| 释义 |
▪ I. boar, n.|bɔə(r)|
Forms: 1–3 bár, 3–7 bor, 4–7 boor, boore, bore, 5–7 boare, 7– boar. Also 3 Lay. bær, ber; north. 4 bar, 4–6 bare, 6 baire, bayre.
[Known only in W.Ger.: OE. bár = OS. bêr (-swîn), MDu. and Du. beer; OHG., MHG. bêr, mod.G. bär, on OTeut. type *bairo-z. Ulterior etymology unknown; cf. Russ. borovŭ boar.]
1. The male of the swine, whether wild or tame (but uncastrated).
c1000ælfric Gram. viii. 27 Aper, bar. a1121O.E. Chron. an. 1086 He forbead þa heortas swylce eac þa baras. a1300Havelok 1989 Was neuere bor þat so fauht so he fauht þanne. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 55 For my boles & my borez arn bayted & slayne. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xv. 294 Noyther bere, ne bor ne other best wilde. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. lxxxvii. (1495) 836 The wylde male swyne ben callyd Boores. 1513Douglas æneis xiii. iii. 21 As quhen that the fomy bayr hes bet With his thunderand awfull tuskis gret. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §121 Let them be bores and sowes all, and no hogges. 1607Shakes. Timon v. i. 168 Who like a Bore too sauage, doth root vp His Countries peace. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 625 The bristled Rage Of Boars. 1820W. Irving Sketch-Bk. II. 114 The old ceremony of serving up the boar's head on Christmas day.
b. The flesh of the animal.
c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture 489 in Babees Bk. (1868) 147 Venesoun bake, of boor or othur venure. 1878Morley Diderot II. 9 Savoury morsels of venison or boar.
c. spec. wild boar: usual name of the wild species (Sus Scrofa) found in the forests of Europe, Asia, and Africa.
c1205Lay. 16094 Þat beoð a wilde bar [c 1275 bor]. a1225Ancr. R. 280 Þe wilde bor ne mei nout buwen him. c1400Destr. Troy 6523 As wode as a wild bore. 1595Duncan Append. Etymol. (E.D.S.) Verres, porcus non castratus, a baire; aper, a wilde baire. 1671Milton Samson 1138 Bristles..that ridge the back Of chaf'd wild boars. 1863Lyell Antiq. Man 23 The tame pig..had replaced the wild boar as a common article of food.
d. fig. (or heraldically) applied to persons.
1297R. Glouc. 133 Cornewailes bor..þat was Kyng Arthure. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, iv. v. 2 In the stye of the most deadly Bore, My Sonne George Stanley is frankt vp in hold. 1651Proc. in Parl. No. 122 The Wild Boare of Antichristianity.
2. Comb., as boar-dog, boar-hound, boar-hunt, boar-hunting, boar-pig, boar-skin; † boar-cat, a male cat, a tom-cat; boar's-ears (a corruption of bear's ears), a plant = auricula 3; boar's-foot, a plant, Helleborus viridis (cf. bear's-foot); † boar-frank (see quot.); boar-seg (dial.) = boar-stag; boar-spear, a spear used in boar-hunting; † boar-staff (= boar-spear); boar-stag (dial.), a castrated boar; boar-thistle, (?) a corruption of bur thistle, common name of Carduus lanceolatus, the Spear Thistle, also of C. arvensis.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 87 The males will kill the young ones, if they come at them like as the *Bore cats.
1797Brydges Homer Travestie II. 293 Scratch and bite and tear and kick Like two *boar-cats hung 'cross a stick.
1792Osbaldistone Brit. Sportsm. 431 All dogs whatsoever, even from the terrible *Boar-dog to the little Flora, are all one in the first creation.
1880Harting Ext. Brit. Anim. i. 96 In olden times the enclosure in which the Boars used to be fattened was termed a *‘Boar-frank.’
1884A. Brassey in Gd. Words May 316/1 Close by her was an enormous *boarhound.
1843Mrs. H. Gray Tour Sepul. Etruria iv. 193 There are friezes representing *boar-hunts.
1768Hamilton in Phil. Trans. LIX. 20 His Sicilian Majesty takes the diversion of *boar-hunting.
1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. iv. 250 Thou whorson little tydie Bartholmew *Bore-pigge.
1747Scheme Equip. Men of War 36 A strong, fat, well-grown *Boar Pig.
1686Lond. Gaz. No. 2114/4 A large black *Boar Skin, lined with new Canvas.
1465Marg. Paston Lett. 503 II. 189 Imprimis, a peyr briggandyrs, a salet, a *boresper. 1600Holland Livy xxv. ix. 552 k, Nicomenes thrust him through with his borespeare [venabulo]. 1816Scott Antiq. xviii. 123 Snatching his boar⁓spear from the wall..Martin Waldeck set forth.
1579North Plutarch 400 Perswading them to use the pyke and shielde, in steade of their litle target, speare, or *borestaffe.
1714Let. in Phil. Trans. XXIX. 64 A Thistle call'd the *Boar-Thistle; very short and prickly.
▪ II. † boar, v. Obs.
[f. prec. n.]
Of swine: To copulate, to be in heat. trans. and intr.
1528Paynell Salerne Regim. G ij, Hogges..that hath nat boorred a sowe. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 523 In years that will prove moist, they will ever be boring. Ibid. 519 We in English call it ‘Boaring’.
▪ III. boar
obs. f. bore, boor. |