| 释义 |
scavel dial.|ˈskævəl|
Also 5, 7 scavell, 6–7 skavell, 6 skavel, 7 ? skeval, 9 skafell, skaffel, scaffle.
[? f. ON. skafa to scrape, shave v.]
A small spade (see quot. 1823).
c1440Jacob's Well xxvii. 178 Now schal I telle ȝou, how ȝe schal caste out þe hard wose of ȝoure synne..wyth a scauel of confessioun. Ibid. 179 A scauel, in þe heued beforn, hath a scho of yren, scharp & myȝti, & an heued, hole & narow, & a long stele, an handyll. 1559in Boys Sandwich (1792) 737 One workeman with a spade or skavell may digg in one howre C. foote. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 38 With skuppat and skauel, that marsh men alow. c1613Spelman Relat. Virginea 47 They digg many holes which before the English brought them scauels and spades they used to make with a crooked peece of woode. 1823Moor Suffolk Wds. 352 Skaffel, a small spade or skuppet used in draining... It differs from a spade in not tapering toward the edge, and in having its sides slightly turned up.
b. attrib., as scavel work; scavel-man, spitter (see quots.).
1581in C. Welch Tower Bridge (1894) 103 [A number of] showtmen, now called *scavelmen. 1584Faversham Parish Reg. (MS.), John Price a scauelman or dicker. 1587Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 1544/2 A great manie marshmen were assigned to laie the fleech vpon the sides of the wals, and were called scauelmen. 1803Naval Chron. XV. 58 The scavelmen are a description of labourers..who attend to clean and pump the docks, and in general assist the ship⁓wrights.
1750T. R. Blanckley Nav. Expositor, *Scavel Spitters, are a small Spade, only shod half way, and are used for digging Clay.
1642Burghmote Book B, Canterb. (MS.), Which persons are appointed for the *Scavell work and are disired to digge Turf and earth for the fortification. |