| 释义 |
▪ I. scraping, vbl. n.|ˈskreɪpɪŋ|
[-ing1.]
1. a. The action of the verb scrape in various senses. Also in fig. phr. scrapings of the barrel (see scrape v. 5 d).
c1440Promp. Parv. 450/2 Scrapynge, or schawynge, rasura, abrasio. 1577Holinshed Chron. II. 1189/1 The Abbot of saint Albons sent the boke so disfigured with scrapings & blotting out..vnto the king. 1612Dekker If it be not good D 3 b, Each one sweares (By Orpheus fiddle-case) they will tickle your eares If they can doo 't with scraping. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. Wks. 1851 III. 130 All your learned scraping in antiquity. 1818Scott Rob Roy xv, They [the poultry] had siccan a skarting and scraping in the yard, that there's nae getting a bean or pea keepit for them. 1834Dickens Sk. Boz, Steam Excurs., Here the scraping [i.e. bowing] was renewed. 1842Browning Pied Piper iv, Only a scraping of shoes on the mat. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. x. (1856) 72 The scraping of my pen over the paper. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. IV. 430 It is better to treat each focus independently by scraping or by the excision of a wedge. 1959Listener 22 Jan. 154/1, I think Bill Slim was a very great man, because he made do with practically the scrapings of the barrels.
b. The noise produced by drawing something roughly over a surface. † Also, the action of expressing disapproval of a speaker by shuffling the feet (see scrape v. 7 d).
1561T. Hoby tr. Castiglione's Courtyer i. K 2 b, Then was there hard a great scraping of fete in the floore. 1785Grose Dict. Vulgar T., Scraping, a mode of expressing dislike to a person or sermon, practised at Oxford by the students, in scraping their feet against the ground during the preachment. a1801G. Wakefield Mem. (1804) I. 94 A comical incident..respecting that scraping of the Proctor, Mr. Wilgress, whilst preaching. 1894Hall Caine Manxman 436 There was the scraping of a chair behind the speaker. 1897‘A. Hope’ Phroso xvii. (1905) 327 The scraping of men's limbs and the rasping of cloth on the rock.
2. pl. concr. That which is scraped off, up, or together. Rarely sing.
1511–12Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. IV. 321 The scrapenis of certane giltin weschele. 1533Respublica i. i. 97 The fliettance, the scrapinges,..The skimmynges, the gubbins of booties and praies. 1575Gascoigne Posies, Flowers 33 Catche, snatche, and scratche for scrapings and for crommes. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 391 The scraping of the inward parts of his own hooues beaten into powder and mingled with wine. 1678Phil. Trans. XII. 1063 A fourth sort we have which we call Scrapings, that is a course sort of Salt..that cleaves to the tops of the sides of the Phats. 1730Swift Lady's Dressing Room 40 The Bason takes whatever comes, The Scrapings from her Teeth and Gums. 1790Speechly Cult. Vine 33 The dust and scrapings from roads. 1835Dickens Sk. Boz, The Streets, Morning, An apprentice..thinking of..the miseries of the milk and water, and thick bread and scrapings. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 704 The microscopic examination of scrapings reveals at once their [sc. certain diseases'] characteristic fungi.
fig.1566T. Stapleton Ret. Untr. Jewel i. 32 The scrapinges of malice it selfe. 1860Tennyson Sea Dreams 77, I..trusted him with all, All my poor scrapings from a dozen years Of dust and deskwork.
3. attrib. and Comb., as scraping-iron, scraping-knife, scraping machine, scraping-plane, scraping-tool; scraping-ground, a place where deer scrape or rub the velvet off their antlers.
1877Hallock Sportsman's Gaz. 89 (Cent.) The lordly bucks begin their nocturnal rambles over their favourite runways and *scraping-grounds.
1717Protestant Merc. 16 Aug. 4 The Tree..scraped on the Bark, as if it had been done with a *Scraping-Iron or Addice. 1906Daily Chron. 16 Feb. 6/6 The pressure of the scraping-iron used by the workman was sufficient to knock a huge hole in the vessel.
1382Wyclif Jer. xxxvi. 23 He kutte it with a *scraping knife of the scribe. 1662Comenius' Janua Ling. Triling. 87 A Butcher..scalds swine all over first with hot water, and scrapes them with a scraping knife. 1852C. Morfit Tanning & Currying (1853) 166 For removing the hair, the scraping-knife alone must be used. 1886*Scraping machine [see scraper 7 a].
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 483 This tool is called a *scraping plane, and is used for scraping the ivory keys of piano-fortes, and works inlaid with ivory, brass, and hardwoods.
1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Escoplo, a *scraping toole, a plaine for a carpenter.
▪ II. ˈscraping, ppl. a.
[f. scrape v. + -ing2.]
1. That scrapes, in various senses of the verb scrape.
15991st Pt. Ret. Parnass. Prol. 2 That scrapinge legg, that dopping curtisie. 1790Burns Let. to Mrs. Dunlop 8 Aug., A quality rather rare in compliments of these grinning, bowing, scraping times. 1824Scott Redgauntlet ch. xix, The blind scraping scoundrel [a fiddler]. 1879Organ Voicing 17 A scraping or chiffing noise is sometimes heard accompanying a note. 1890H. G. Dakyns Xenophon I. Introd. 121 note, Scraping courtiers and nodding satellites.
2. esp. Money-grubbing, miserly.
1593Shakes. Rich. II, v. iii. 69 He shall spend mine Honour, with his Shame; As thriftlesse Sonnes, their scraping Fathers Gold. a1618Raleigh Prerog. Parl. 27 The Duke of Lancaster was as scraping as shee. 1732Fielding Miser iii. iii, You are never mentioned but by the names of covetous, scraping, stingy. 1861Thornbury Turner (1862) I. 74 He had always been brought up to be saving and thrifty by the careful scraping old barber, his father.
Hence ˈscrapingly adv., in a scraping manner.
1680J. Sharp Serm. on Eccl. iii. 10, 26 That live scrapingly and uncharitably,..all their lives long. |