| 释义 |
▪ I. buffet, n.1|ˈbʌfɪt|
Forms: 3–6 buffett(e, 3–5 boffet(e, 4 bofet(t, -at, 5 bofette, bufet, 7 buffit, 3– buffet.
[app. a. OF. buffet, bouffet, a blow, dim. of buffe buff n.1]
a. A blow, stroke; now usually one given with the hand. † pl. Fisticuffs (rare). blindman('s) buffet (also blind and buffet) = blindman's buff.
a1225Ancr. R. 182 Nolde me tellen him alre monne dusigest, þet forsoke enne buffet, uor one speres wunde. a1340Hampole Psalter lxviii. 23, I suffire vnrightwisly shame in bofetis & spittyngis. c1382Wyclif Mark xiv. 65 And summe bigunnen for to bispitte him, and to hide his yȝen, and smyte him with boffatis. c1450Merlin xxviii. 571 Galashin..yaf hym..a buffet with his swerde. 1605Verstegan Dec. Intell. ii. (1628) 32 A Hollander and a Frenchman..falling out, went to buffets. 1675Hobbes Odyssey (1677) 86 How much we do all other men excel At wrestling, buffets, leaping. 1702Pope Wife Bath 416, I..with one buffet fell'd him on the floor. 1783Ainsworth Lat. Dict. (Morell) i. s.v. Blind, To play a blind and buffet, andabatarum more pugnare. 1805Scott Last Minstr. iii. x, On his cheek a buffet fell, So fierce, it stretched him on the plain. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xii, A shower of buffets rained down upon his person. 1879O. W. Holmes Motley xviii. 132 The letter was like a buffet on the cheek.
b. transf. and fig. (Cf. blow, stroke.)
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 885 Þay blwe a buffet in blande þat banned peple. 1605Shakes. Macb. iii. i. 109 One..Whom the vile Blowes and Buffets of the World Hath so incens'd, that, etc. 1792S. Rogers Pleas. Mem. i. 326 The traveller whose altered form Has borne the buffet of the mountain storm. 1875Hamerton Intell. Life v. ii. 178 The buffets of unkindly fortune.
c. Aeronaut. = buffeting vbl. n. 2. Also attrib.
1951Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. Oct. 629/2 With very few exceptions buffet comes from the tail. 1958Chambers's Techn. Dict. 962/1 Buffet boundary, the maximum Mach number at which a subsonic aeroplane may be safely flown without risk of uncontrollability due to compressibility drag.
▪ II. buffet, n.2|ˈbʌfɪt|
Forms: 5 bofet, Sc. buffate, 5–7 buffit, 5–8 buffett, 6 boffett, buffat, buffote, buffed, 8– buffet.
[Of unknown origin. Usually assumed to be the same word as the next, and therefore to be a. F. buffet; but the F. word has not this meaning, nor is there any known connexion of sense in Eng.]
1. A low stool; a footstool. Now only Sc. and north. dial. In the 15th c. described as a three-legged stool, but now denoting in north of England a low stool of any kind, and in Sc. a four-footed stool ‘with sides, in form of a square table with leaves, when these are folded down’ (Jamieson). The fuller buffet-stool occurs in the same sense from the 15th c. Also buffet-form.
1432E.E. Wills (1882) 91, I bequethe..Idary a bofet. c1440Promp. Parv. 41 Bofet, thre fotyd stole [1499 boffet stole], tripes. Ibid. 55 Buffet stole, scabellum, tripos. 1478Act. Audit. 67 (Jam.), Ii buffate stulis. 1568Wills & Inv. (1860) I. 282 in Promp. Parv. 42, 3 Buffett formes 3s., one litle buffet stole, 6d. 1596Lanc. Wills (1861) III. 2 Ij buffet-stooles couered for women. 1611Cotgr., Scabeau, a Buffit, or ioyned, stoole to sit on. a1806A. Douglas Poems (Jam.) Jean brought the buffet-stool in bye. Nursery Rime, Little Miss Muffet sat on a buffet, Eating her curds and whey.
2. A hassock. Chiefly dial.
1877E. Peacock N.W. Lincolnsh. Gloss. (E.D.S.) Buffet, a hassock. The difference between a Bass and a Buffet seems to consist in the former being covered with rush matting, and the latter with carpet. 1886Demos II. 267 A couple of buffets, to supplement the number in the pew.
▪ III. buffet, n.3
(ˈbʌfɪt, ˈbʊfeɪ, ‖ byfɛ)
Also 8–9 beaufet; 8 beaufette, -fait, buffette, 9 beauffet.
[a. mod.F. buffet, of unknown origin: in English, commonly spelt beau- in the 18th c., the cause of which is not apparent.]
1. a. |ˈbʌfɪt| A sideboard or side-table, often ornamental, for the disposition of china, plate, etc.
1718Hickes & Nelson J. Kettlewell ii. §32. 135 The Plate..was placed upon a Table or Buffett. 1755Phil. Trans. XLIX. 66 The electrical expositor stood upon a low beaufet. 1756Colman & Thornton Connoisseur 15 Jan., The beaufait..embellished with a variety of China. 1814Scott Wav. x, An old-fashioned beaufet. 1852Thackeray Esmond i. v. (1876) 34 And with this, the intrepid father mounted the buffet with great agility. 1863Conf. Ticket Leave Man 132 A magnificent beaufet in the second corridor.
b. |ˈbʊfeɪ| In various collocations, buffet meal, buffet party, buffet supper, buffet table, etc., with sense 1 extended to cover the refreshments set out on the sideboard, table, etc., and where guests or customers are usually served standing. Also ellipt.
