| 释义 |
† puraˈlé, ˈpuralee Old Law.
Forms: 3–4 purale, pouralee, 4 puralee, puraley, porale, 5 Sc. pureale, (Hist. 6–7 pur-, 6–8 pourallee, 7 purallie).
[AF. purale(e (latinized puralea) = OF. por-, puralee a going through, f. OF. por-, pur-, pouraler to go through, traverse, f. por-, pur-:—L. prō-, forth; here interchanging with par-(:—L. per-) in OF. paraler to go through. Taken as AF. and ME. equivalent of L. perambulātio, perambulation, sense 3. (See also pourallee.)]
1. A perambulation made to determine the boundaries of a county, manor, parish, or district; esp. one made to ascertain the boundaries of a royal forest and to disafforest lands encroached upon by the crown.
[1201–2Rotulus Cancell. ann. 3 Johan. (1833) 49 Willelmus Ruff' reddit compotum de c.s. ne fieret puralea bosci de Waleshale. 1292Britton ii. xvii. §9 Et en mesme la manere soit fete puralee pur contek des parties. [transl. In the same manner perambulation shall be made in case of a difference between the parties. Cf. Bracton III. 402 Item cadit assisa in perambulationem propter incertitudinem, de consensu partium prædicto modo.] 1305Anc. Petit. 13200 in Mem. de Parl. (Rolls) 9 La ou la purale fut fete par comaundement nostre seigneur le Roy en Ingelwode. 1305Ordinacio Foreste 33 Edw. I, En droit de ceux qui terres & tenemenz sount deaforestez par la dite puralee, & qui demaundent davoir commun denz les boundes des forestes. 1323–4Tower Roll (Manwood L. Forest xx. 134 b,), Ici comence le proces de la puraley de Winsor, fait en le Countie de Surrey. c1330Ann. London, an. 1306 in Chron. Edw. I & II (Rolls) I. 146 Super absolutione iuramenti domini regis Angliæ de foresta, quæ vulgariter et Anglice dicebatur porale. Ibid. an. 1310, ib. I. 175 Richerus de Reffham eligitur in maiorem... Fecit etiam cum suis aldermannis la purale in civitate. ]
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 307 Þe erle for þam alle with luf bisouht þe kyng [Edw. I.]..Withoute any delay do mak þe purale Be a certeyn day, Sir, þat pray we þe. Ibid., He suore on his fayth..To mak þe purale, it suld not be delaied, With suilk men suld it be, þat þei suld hald þam paied. Ibid. 309 First þe nemnid alle þo, þe purale suld make, Þat þorgh þe reame suld go, þe boundes forto stake. Ibid. 314, & for þe purale, set with certeyn bounde, Þorgh þe lond suld be delaied no lengere stounde. 14..Ass. William (an. 1184) in Acts Parlt. Scot. (1844) I. 379 Sua þat fra þin furth wyth breyff of pureale na wyth nayn oþir breyff he may tyn oþir al or part of þe sayd land bot gif it war throu a breyff of rycht. a1634Coke Instit. iv. lxxiii. Courts Forest (1797) 304 Some Letters Patents of the perambulations or purallies of forests made by king E. 3..which we have seen.
2. From the middle of the 14th c., sometimes applied (in Law French) to the piece or tract of land between the wider bounds of a forest and the restricted bounds as fixed by perambulation, and thus passing into the sense of purlieu, q.v.
The exact history of this transfer of sense is not evidenced; it was prob. at first an incorrect popular use of the term; but it appears to have been already established before 1344 (when the L. perambulatio appears in the same sense), and thus within ten years of the date at which Robert of Brunne used puralé in the original sense. English examples have not yet been found before 1482, when the word evidently appears as purlieu; but purallee, pourallee, was used by Manwood and by other legal writers as identical with purlieu, and the form purley has come down from the 16th c. to modern times in the comb. purleyman as variant and spoken form of purlieu-man, q.v.
1344Inqt. conc. Whittlewood Forest (For. Proc. Tr. of Rec., No. 281, skin 7), Et quod R. le B. de S. est communis malefactor de uenacione domini regis effugans feras a foresta in perambulacionem, et sic effugatis feris facit stabilias inter forestam et perambulacionem. 1370Cartulary of Eynsham (O.H.S.) II. 107 Quod quidam Thomas de Langeley..fecit quandam perambulacionem citra forestam de Wychewode, elargando bundas predictas: et..quod predictus hamelettus [Haneberghe] est infra les pural[ees] eiusdem foreste. 1372Rolls of Parlt. II. 313/1 (46 Edw. III) Sur qoi supplie la dite Commune..qe gentz de pays purront chaser le Purale sanz reez ou stableye faire, sanz estre attache, endite, ou empesche par Forester ou autre Ministre. 1377Ibid. 368/1 (51 Edw. III), Item supplient..qe nul homme soit empeche ne greve en temps a vener, par cause q'il ad chace ou chacera dedeinz le Poralee, ou aillours hors de le bounde du Forest. 1378Ibid. III. 43/2 (2 Rich. II), Item supplient les Communes, q'ils puissent avoir lour Porales come y soloit avant ces heures, selonc le purport del Grande Chartre..; & qe Perambulation ent soit faite, com il fuist en temps du Roy Henry.
1598J. Manwood Lawes of Forest: (title-p.) A Treatise declaring what Purallee is. Ibid. xx. §1. 127 Purlieu, or Pourallee, is a certain Territorie of ground adioining vnto the Forest..which Territorie of ground was also once Forrest, and afterwards disafforrested againe by the perambulations made for the seuering of the new Forrestes from the old. 1726C. Kirkham (title) Two Letters to a Friend, the First Shewing and Demonstrating by Law the Rights and Privileges of Pourallees or Free-Hey. [1909: see purlieu-man.] |