| 释义 |
▪ I. pup, n.1|pʌp|
Also 8 pupp.
[Shortened form of puppy n. Cf. pup v.1
(Hence, pup, puppy are not parallel to babe, baby, Tom, Tommy, in which the form in -y is later and diminutive.)]
1. A young dog, a whelp, a young puppy. in pup, with pup: (of a bitch) pregnant.
1773Gentl. Mag. XLIII. 219 A Pupp with two mouths and one head. 1820J. H. Reynolds Fancy (1906) 35 Farewell to bull, and stake, and pup. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxii. 66 A fine, promising pup, with four white paws. 1854E. Mayhew Dogs (1862) 195 To discover whether a bitch is in pup. 1873E. A. Freeman Let. 21 Dec. in Stephens Life (1895) II. vii. 78 We have also a big Newfoundland pup growing up.
2. fig. and transf.
a. Applied contemptuously to a person.
In quot. app. with some allusion to liripoop 2 (see also lurry and poop n.2).
1589R. Harvey Pl. Perc. (1590) 16 Why haue you not taught some of those Puppes their lerrie? 1856Porter's Spirit of Times 15 Nov. 172/3 There were three pups..a parcel of supercilious fellows, who, with a piece of glass stuck in their eye, survey the crowd as if contamination dwelt amongst them. 1870J. K. Medbery Men & Myst. Wall St. 31 Down in the cock-pit the Commodore's ‘pups’, as the merciless, cacophonic ‘street’ argot denominates the broker friends of Vanderbilt, are making an ineffective rally.
b. A youthful or inexperienced person, a beginner; a young ‘blood’. colloq. (chiefly U.S.).
1890Punch 7 June 270/2 You ride very nicely indeed for a ‘pup’. 1903G. H. Lorimer Lett. Self-Made Merchant ix. 118 Chauncey's father was the whole village, barring the railroad station and the saloon, and, of course, Chauncey thought that he was something of a pup himself. 1903A. H. Lewis Boss vi. 48 ‘Here's a pup,’ cried Big Kennedy, with his hand on my shoulder, ‘I want you to look over.’ 1938Amer. Speech XIII. 228/1 The youngest intern..may be assigned to routine laboratory tests and called a pup or junior. 1948F. Blake Johnny Christmas ii. 70 A fresh pup breezin' in, cool as you please, and takin' over Bent's? 1977Transatlantic Rev. lx. 36, I can remember my Daddy brought me down once when I was a young pup.
c. Also, Sopwith Pup. A familiar name for the Sopwith Scout Tractor, a small, fast, aeroplane used for combative and instructional purposes in the war of 1914–18.
1917Jane's All World's Aircraft 103 b Sopwith Scout Tractor. Known as the ‘Pup’, and one of the fastest machines in the world... The ‘Sopwith Pup’ on active service has passed the 25,000 feet level with a Naval pilot. a1918J. T. B. McCudden Five Years in R. Flying Corps (1919) 181, I had taken charge of another machine for fighting instruction, this time a Sopwith Scout, vulgarly termed a ‘Pup’. 1918H. G. Wells Joan & Peter xiii. 613 They [sc. air force officers] made a language for themselves an atrocious slang of facetious misnomers,..the machines were ‘'buses’ and ‘camels’ and ‘pups’. 1928C. F. S. Gamble Story of North Sea Air Station xiii. 211 A single-seater machine, the Pup, which was also a product of the Sopwith Aviation Company, passed into the Service during this year [sc. 1916]. 1977J. Cleary High Road i. 20 Pups, Camels.. even some Spads and Nieuports. Ibid. 21 What use was a Sopwith Pup to a couple intent on adding to the postwar baby boom?
d. A four-wheeled trailer drawn by a tractor, lorry, or other road vehicle. U.S. slang.
1951Amer. Speech XXVI. 308/2 Pup, a narrow four-wheel trailer. They can be ‘buttoned up’ in tandem and will follow the tractor, just as puppies will follow their mother. 1960Newsweek 20 June 91/1 Compact, 1½-ton ‘pup’ semi-trailers are hitched behind regularly scheduled intercity passenger buses. 1978Detroit Free Press 14 Apr. 16d/2 On two of three trials earlier, without the modifications, the second tanker or ‘pup’ of the same truck bounced the wheels of its safety guard sharply against the ground.
