| 释义 |
sarcoma|sɑːˈkəʊmə|
Pl. sarcomata, sarcomas.
[mod.L., a. Gr. σάρκωµα (Galen), f. σαρκοῦν to become fleshy, f. σάρξ, σαρκ- flesh.]
1. Path.
†a. A fleshy excrescence. Obs.
1657Physical Dict., Sarcoma, flesh growing in the nostrils like the proud flesh in a sore. 1742tr. Heister's Surg. (1768) II. 249 Some call them [sc. polypuses] Sarcoma's, others Hypersarcoma's. Ibid., We sometimes meet with Excrescences of various Sizes and Figures... These are usually called Sarcomata of the Uterus. 1752Chambers Cycl. s.v., Every polypus is a sarcoma; but not vice versa. The sarcoma frequently degenerates into a polypus.
b. A tumour composed of embryonic connective tissue. Now applied to almost any malignant tumour not derived from epithelial tissue.
1804Abernethy Surg. Obs. Tumours 19 The first genus may be denominated from its most obvious character (that of having a firm and fleshy feel) Sarcoma or Sarcomatous Tumours. Ibid. 26 Adipose Sarcoma. This is a very common species of Sarcomatous Tumours. 1872Peaslee Ovarian Tumors 19 A cystic sarcoma is merely a development of cysts in a fibroid tumor. 1880M. Mackenzie Dis. Throat & Nose I. 350 As a rule Sarcomata rapidly attain a considerable size. 1894Dublin Rev. Oct. 350 A poor woman with an extensive sarcoma of the face. 1971Nature 21 May 147/2 In human populations only about 10 per cent of cancers are sarcomas; the other 90 per cent are carcinomas—cancers of tissues of epithelial, not mesodermal, origin. 1975Sci. Amer. Nov. 64/2 The cancers are divided into three broad groups. The carcinomas arise in the epithelia... The much rarer sarcomas arise in supporting structures such as fibrous tissues and blood vessels. The leukemias and lymphomas arise in the blood-forming cells.
fig.1850J. Brown Lett. (1907) 82, I often look upon myself as one sarcoma of selfishness and indolence.
2. Bot. Link's term for the fleshy disc surrounding the ovary.
1832Lindley Introd. Bot. i. ii. 137. 1856 Henslow Dict. Bot. Terms. |