| 释义 |
▪ I. scaly, a.|ˈskeɪlɪ|
Also 6–7 skaly, 6–7, 9 scalie, 7 scaily, Sc. skailly, 7–9 scaley.
[f. scale n.2 + -y.]
1. Abounding in, covered with, or consisting of scales; having a surface that peels off in thin plates or layers.
1538Elyot Dict., Squammosus, skaly. 1594Plat Jewellho, iii. 74 If your teeth be verie scalie, let som expert Barber first take off the scales. 1615Crooke Body of Man 442 The scalie Sutures of the Temple-bones. 1682Wheler Journ. to Greece i. 14 The surface..is covered with a scaly rock. 1793Gentl. Mag. May 422/1 An altar-tomb, or altar, of scaly stone. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. iii. 82 A scaly, sweetish, gummy mass. 1892E. Lawless Grania ii. 7 The wind..tearing off fragments of scaly stone from the rocks.
2. a. Of fishes, serpents, and other animals; freq. in poetry = pertaining to or consisting of fish (scaly flock, herd, nation, tribe).
1528Paynell Salerne's Regim. O ij b, The more skaly that fishe is, the better hit is. 1595Spenser Epithal. 57 The silver scaly trouts. c1614Sir W. Mure Dido & æneas iii. 127 The skailly squadrones of the liquid lakes. 1629Milton Hymn Nativ. xviii, The scaly Horrour of his foulded tail. 1666Dryden Ann. Mirab. xv, So hear the scaly herd when Proteus blows. 1704Pope Windsor For. 139 The patient fisher takes his silent stand,..With looks unmov'd, he hopes the scaly breed. 1741Compl. Fam.-Piece i. ii. 108 Season the Scaley Side first. 1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. I. 450 The body of these fishes is scaly. 1857J. Hamilton Less. from Gt. Biogr. (1859) 278 His own line quivered with a scaly captive. 1872Baker Nile Trib. viii. 115 A strip of the scaly hide of a crocodile.
b. In specific names, usu. repr. L. squamosus, squamatus, or squameus: see quots. scaly ant-eater, scaly lizard, names for the pangolins.
1681Grew Musæum i. iii. 46 The Scaly-Lizard..is a yard and ½ long. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1862) I. vi. iii. 468 The Pangolin, which has been usually called the scaly lizard. 1802Shaw Gen. Zool. III. 74 Scaly Tortoise. Testudo Squamata. 1812Ibid. VIII. 463 Scaly Lory. Psittacus squameus. 1840Penny Cycl. XVII. 186/1 Pangolins, a name in common use to designate the Scaly Ant-eaters. 1872Coues Key N. Amer. Birds 227 Genus Scardafella Bonaparte. Scaly Dove.
c. scaly fish (slang): see quot.
1796Grose Dict. Vulgar T. (ed. 3), Scaly Fish, an honest, rough, blunt sailor.
3. a. Of plants and their parts: Covered with scales or consisting of scale-like elements.
1597Gerarde Herbal ii. ccxxxviii. 588 Small scaly knops, like to the knops of Corne flower. 1688Holme Armoury ii. 80/2 The Arbor Vitæ, or Tree of Life hath a small scaly leaf. 1786Abercrombie Gard. Assist. 242 The main bulbs of lilies, of the scaly tribe, will not keep good so long out of the ground as the solid bulbous kinds. 1839Lindley Introd. Bot. iii. (ed. 3) 470 Scaly.., covered with minute scales, fixed by one end; as the young shoots of the Pine tribe. 1857A. Gray First Less. Bot. (1866) 46 When the scales are narrow and separate, as in the Lily, the bulb is said to be scaly. 1884Bower & Scott De Bary's Phaner. 622 Rhizomes with scaly leaves.
b. scaly fern or scaly spleenwort, the ceterach. scaly water-moss, Fontinalis squamosa.
1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 789 Scaly Water-moss. 1859Miss Pratt Brit. Grasses 224 Common Ceterach, or Scaly Spleenwort.
4. a. Of skin diseases. scaly ringworm, tinea imbricata. scaly tetter, psoriasis.
1575Turberv. Venerie lxxix. (1908) 228 The skaly Mange, which..taketh off the skinne where it goeth. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 112 Those who make a free use of it,..have a scaly appearance, not unlike the leprosy. 1799Med. Jrnl. II. 112 Scaly Tetter. 1826S. Cooper First Lines Surg. (ed. 5) 194 In the majority of cancerous diseases, the skin has a yellowish or lead-coloured tinge, and is dry and scaly. 1898P. Manson Trop. Dis. Introd. p. xiii, Tropical scaly ringworm.
b. transf. Of trees: Infested with the scale insect.
