| 释义 |
schoolman|ˈskuːlmən|
[school n.1
Cf. G. schulmann, a man belonging to the scholastic profession.]
1. One of the succession of writers, from about the 9th to the 14th century, who treat of logic, metaphysics, and theology as taught in the ‘schools’ or universities of Italy, France, Germany, and England; a mediæval scholastic.
a1540Barnes Art. xvii. Wks. (1573) 213/1 Your owne scholemen say, the popes power is so greate, that no man can, nor may discusse it. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. ii. 76 Peter Lombard and the other scholemen. a1591H. Smith God's Arrow v. (1614) 87 Thomas Aquinas, a school⁓man of the Papists. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iv. xlvii. 383 The frivolous Distinctions, barbarous Terms, and obscure Language of the Schoolmen. 1690Locke 2nd Let. Toleration 38 And the Artisan must sell his Tools, to buy Fathers and School-men, and leave his Family to starve. 1751Hume Enq. Princ. Morals vi. 120 He would stand, like the Schoolman's Ass, irresolute and undetermin'd, betwixt equal Motives. 1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. xii. (1907) I. 170 The substantial forms and entelechies of Aristotle and the schoolmen. 1869Lecky Europ. Mor. I. i. 17 This opinion which was propounded by the schoolman Ockham.
2. One who is versed in the traditional learning of the ‘schools’, esp. (cf. sense 1) one who is expert in formal logic or school-divinity. ? Obs.
a1550Image Ipocr. 103 in Skelton's Wks. (1843) II. 434 It is no play..for lay men; But only for schole men For they be witty men. 1571Campion Hist. Irel. ii. ix. (1633) 115 Wonderfully courteous, a ripe Schooleman. 1590Nashe Pref. to Greene's Arcadia (1616) 2 Some deepe-read Schoole⁓men or Grammarians. 1622Bacon Hen. VII 202 The King had (though hee were no good Schooleman) the Honour to conuert one of them [sc. heretics] by Dispute at Canterburie. a1625Fletcher Women Pleas'd iv. i, To absolve this Riddle? Diviners, Dreamers, Schoolemen, deep Magitians, All have I tride, and all give severall meanings. a1631Donne Poems, The Will 30 To Schoole⁓men I bequeath my doubtfulnesse. 1690Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) II. 134 In the schools at Rome..it was held by the majority of the school men to be lawfull. 1732Pope Ess. Man ii. 81 Let subtle schoolmen teach these friends to fight, More studious to divide than to unite.
3. One engaged in scholastic pursuits; a professional teacher or student.
1712Steele Spect. No. 278 ⁋1 Of late she has got acquainted with a Schoolman, who values himself for his great Knowledge in the Greek Tongue. 1756W. Toldervy Hist. 2 Orphans IV. 110 These quotations are made use of..to deter certain schoolmen whom they have been concerned to see employing their hours in censuring, or rather abusing those literary personages. 1870Disraeli Lothair Pref. 15 These great matters fell into the hands of monks and school⁓men. 1884Congregational Year Bk. 80 The schoolman was greater than the warrior.
4. slang. A fellow-member of a ‘school’ or gang.
1834Ainsworth Rookwood iii. v. ‘Jerry Juniper's Chaunt’, The knucks in quod did my schoolmen play. |