| 释义 |
▪ I. booth, n.|buːð|
Forms: 2–5 boþe, 3–6 bothe, 6–7 boothe, 6– booth. Also north. 5–6 buth(e, 6 bouthe, bowthe, Sc. boithe, 6– Sc. buith.
[ME. bōþe, bōthe, prob. a. ODa. *bóð (mod.Da. and Sw. bod booth, stall, shop = OIcel. búð fem. dwelling, f. East Norse bóa = Icel. búa to dwell. Cf. MHG. buode ‘hut, tent’, mod.G. bude ‘booth, stall’: perh. also from East Norse. Some think the Teutonic word to be adopted from Slavonic: cf. Boh. bouda, Pol. buda, which are at least cognate.]
1. a. A temporary dwelling covered with boughs of trees or other slight materials. arch. in gen. sense.
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 185 Ðar haueð elch patriarche, and prophete, and apostles..maked faier bode [for boðe] inne to wunien. c1325E.E. Allit. P. C. 441 He bowed vnder his lyttel boþe. a1536Tindale Brief Declar. Sacr. Wks. 1848 I. 376 He had made booths, or houses of boughs for his beasts. 1580Baret Alv. B 930 A Boothe or place couered where men sitte to talke for recreation. 1655H. Vaughan Silex Scint. ii. 179 Every bush is something's booth. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 40 At the North end they led into Booths, and Summer-houses. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 178 We cut down branches of trees, and built us two large booths. 1871MacDuff Mem. Patmos xiii. 174 Temporary booths, made of intertwisted palm, olive..and willows from the brook.
b. esp. A temporary structure covered with canvas, or the like; a tent. Now chiefly as in 2.
1535Coverdale 2 Kings vii. 10 We came to the tentes of the Sirians, and beholde, there is no man there..but..the bothes as they stonde. 1674Scheffer's Lapland xiv. 71 That certain boothes and sheds be provided. 1762Goldsm. Nash 30 Obliged to assemble in a booth to drink tea and chocolate. 1775R. Chandler Trav. Asia M. (1825) I. 137 A wild country covered..with the black booths of the Turcomans. 1838Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1871) I. 109.
c. polling-booth: a temporary structure for voting purposes at a parliamentary or other election.
1846McCulloch Acc. Brit. Empire 1854 II. 111 The booths are erected at the joint expense of the candidates..the cost of a booth erected for a county election shall not exceed 45l.
2. spec.
a. A covered stall at a market; a tent at a fair, or the like, for the sale of wares or refreshments, exhibition of the feats of jugglers, etc. See also toll-booth.
c1200Ormin 15573 Ne birrþ ȝuw nohht min Faderr hus Till chepinngboþe turrnenn. c1300K. Alis. 3457 They..brenten townes, and bothes. c1440Promp. Parv. 46 Boþe, chapmannys schoppe. 1483Cath. Angl. 49 A Buthe, emptorium. 1535Lyndesay Satyre 1015 Ane laidlie lurdan loun, Cumde to break buithis. 1580Baret Alv. B 1038 A bouthe or tente that any occupier maketh in a faire or other places. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 271 A denne of Theeves ? a Bowthe of brothells? c1610Sir J. Melville Mem. (1735) 227 Unruly Servants broke up the Merchants' Booths. 1723De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 13 To pay at going into a booth to see a show. 1808Jamieson s.v., The Luckenbooths of Edinburgh, wooden shops [which formerly stood in the High Street]. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 350 The booths where goods were exposed to sale projected far into the streets.
b. = telephone booth.
1930Bell System Techn. Jrnl. IX. i. 12 A form of booth furnished by the telephone companies, provided with a seat and with lighting. 1952A. Baron With Hope, Farewell 95 He stood in the booth, fumbling with his notebook to find the telephone number.
3. Comb., as booth-cloth, booth-keeper, † booth-mail (= boothage).
1552Huloet, Boothclothes, wherwith boothes or tentes ben couered. c1570Ld. Sempill 3 Taverners, To pay my buith-mail and my stand. 1838Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1871) I. 109 Booth-keepers knocking down the temporary structures.
▪ II. booth, v. rare.
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To provide or shelter with a booth.
1594Zepheria xxxi. in Arb. Garner V. 81 She booths her fair with shade of broad-branched trees. |