3. Applied to the young of the fur seal. Also, the young of the sea lion or of rats or mice.
1815Sydney Gaz. 22 Apr. 1/1 The pups or young seal were also indiscriminately slaughtered. 1824A. Earle Jrnl. Residence Tristan d'Acunha 30 Aug. in Narr. Residence N.Z. (1832) 354 We started off early for Elephant Bay to procure the skin of a [seal] pup, in order to convert it into caps... The pups were nearly all black. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Pup,..a young seal. 1886F. H. H. Guillemard Cruise Marchesa I. 196 The lamb-like bleat of a pup is audible above the rest. 1895Outing (U.S.) XXVII. 23/2 An inexperienced hunter..started out to kill his first seal and in some way managed to steal a hood pup, without alarming its parents. 1937Discovery May 140/2 Sea lions..resort to the island [sc. Lady Julia Percy Island] to breed, to raise their pups. 1944E. C. Wood in A. N. Worden UFAW Handbk. Care & Managem. Lab. Animals (1947) vi. 122 The individual pups [sc. young rats] are of low birth-weight. 1952L. H. Matthews Brit. Mammals ix. 266 The milk teeth of seal pups are shed or absorbed at a very early age. 1972Nature 3 Nov. 21/2 The rats were under close observation... Mortality among offspring was very low..only 1 dead pup out of 138 born. 1975Storktalk (Ches. & N. Wales Branch of Nat. Childbirth Trust) Nov. 16 The female mouse lost 54% more pups than did control mice giving birth in the normal settings for mice. 1979Guardian 14 Sept. 4/4 After failing to persuade the Canadian government to stop the killing of Harp seal pups in Newfoundland, the RSPCA is to campaign for a ban on the importation of Harp seal products.
4. (See quots.)
1898W. B. Haskell Two Years in Klondike 253 Every creek has its pups, and if any of them become of considerable importance they may have pups also. 1902Pop. Science Monthly July 232 The principal streams [in the Klondike region] are known as creeks; the short steep tributaries which flow into them as ‘gulches’; and the streamlets which feed these as ‘pups’. 1904Eliz. Robins Magn. North xvi. 285 ‘That's the pup where my claim is’. ‘The what?’ ‘Little creek; call 'em pups here [on the Yukon in Alaska]’. Ibid. xvii. 297 Above the pup, on the right, there's a bed of gravel. 1916Yukon Territory (Canada Dept. Interior) I. iii. 27 On Hunker creek, below the mouth of Seventy Pup, practically all the gold occurred in a shattered porphyry bedrock. 1973P. Berton Drifting Home v. 69 The little pup creeks gurgling down through the thick forests.
5. Phrases.
a. to sell (any one) a pup, to swindle by selling something on its prospective value. Now usu. fig. and freq. pass., e.g. he was sold a pup. Hence, to buy a pup.
1901Daily Chron. 4 May 5/2 There is a poetical phrase in our language, ‘to sell a man a pup’. 1902Westm. Gaz. 24 Nov. 6/2 The consensus of military opinion is..that Colonel Swayne's disaster was due to the native levies ‘selling him a pup’. 1902Kipling in Collier's Weekly 6 Dec. 8/3, I wouldn't have sold old Van Zyl a pup like that..I must hunt him up and explain. 1927W. Deeping Kitty viii. 99 He was not the sort of man to advise a brother officer to buy a pup. 1930W. S. Maugham Cakes & Ale xiv. 165 The public has been sold a pup too often to take unnecessary chances. 1968Scottish Daily Mail 9 Aug. 5/6 The Basset is the aircraft the RAF did not want in the first place. They were sold a pup, in more ways than one. 1978A. Ryan in Hookway & Pettit Action & Interpretation 75 They may insist that..we worry incessantly about what price our virtues will fetch, and about whether we shall be sold a pup by others. 1978SLR Camera Aug. 36/1 Letters have arrived on my desk from petrified owners..wanting to know more, terrified that they had bought a pup.
b. the night's (only) a pup, the night is ‘young’ or not far advanced; ‘it is still early’. Also, occas., the day's (only) a pup. Austral. colloq.
1915H. Lawson Coll. Prose (1972) I. 913 The night was not even a pup yet—it was broad daylight, being Northern summer. 1921K. S. Prichard Black Opal xii. 104 You're not taking her away yet, Michael? The night's a pup! 1928‘Brent of Bin Bin’ Up Country x. 167 The night is only a pup yet. 1934T. Wood Cobbers xi. 138 ‘What's the worry?’ they say; ‘the day's a pup.’ 1947K. Tennant Lost Haven i. 28 ‘A man's got to get a bit of sleep.’ ‘Night's only a pup, hen,’ Alec suggested, mildly. 1949L. Glassop Lucky Palmer viii. 73 We'll get him in. The day's only a pup yet. 1968G. Dutton Andy xii. 198 ‘Are you thinking of driving out to Hangingstone to-night?’ ‘It's only forty miles and the night is a pup.’
