| 释义 |
▪ I. brawl, n.1|brɔːl|
Also 5–7 brall(e, braul(e, brawle.
[f. brawl v.1]
1. A noisy turbulent quarrel, a ‘row’, a squabble.
c1460Towneley Myst. 190 (Mätz.) Thou has long had thi wille, and made many bralle. c1550Scot. Poems 16th C. II. 181 Mony leisings make mony braul. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. ii. 151 They folishly moue a brawle about the name of First begotten. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. iii. 86 Wheresoever any braule began, in London, it ended alwayes in the Old-Jury, with pillaging of the people therein. 1720Watts Hymn, Whatever brawls disturb the street, There should be peace at home. 1824W. Irving T. Trav. II. 242 Astounding the neighbourhood with midnight brawl and ruffian revelry. 1876Green Short Hist. vii. §7. 421 He perished at thirty in a shameful brawl.
†2. Noisy exclamation, clamour. Obs.
1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 1 b, I shall have..confuted the most foolish and spitefull braules of Osorius. Ibid. 68 Of opinion that your bare braules, shalbe receaved as infallible truthes. 1611Bible Ecclus. xxvii. 14 Their braules make one stop his eares.
▪ II. † brawl, n.2 Obs.
Also 5 browle.
[prob. f. brawl v.1, with which at least it was associated in use: but it may have been at first identical with ME. broll: see broll n.]
A brawler, a bravo, a bully.
(Some of the following quotations are quite uncertain.)
c1440York Myst. xxx. 6 What brawle þat with brawlyng me brewis. Ibid. xvi. 38 What browle þat is brawlyng his brayne loke ȝe brest. 1652Needham tr. Selden's Mare Cl. 5 Why not this Bag to mee then too, thou brawl. 1725Bailey Erasm. Colloq. 34 I'm his Swabber..his Book⁓keeper, his Brawl, his Errand boy. [Cf. broll n.]
▪ III. † brawl, n.3 Obs.
Also 6–7 brall(e, 6–8 braul(e.
[f. brawl v.2, or a. F. branle, f. branler, brandeler: cf. brangle.]
1. A particular pace or movement in dancing.
1521Copland Introd. Frenche 16 For to daunce ony bace daunce there behoueth .iiii. paces, that is to wite syngle, double: repryse, & braule. 1531Elyot Gov. (1580) 71 They [the motions] may be well resembled to the braule in daunsing.
2. A kind of French dance resembling a cotillon.
a1541Wyatt Poet. Wks. (1861) 182 And in this brawl as he stood entranced. 1549Compl. Scot. vi. 66 Dansand base dansis, pauans, galȝardis, turdions, braulis and branglis. 1580Sidney Arcad. 72 Holding hand in hand daunce as it were in a braule. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iii. i. 9 Will you win your loue with a French braule? 1611Cotgr., Bransle, a brawle or daunce, wherein many (men and women) holding by the hands sometimes in a ring, and otherwhiles at length moue altogether. 1711Budgell Spect. No. 67 ⁋2 The Lacedæmonians..made their Hormus (a Dance much resembling the French Brawl) famous. 1750Gray Let. in Poems (1775) 214 My grave Lord-Keeper led the brawls. 1840–2Barham Ingol. Leg., Aunt Fanny, At some court Fancy-Ball..you may Fancy King Charles, I say, stopping the brawl.
b. The air or music of this dance.
c1600Distracted Emp. iv. i. in Bullen O. Pl. (1884) III. 225, I had thought to have whysteld hym a braule for makinge me daunce attendance.
†c. fig. [Cf. F. mener, ouvrir le branle; Eng. ‘Lead, open the ball.’]
a1649Drummond Hist. Jas. III Wks. (1711) 43 The Kennedies..take the occasion..[to] change the brawl of state.
▪ IV. † brawl, n.4 Obs.
Also braul.
‘A blue and white striped cloth manufactured in India.’ Craig.
1725Lond. Gaz. No. 6388/2 The following Goods, viz... Allejaes, Brawls, Bombay Stuffs. 1788Clarkson Impol. Slave Tr. 104 Blue cloths, Brawles, Bejutapants, Callicoes.
▪ V. brawl, n.5
dial. var. of broll, Obs. brat.
▪ VI. brawl, v.1|brɔːl|
Also 5–6 brall(e, braul(e, braull.
