet fleume is medlid with malancoli, & þerof comeþ glandula & Scrophule. 1527Andrew Brunswyke's Distyll. Waters D iij, The sam withdryveth Scrofulas wher so ever they be on the body. a1625Lodge Poore Mans Talentt (1881) 13 For the Scrophulæ or Kinges euill. 1670Phil. Trans. V. 2080 Most inhabitants of which are troubled with the Scrofulæ or Kings Evil. 1694Salmon Bate's Dispens. (1713) 411/1 An absolute Cure for all kinds of Struma's or Schrophula's whatsoever.
β sing.1791Boswell Johnson an. 1712, Young Johnson had the misfortune to be much afflicted with the scrophula, or King's-evil. 1843Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xx. 248 Scrofula has a tendency to attack every tissue in the body. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. IV. 597 Thus in the sixties and the seventies it was as common to see persons marked by the scars of scrofula as it still was to see the ravages of small-pox. |