| 释义 |
scion|ˈsaɪən|
Forms: α. 4 si-, syoun, 5–6 syon, syun, 6–7 si-, syen, 6 sion, 7 seyon. β. 5 cyun, 6–9 cion, 7–8 ci-, cyen, cyon. γ. 6 scyence, 6–7 science, 6–7 siens, sient, 7 sience, cions, cyons, -ens, sciance, cyence, scient. δ. 4, 8–9 scyon, 5 scioun, 7 sci-, scyen, 5– scion.
[a. OF. cion, ciun, cyon, sion, mod.F. scion (Picard chion), of obscure origin.
The early forms in OF. are inconsistent with the commonly assumed derivation from scier to saw.]
1.
†a. gen. A shoot or twig; also, a sucker. Obs. exc. fig.
b. spec. A slip for grafting, a graft.
αc1305Land Cokayne 74 in E.E.P. (1862) 158 Þe siouns beþ al sedwale. c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 166 As a sioun mai not bere fruyt but if it stonde stable in þe vyne. 1388― Num. xiii. 24 Thei..kittiden doun a sioun with his grape, which twei men baren in a barre. c1440Promp. Parv. 457/2 Syvn, of a tree. 1483Cath. Angl. 341/2 A Syon or A twige. 1513Douglas æneis iii. i. 71 The thrid syon of treis [L. tertia hastilia]. 1590Greene Neuer too late Wks. (Grosart) VIII. 97 A crooked sien will proue a straight tree. 1615R. Brathwait Strappado (1878) 170 Seyons young tender plants Where the quire of woodbirds chants. 1642D. Rogers Naaman 843 The graffing of a sien into the stocke. 1693Evelyn De la Quint. Compl. Gard. Refl. Agric. 75 Young Siens growing out at the Roots.
βc1440Promp. Parv. 79/1 Cyvn' of a tre, surculus, vitulamen. 1572L. Mascall Plant. & Graff. (1592) 14 When trees shall be thus proined, they shall bring great Cions from their rootes, which shall be frank & good to replant. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. ii. 92 From Roots hard Hazles, and from Cyens rise Tall Ash. a1722Lisle Husb. 441 Cyons grafted upon suckers. 1796C. Marshall Gardening vii. (1813) 85 Proper stocks being ready, and cions or buds procured. 1802W. Forsyth Fruit Trees xxii. (1824) 304 The cion preserves its natural purity and intent, though it be fed and nourished by a mere crab.
γ1523Fitzherb. Husb. (1525) 46 The scyences growynge aboute the tree of the same. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. ii. (1586) 76 The yoong sciences plucked from the rootes of the trees will growe. 1597Gerarde Herbal i. xxv. 34 The roote..from the which there doth shoote foorth manie yoong sciences. 1600Surflet Country Farm iii. v. 431 The litle sciences of cherry trees growne thick with hairie roots..being remooued [etc.]. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus ii. 14 No more than a sient can bring forth fruit which is not set into a stocke. 1626Bacon Sylva §453 If you can get a Cions to grow vpon a Stocke of another kinde. 1657Austen Fruit Trees i. 48 Graft every Cyence into its own kind. 1688Holme Armoury ii. v. 87/1 Suckers,..sprouts: some call them Sciences.
δ1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. cxviii. (Tollem. MS.), Propago is a ȝonge spray of a vyne, þat spryngeþ of a scyon. c1440Pallad. on Husb. ii. 89 Lest the sciouns crokidly vp crepe. 1619T. Taylor Comm. Titus Ded., Not tied to it as scion to a tree. 1791E. Darwin Bot. Gard. i. 104 Emerging scion, or awaken'd seed. 1814Southey Roderick xix. 78 Ne'er shall it clothe its boughs Again, nor push again its scyons forth. 1849H. Miller Footpr. Creat. xii. (1874) 217 The species propagated itself by seed, bud, or scion. 1882Garden 25 Mar. 200/1 In making the scions only the well ripened portions of such shoots are used.
c. fig. and in fig. context.
1590Lodge Rosalynde (1592) A 4 b, Shewe your selues siens worthie of so florishing a tree. 1596Spenser F.Q. v. i. 1 Some of the vertuous race Rose up..That cropt the branches of the sient base. 1611Shakes. Wint. T. iv. iv. 93 You see (sweet Maid) we marry A gentler Sien, to the wildest Stocke. 1658Milton Lett. State Wks. 1851 VIII. 404 To prevent the extirpation of this most antient Scien of the purer Religion. 1684T. Hockin God's Decrees 161 To be really in Christ, is to be grafted into him with the Cyon of divine grace. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 45 Upon that body and stock of inheritance we have taken care not to inoculate any cyon alien to the nature of the original plant. 1818Busby Gram. Mus. 429 Imitation, a scion of which the Fugue is the parent-tree. 1821Lamb Elia i. Imperf. Sympathies, An humble and secular scion of that old stock of religious constancy.
2. An heir, a descendant.
1814Mrs. J. West Alicia de Lacy IV. 248 To guard the precious scion of a noble house. 1816Byron Dream ii, Herself the solitary scion left Of a time-honour'd race. 1817Malthus Popul. I. 135 Young scions are then pushed from the parent stock, and instructed..to gain happier seats for themselves by their swords. 1869Freeman Norm. Conq. III. 22 No son of a kingly father, no scion of legendary heroes. 1871Dixon Tower III. vi. 51 A scion of the imperial Hapsburg line. |