| 释义 |
sardonyx|ˈsɑːdənɪks|
Forms: α. sardonyse, (sardony), 4–7 sardonix, (6 Sc. sardonice), 7– sardonyx, (7 pl. sardonyches); β. 4 sardenyk, 6 sardonique, 7 sardonic(k.
[a. L. sardonyx (pl. sardonyches), a. Gr. σαρδόνυξ (pl. σαρδόνυχες), app. f. σάρδ-ιος sardius, sard n.1 + ὄνυξ onyx. The β forms are ad. the late L. sardonychus (late Gr. σαρδόνυχος); as this occurs only in apposition with lapis stone, it may perh. be an adj.]
A variety of onyx or stratified chalcedony having white layers alternating with one or more strata of sard.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 1006 Þe sardonyse þe fyfþe ston. 1382Wyclif Job xxviii. 16 It shal not be comparisound..to the most precious sardenyk ston or safyr. 1382― Rev. xxi. 20 The fyuethe [foundement], sardonix [1388 sardony]. c1520Nisbet N.T. in Scots Rev. xxi. 20 The fijft, sardonice. 1562Legh Armorie 21 b, The precious stone to this colour [Sanguine] annexed, is the Sardonix. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iv. xi. 123 b, In this place are also found the Sardonique stones. 1586J. Ferne Blaz. Gentrie i. 144 The Sardonix, consisting as it were of two rich gemmes, the Sardix, and the Onix: it is blacke in the bottome, red in the middest, and white aboue. 1601Holland Pliny II. 615 The Sardonyx..was taken for the pretious stone which seemed to be a Cornalline vpon white,..and both together transparent..they verily doe name all..that are not cleare and shew not through them, Blind Sardonyches. 1652Evelyn Diary 1 Aug., Lennier..shew'd me her [Q. Elizabeth's] head, an intaglia in a rare sardonyx, cut by a famous Italian. a1668R. Lassels Voy. Italy ii. (1670) 388 A little Vase of the rootes of Emmeraud. An other of Sardonick. A great cup of Agate. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) I. 173 Hillyard..cut the images of Henry VIII. and his children on a sardonyx. 1860C. W. King Ant. Gems 8 The Sardonyx is defined by Pliny as ‘candor in sarda’, that is to say, a white opaque layer superimposed upon a red transparent stratum of..Sard; and no better description can be given of a perfect gem of this species. 1867A. Billing Sci. Gems 11 Should one of the layers [of onyx] be sard, which is of various shades of orange, brown, or brownish red, it is called sardonyx. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 491 Our highly-valued emeralds and sardonyxes.
b. attrib.
a1691Boyle in T. Birch Life B.'s Wks. 1772 I. p. clix, I give and bequeath to my eldest brother, Richard..a sardonyx seal ring. 1867A. Billing Sci. Gems 68 Variegated brown sardonyx-agates which look somewhat like tortoise⁓shell. 1901Q. Rev. Oct. 432 The large sardonyx cameos of the Augustan age. |