| 释义 |
sclero-|ˈsklɪərəʊ|
occurring in scientific terms.
1. As combining form of Gr. σκληρό-ς hard. ˌscleroblaˈstema Anat. [blastema], the embryonic tissue which gives rise to bone. ˌscleroˈbrachiate a. [L. brāchium arm], the distinctive epithet of those brachiopods in which the arms are supported by a hard plate. ˌscleroˈdactyle a. Path. [Gr. δάκτυλος finger], suffering from ˌscleroˈdactyly [mod.L. sclerodacˈtylia], a form of sclerodermia affecting the fingers and toes. sclerœˈdema (also scleredema) Path. (see quot. 1976). scleroˈprotein Biochem., any insoluble structural protein. ˌscleroˈskeletal a., pertaining to or of the nature of the ˌsclero-ˈskeleton, the hardened or ossified fibrous and tendinous tissues which enclose organs. scleroˈtherapy, the treatment of varicosities by the injection of a substance which induces clotting.
1934Webster, *Scleroblastema. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xviii. 11/2 Each vertebra is laid down as a densely cellular mesenchymal precursor, the scleroblastema; this transforms into a cartilage model which is subsequently replaced by bone by the process of endochondral ossification.
1854A. Adams, etc. Man. Nat. Hist. 163 *Sclerobrachiate-Brachiopods (Sclerobrachiata).
1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 676 The fingers [may become] ‘clawed’ (*sclerodactyle, acroscleroderma).
1897Ibid. II. 74 Well-advanced cases [of leprosy] have frequently been confounded with..*sclerodactyly [etc.].
1932Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 3 Sept. 822/1 *Scleredema adultorum is characterized by progressive induration and swelling of the deeper portions of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Ibid. 825/1 Scleredema always involutes spontaneously without subsequent atrophy of the affected tissues. 1946New England Jrnl. Med. 15 Aug. 209/1 The appearance of a patient with scleredema is so striking as to suggest the diagnosis immediately. 1976Proc. R. Soc. Med. LXIX. 844/2 Sclerœdema is characterized by sudden onset of diffuse symmetrical hardening of the skin of the face, neck and upper arms.
1907Halliburton & Hopkins in Jrnl. Physiol. XXXV. p. xix, *Sclero-proteins. This new word takes the place of the word albuminoid... It includes such substances as gelatin and keratin; the prefix indicates the skeletal origin and often insoluble nature of its members. 1958Immunology I. 49 Some of the scleroproteins comprising the scale plate are antigenic, but are only slowly digested by homologous recipients. 1970R. M. Black Elements Palaeont. ii. 8 The matrix of bone consists mainly of collagen (a fibrous scleroprotein) hardened by mineral salts. 1977A. Hallam Planet Earth 241 More usually, however, only the most resistant and stable organic materials can survive long after death, as with the lignified tissues of fossil land plants and the scleroprotein skeleton of the extinct fossil graptolites.
1884Coues Key N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) 134 Certain bones developed apart from the systematic endo⁓skeleton, in fibrous tissue, are called *scleroskeletal.
1854Owen in Circ. Sci., Org. Nat. I. 163 Those [bones] developed in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses, [form] the ‘*sclero-skeleton’.
1944Amer. Jrnl. Surg. LXVI. 363 The advantages of *sclerotherapy are low morbidity, almost no mortality and no necessity for hospitalization... The disadvantage is the very high incidence of recurrence. 1977Lancet 25 June 1343/1 F. Bezzouni of Russia has an approach similar to that of most surgeons in Britain—injection sclerotherapy for small, below-knee varices and high ligation and stripping for gross main-stem incompetence.
2. As combining form of sclera (chiefly written with hyphen). ˌsclero-ˈcorneal a., pertaining to the sclerotic coat and the cornea. ˌsclero-iˈritis, inflammation of the sclerotic coat and the iris.
1876Clin. Soc. Trans. IX. 3 The plan I now adopt is to make a very small incision in the sclero-corneal junction.
3. Used (after Sclerotium, sclerotic a.2) to form the names of a number of chemical substances obtained from ergot, e.g. scleˈrerythrin, a red colouring matter; scleroˈmucin, a gummy nitrogenous substance.
1876Pharm. Jrnl. 17 June 1001/1 Scleromucin. Ibid. 1001/2 Sclererythrin. Scleroiodin. Ibid. 1002/1 Scleroxanthin. Sclerokrystallin. 1878F. H. Butler in Encycl. Brit. VIII. 521 [Ergot contains] minute quantities of sclererythrin, scleroiodin, with sclerokrystallin, scleroxanthin, and other substances. |