| 释义 |
‖ scotoma Path.|skəʊˈtəʊmə|
Pl. scotomata |skəʊˈtəʊmətə|, scotomas.
[late L. scotōma, a. Gr. σκότωµα dizziness, f. σκοτοῦν to darken, make dim-sighted, f. σκότος darkness.]
†1. Dizziness accompanied by dimness of sight; = scotomy. Obs.
1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. Interpr. s.v. Scotomia, Some go about, to make a foolysh difference of scotoma, and vertigo. 1822–29Good's Study Med. (ed. 3) IV. 534 Hence Linnéus..has even made scotoma, or dizziness with blindness and a tendency to swoon, a distinct genus also.
2. An obscuration of part of the visual field, due to lesion of the retina or of the ophthalmic centres in the brain. Also fig.
1875Walton Dis. Eye 645 Without limitation of the visual field or scotomata,..direct vision may be much diminished in the region of the yellow spot. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 219 Central scotoma, or loss of vision in the central part of the field, is common [in diabetes]. 1943Horizon Oct. 257 As with all neurotics, the confessions of Kierkegaard only contain a grain of the truth; the analytic scotoma constantly intervenes. 1957F. B. Walsh Clin. Neuro-Ophthalm. (ed. 2) ix. 606/3 Retinal lesions are not rare in cases of Leber's optic atrophy. There may be complaint of chromatopsia and ring scotomas.
Add: Hence scoˈtomatous a., pertaining to, characterized by, or affected by a scotoma or scotomata.
1900in Dorland Med. Dict. 1970O. Sacks Migraine iii. 73 Cardinal characteristics of migraine aura, in its visual (scotomatous), tactile (paraesthetic), and aphasic forms. 1973Nature 1 June 295/1 The patient seems to be unable to distinguish between the presence and absence of visually presented targets whenever they are presented in the scotomatous area. |