6. Comb., as pup-breeder; pup-trained adj.; pupfish, a small killifish belonging to the genus Cyprinodon, esp. C. macularius, found in fresh or saline water in desert regions of California and Nevada; pup joint Oil Industry, a piece of drill pipe of less than the standard length; pup-tent orig. U.S. Mil., a small tent or bivouac, a dog-tent; a shelter-tent, spec. one comprising two shelter-halves carried separately (see shelter n. 3).
1905Theodora Wilson (title) Our Joshua,..Octogenarian, Celebrity, and *Pup-Breeder, According to me, his Wife.
1958Copeia 232/1 Ten live *pupfish were captured with a fine-mesh seine. 1973Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 1 Apr. 9/8 The Owens pupfish survived for eons in a changing environment—from a vast inland lake to a string of shallow desert pools. 1976P. B. Moyle Inland Fishes California 251 Even the isolated and harmless pupfishes are being threatened by man's activities.
1937Amer. Speech XII. 153/2 *Pup-joints, short joint used to ‘nipple out’. 1972L. M. Harris Introd. Deepwater Floating Drilling Operations xii. 139 Adequate pup joints are necessary for final space out. Where 40-ft riser joints are selected, one pup joint each of 20-ft, 10-ft and 5-ft are needed.
1863in Ohio Archaeol. & Hist. Q. (1929) XXXVIII. 651 About 10 a.m. we..pitched our *pup-tents. 1917Collier's Mag. 21 Apr. 13 When a halt is reached, each pair of men set up their tent poles, stretch the line as a ridge, tie their canvas sheets together, and peg them down as a cover. The result is familiarly called a ‘pup’ tent. 1929T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Spring & Summer 373/3 ‘Pup-Tent’ For Boys... Just the thing you need during your holidays... Fitted with two uprights, guy ropes and pegs. 1953K. Tennant Joyful Condemned xiv. 123 They had equipped themselves for the camping holiday..: a pup-tent, blankets, a frying⁓pan. 1977C. McFadden Serial xxv. 56/1 Carol can't pick up any signals if you're a coupla boy scouts in a pup tent.
1928Kipling in London Mag. Dec. 693/2 The janitor's kitten had not been *pup-trained and leaped on the table, to make sure.
▪ II. pup, n.2 College slang.
Abbreviation of pupil, humorously associated with pup n.1 Cf. cub n.1 3.
1871‘M. Legrand’ Cambr. Freshm. 343 He rushed off exultant to his Coach, whom he discovered surrounded by ‘pups’.
▪ III. pup, v.1
[Shortened f. puppy v.]
trans. and intr. To bring forth pups, to litter. Hence ˈpupping vbl. n., also attrib.
1725Bradley's Fam. Dict. s.v. Dog, If they are all over white; that is, pupp'd without any Spot upon them. 1787Hunter in Phil. Trans. LXXVII. 260 She pupped on the 24th of February 1787, and had six puppies. 1845Youatt Dog xiii, The pupping usually takes place from the sixty-second to the sixty-fourth day. 1877F. Whymper Sea I. ii. 40 The seals were landing in the coast, it being the pupping season.
Add:b. transf. and fig.
1890Dialect Notes I. 75 Pup, to calve (used seriously). ‘So-and-so's cow has pupped’. 1941Wine & Food Summer 54 Wine has kept the same name since it was first pupped. a1966‘M. na Gopaleen’ Best of Myles (1968) 319 The daddy of every other Man ever pupped by scholarly dirt-shovellers. 1987Washington Post 18 Oct. g2/1 These [plants] have also pupped and a number of them live in 6-inch pots.
▪ IV. pup, int. and v.2|pʌp|
[Cf. pup pup in med.L., 8–9th c. (Du Cange).]
Imitation of an inarticulate sound made with the lips; in quot. 1560 as a verb: = pooh, pooh-pooh.
1560Neville Let. to Throgmorton in Froude Hist. Eng. (1863) VII. iv. 294 The queen would pup with her lips: she would not marry a subject. 1599Massinger, etc. Old Law iii. ii, Eugenia. 'Slight! an you laugh too loud, we are all discovered. Simonides. Nay, an I should be hanged, I cannot leave it. Pup! there 'tis. (Bursts into a laugh.)
▪ V. pup
obs. f. poop n.1; dial. f. poop v.1 |