[Late ME.; origin and primary sense uncertain: mod.Du. has brallen to brag, boast, mod.Ger. dial. brallen to shout, roar, both apparently recent, and of unknown origin. (Franck thinks the Du. prob. echoic, with influence of various other words.) ON. bralla ‘to trick, job’, does not suit the sense. F. brailler to shout, make a din, bawl, found in 14th c. (which Littré thinks a deriv. of braire to bray) approaches the sense, but could not phonetically be the source of the Eng. word. Mätzner separates brall to make a noise, and brawl to quarrel, but such a division does not appear tenable.]
1. intr. ‘To quarrel noisily and indecently’ (J.); to wrangle; to squabble. (In very early use and in Shakes. 1597 it was perhaps simply ‘to contend, strive, quarrel’.)
1375Barbour Bruce i. 573 That brwyss, that presumyt swa Aganys him to brawle or ryss. c1440Promp. Parv. 48/1 Brawlyn or strywen, litigo, jurgo. 1474Caxton Chesse 125 Gyue thou place to hym that brawleth or chideth. 1530Elyot Gov. i. xxii, Men do braule, whan betwene them is altercation in wordes. 1548Coverdale Erasm. Par. 1 Cor. i. 10 To fyght and braule with woordes, is agaynste honestie. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, i. iii. 70 His diuisions (as the Times do braul) Are in three Heads. 1609Bible (Douay) Gen. xxvi. 21 They brawled likewise, and he called the name of it, Enmitie. 1741–3Wesley Jrnl. (1749) 92 Expell'd the society..Three, for quarrelling and brawling. 1853Lynch Self-Improv. iv. 100 A gentleman will not brawl with everybody, nor indeed brawl with anybody.
†b. trans. To chide, scold, revile. Obs.
1474Caxton Chesse 36 Brawlyng and betyng hym as his seruaunt. 1483― G. de la Tour G v b, She that brawled and reproched her of her husbondes. a1529Skelton Why nat to Court 593 His servauntes menyal He doth revyle and brall. a1649Drummond of Hawthornden Idea Wks. (1711) 220 They will essay to brawl the present form of state and church-government.
2. intr. To raise a clamour, make a disturbance; in early use sometimes to brag or boast loudly. (to brawl in church technically includes any speaking other than as prescribed in the Prayer Book.)
1447–8J. Shillingford Lett. (1871) 23 He can.. braule, brayge, and brace, lye and swere well to. c1460Towneley Myst. 141 Begyn he to bralle, many men cache skorne. 1513Douglas æneis xii. viii. 84 Now brawland in this place, now voustand thar. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. clxiv. 203 And belles began to braule, wherby it myght well be knowen that ther was besynesse in hande. 1552Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI, iv. §1 If any Person..by Words only, quarrel, chide or brawl in any Church or Churchyard. 1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 16/2 They brall as cattes & doggs in an vnknown language. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, i. iii. 324, I do the wrong, and first begin to brawle. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. II. ii. v. v. 66 Patriotism..may brawl and babble yet a little while.
†b. refl. To boast oneself loudly. Obs.
a1400Morte Arth. 1349 Loo! how he brawles hyme for hys bryghte wedes.
c. trans. To utter clamorously.
1563Mirr. Mag., Rivers x, No matter what they brall. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. i. 71 What are you brauling here? 1832Tennyson Pal. Art 210, I care not what the sects may brawl.
3. intr. Of a stream: To make a noise of conflict in its rapid course over stones, etc.
1600Shakes. A.Y.L. ii. i. 32 The brooke that brawles along this wood. 1809W. Irving Knickerb. ii. iv. (1849) 109 The late dimpling current began to brawl around them. 1814Scott Ld. of Isles iii. xii, A wild stream..Came brawling down its bed of rock. 1869Spurgeon J. Ploughm. Talk 43 Shallowest brooks brawl the most.
4. with compl. (trans.) To drive or force down, out, etc., by brawling.
1595Shakes. John ii. i. 383 Till their soule-fearing clamours haue braul'd downe The flintie ribbes of this contemptuous Citie. 1726De Foe Hist. Devil i. iv. (1840) 57 Juno was within an ace of brawling him out of heaven. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. I. i. v. vii. 155 So must Paris..brawl itself finally into a kind of sleep.
▪ VII. † brawl, v.2 Obs.
Also braul.
[Possibly ad. F. branle-r to move from side to side: cf. vamure, vaward for avantmur, van-ward.]
intr. To move to and fro, vibrate, waver, quiver.
1375Barbour Bruce xii. 131 Quhen he hys fayis saw braw⁓land sua, In hy upon thaim gan he ga. c1450Merlin xiv. 206 The dragon hadde a wide throte that the tounge seemed braulinge euer. |