1894Times 14 May 3/4 This [wash] is strained before being sprayed upon the scaly trees.
5. Of armour. Cf. scale-armour s.v. scale n.2 and scaled. Chiefly poet.
1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, i. i. 146 A scalie Gauntlet now, with ioints of Steele, Must gloue this hand. 1747Gray Cat 16 Their scaly armour's Tyrian hue. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xviii. II. 120 His cuirassiers..glittering with their scaly armour. 1791Cowper Iliad xv. 641 His corslet thick With plates of scaly brass.
6. Min. (See quots.)
1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) II. 339 Brown Scaly Iron Ore. 1815Aikin Man. Min. (ed. 2) 200 Scaly Talc,..an aggregate of minute scales of a greenish colour. Ibid. 202 Scaly Chlorite,..composed of glimmering scaly particles. 1816R. Jameson Min. (ed. 2) III. 243 Red Ironstone. This species is divided into four subspecies, viz. Scaly Red Ironore [etc.].
7. slang. Poor, shabby, despicable; esp. (of persons) mean, stingy; occas., in poor health, ‘seedy’.
1793Southey Lett. (1856) I. 19 Poor Anax! he was quite scaly before his departure, but is now recovering apace. 1821Egan Life in London ii. iii. (Farmer), If you are too scaly to tip for it, I'll shell out, and shame you. 1823Spirit Publ. Jrnls. 233 They had proved themselves so very scaley, by forgetting to remember the waiter. 1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. xxviii, A reg'lar scaly old shop, warn't it? 1875Besant & Rice Harp & Cr. I. x. 206 If I were an author—they are a scaly lot, and thank Heaven I am not one.
8. Comb., chiefly parasynthetic. scaly-bark (hickory), the shagbark hickory, Carya ovata, or its edible nuts; cf. hickory 1; scaly-tail = scale-tail s.v. scale n.1 12; so scaly-tailed a.
1634Milton Comus (Facsimile MS. 1899, 13), The scalie-harnest dragon. c1711Petiver Gazophyl. vii. 64 Scaly-like Fruit. 1775J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 360 Filberts..are as sweet and thin-shelled, as the scaly bark hiccory-nuts. 1781Latham Gen. Syn. Birds I. 246 Scaly-breasted Parrakeet. 1785T. Jefferson Notes on Virginia vi. 63 Scaly bark hiccory. 1803Shaw Gen. Zool. IV. 400 Scaly-tailed scarus. 1814F. Pursh Flora Amer. II. 637 This useful tree is known by the name of..Scaly-bark Hickory, on account of its bark, which is torn in loose fragments. 1816R. Jameson Char. Min. (ed. 2) 237 Scaly foliated, when the folia cover each other only partially. 1836Penny Cycl. VI. 332/1 Carya alba, white-shell-bark, shag-bark, scaly-bark hickory (Juglans squamosa, Michaux). 1852Mayne Reid Desert Home 198 The tree is known among backwoodsmen as the ‘scaly bark’. 1859Miss Pratt Brit. Grasses 21 Scaly-stalked Club-rush. 1893Advance (Chicago) 23 Mar., A pretty young woman rings your bell to ask, ‘You all buy some scaly-barks?’ 1906‘O. Henry’ Rolling Stones (1912) 8, I saw..a little flaxen-haired man with a face like a scaly-bark hickory-nut. 1921Brit. Mus. Return 97 in Parl. Papers XXVII. 651 A West African Scaly-tail (Anomalurus erythronotus), and an Ituri Scaly-tail (Anomalurus pusillus). 1964L. S. Crandall Management of Wild Mammals in Captivity 229 The life-histories of the scaly-tails are not well known. 1962M. Burton Syst. Dict. Mammals of World 121 Scaly-tailed Flying Squirrels..not related to true squirrels. 1964E. P. Walker et al. Mammals of World II. 750/2 Scaly-tailed squirrels den in hollow trees. 1975P. W. Hanney Rodents ii. 30 There are no flying squirrels in Africa, but in the west of the continent their niche is filled by..the Anomaluridae or scaly-tailed squirrels.
▪ II. scaly, n. S. Afr.|ˈskeɪlɪ|
Also scaley.
[f. the adj.]
A large yellow-fish, Barbus natalensis, of the family Cyprinidæ, found in certain rivers in Natal.
1947K. H. Barnard Pict. Guide S. Afr. Fishes 56 The well-known Scaley..of Natal is a near relative of the Yellow-fish. 1971Rand Daily Mail (Johannesburg) 27 Mar. 23/3 An interesting observation last week was the presence of shoals of scalies in the Bushmans river. 1975Stand. Encycl. S. Afr. XI. 563/1 The Natal scaly..reaches 5 kg and is restricted to the Pongola system and the rivers of Natal. |