1888Mrs. Beeton Bk. Househ. Managem. 1443 (caption) Buffet Tea-Table Arranged For From Forty Guests. 1906Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 30 Jan. 6/6 For the first time in Victoria, the buffet supper will be introduced, following the plans of the suppers now usually given at swell balls in Eastern cities. 1922Hotel World 22 Apr. 13/1 At the close of the meeting those in attendance were tendered a buffet luncheon in the main restaurant. 1930R. F. Wilson How to wine & dine in Paris v. 112 The café serves..a cold buffet lunch. 1933E. Shanks Enchanted Village x. 138 The girls and young men round the buffet-table. 1937M. Hillis Orchids on your Budget vi. 102 Buffet suppers are a triumphant solution of the no-maid-and-little-money party. 1951Good Housek. Cookery Bk. 45 Arrange your buffet table in the most convenient place. Ibid., A fair number of people will need to reach the buffet at the same time. 1951Good Housek. Home Encycl. 193/2 Paper serviettes..are inexpensive and convenient..for buffet meals. Ibid. 582/1 Suitable food for a buffet party includes sandwiches and bridge rolls.
2. |ˈbʌfɪt| A cupboard in a recess for china and glasses.
a1720Humourist 116 The Cat had got into the Beaufette among the Glasses. a1745Swift Wks. (1841) II. 78 The beaufet letting in so much wind that it almost blows out the candles. 1751Chambers Cycl., Beaufet, Buffet, or Bufet, was antiently a little apartment separated from the rest of a room by slender wooden columns, for the disposing china and glass ware, etc., called also a cabinet. 1753Phil. Trans. XLVIII. 92 The lightning..forced the door of a beaufet at the end of the hall. 1786Cowper Gratitude 33 This china that decks the alcove Which here people call a buffet [rime yet]. 1876Gwilt Archit. Gloss., Buffet, a cabinet or cupboard for plate, glass or china. Some years back it was the practice to make these small recesses very ornamental, in the form of niches, and left open in the front to display the contents.
3. a. (ˈbʊfeɪ, ‖ byfɛ) A refreshment bar.
1792Observer 19 Feb. 3/3 At two o'clock, the buffets were opened, and the company regaled with a cold collation. c1810W. Hickey Mem. (1913) I. xi. 129 The Buffets, which were numerous, were abundantly supplied with refreshments of every kind. 1869Daily News 16 Dec., In the buffet of the Marseilles station.
b. buffet-car orig. U.S., a railway carriage containing a refreshment bar.
1887C. B. George 40 Yrs. on Rail 248 Buffet,..dining and sleeping cars have all been added to meet the needs and tastes of this enterprising age. 1895J. C. Wait Car-Builder's Dict. (ed. 3) 21 Buffet-car, a term..applied to a style of sleeping-car or parlor-car which has an ornamental buffet where light lunches can be prepared for the passengers. 1899Railway Times 11 Mar. 340/1 Five express trains will be run.., two having first and third class dining-cars attached, and one a buffet car. 1969L. Meynell Of Malicious Intent iv. 42 A fast train back to Liverpool Street..with a buffet car attached to it.
▪ IV. buffet, v.|ˈbʌfɪt|
Pa. tense and pple. -eted.
[f. buffet n.1; but cf. OF. buffeter in same sense.]
1. trans. To beat, strike, esp. with the hand; to thump, cuff, knock about.
a1225Ancr. R. 106 Te Giws..buffeteden him [Christ]. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. xxiii. 191 He boffatede me a-boute þe mouthe. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 259 When he was buffetted & beten for vs. 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. ii. 63 They must be bang'd and buffeted into Reason. 1748Anson Voy. i. iii. (ed. 4) 30 What we ..experienced..when buffetted by the same storms. 1826Scott Woodst. iv, Cut a crow's wing, or break its leg, the others will buffet it to death. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xxxvii. (1856) 337.
b. To beat back, contend with (waves, etc.).
1601Shakes. Jul. C. i. ii. 107 The Torrent roar'd, and we did buffet it With lusty Sinewes. 1791Cowper Odyss. viii. 224 Buffeting the boisterous waves. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. (1856) xxxviii. 348, I had buffeted the elements quite long enough.
c. fig.
a1593H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 212 Our sins buffet God on every side. 1678R. Barclay Apol. Quakers ii. §13. 57 [They] are continually buffeting one another with the Scripture. a1884M. Pattison Mem. 49, I felt humiliated and buffeted.
2. intr. To deal blows, fight, contend, struggle.
1599Shakes. Hen. V, v. ii. 146 If I might buffet for my Loue. 1839Marryat Phant. Ship ix, She was..buffeting in a violent gale. 1847Tennyson Princ. iv. 167 Strove to buffet to land in vain. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. xi, They buffet with opposing waves.
b. fig.
1824W. Irving T. Trav. I. 33 To see so delicate..a being buffet so resolutely with hardships. 1842Tennyson Golden Year 76, I heard them blast The steep slate-quarry, and the great echo flap And buffet round the hills.
3. trans. To drive, force, or produce, by buffeting.
1734Watts Reliq. Juv. (1789) 118 The soul of a man..is not to be buffetted into softness. 1865Parkman Huguenots vi. (1875) 80 He buffeted his way to riches and fame. 1872B. Harte Right Eye of Commander, He felt the salt breath of the..sea buffet a color into his smoke-dried cheeks.
4. trans. To muffle (bells). [Perhaps a distinct word; cf. buff-stop in buff n.2 9, also buffer n.2]
1753Art Ringing 200 (L.) Buffeting the bells, that is, by tying pieces of leather, old hat, or any other thing that is pretty thick, round the ball of the clapper of each bell. |